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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proglottids of Pseudophyllidea |
Anapolytic |
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Cestodes/ Tapeworms |
Pseudophyllidea Cyclophyllidea |
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Pseudophyllidea |
Diphyllobothrium latum |
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Common name of Diphyllobothrium latum |
Fish Broad Tapeworm Russian Broad Tapeworm |
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Species in Cyclophyllidea |
Taenia solium Taenia saginata Hymenolepis nana Hymenolepis diminuta Dipylidium caninum Echinococcus granulosus |
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Common name of Taenia solium |
Pork tape worm Armed tapeworm |
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Common name of Taenia saginata |
Beef tapeworm Unarmed tapeworm |
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Common name of Hymenolepis nana |
Dwarf tapeworm |
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Common name of Hymenolepis diminuta |
Rat tapeworm |
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Common name of Dipylidium caninum |
Dog Tapeworm Double pored tapeworm |
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Common name of Echinococcus granulosus |
Hydatid worm |
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Characteristics of tapeworm |
•Hermaphroditic •No digestive/ circulatory system •Longer life span in 25 years •Ave. Life span is 20 years •Adult tapeworm inhabit in small intestines •Larvae inhabit the muscle/tissue •Developmental stages: egg-larvae- adult •All are heteroxenous except for H. nana (homoxenous) •With flattened "ribbon like" segmented bodies covered with resistant cuticle ered with resistant cuticle |
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Double pored tapeworm |
With bilateral genital pores |
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Scolex of Pseudophyllidea |
Scolex with bothria, with or without hooks, never with suckers 2 False suckers |
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Neck of Pseudophyllidea |
Absent or present |
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Proglottids of Pseudophyllidea |
Anapolytic |
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Gravid detouch while eggs are still inside |
Apolysis |
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Genital pores of pseudophyllidea |
Central located |
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Uterine pore of pseudophyllidea |
Dorsal and ventral Central |
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Eggs of Pseudophyllidea |
Operculated Immature |
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Scolex of Cyclophyllidea |
Scolex with 4 suckers |
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Neck of cyclophyllidea |
Present or absent |
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Proglottids of cyclophyllidea |
Apolytic |
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Genital pore of cyclophyllidea |
Lateral |
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Uterine pore of cyclophyllidea |
Absent |
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Eggs of cyclophyllidea |
Non operculated Mature |
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Host requirements of D. Latum |
Require 3 host ( 1DH and 2 IH) |
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First IH of D. Latum |
Fresh water copepods |
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Genera of Fresh water copepods |
Cyclops Diaptomus |
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2nd IH of D. latum |
Fresh water fishes:
PETs
Pike Eel Trout Salmon |
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Requirements of H. Nana |
Usually homoxenous or Direct |
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Role of Man for H. Nana |
May act as DH and IH |
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Intermediate host of H. Nana |
HRD CR
Human flea Rat flea Dog flea Cockroaches Rice and Flour beetles |
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Human flea |
Pulex irritans |
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Rat flea |
Xenopsylla cheopis |
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Dog flea |
Ctenophalides canis |
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Cockroaches |
B. germanica |
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Rice and flour beetles |
Tenebrio spps. |
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Cyclophyllidea host requirement |
2host (1 IH and 1 DH(man) ) Except E. granulosus - MAN may serve as an ACCIDENTAL IH |
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Taenia solium IH and DH |
DH: Man IH: Swine /Hog |
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Taenia saginata IH and DH |
DH: Man IH: Cows /Cattles |
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H. Nana IH and DH |
DH: Rat, rarely man IH : fleas, cockroaches, rice and flourbeetles |
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D. caninum IH and DH |
DH: Dog, rarely man IH: Dog and human fleas |
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E. granulosus IH and DH |
DH : dog, foxes, wolves
IH: sheeps, hogs Note: E. granulosus - MAN may serve as an ACCIDENTAL IH |
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Gravid of D. Latum |
With rosette shaped uterus Broader than longer |
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A Cyclophyllidea spps that has globular scolex with hooklets |
Taenia solium Hymenolepis nana Dipylidium caninum Echinococcus granulosus |
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Describe the Globular scolex with hooklets of T. Solium |
2 rows of hooks |
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Describe the Globular scolex with hooklets of H. Nana |
Rostellum with single row of "Y shape hooks" |
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Describe the Globular scolex with hooklets of D. Caninum |
Prominent conical rostellum with "small thorn shaped hooks" (1-7 hooks) |
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Describe the Globular scolex with hooklets of E. Granulosus |
Typically taenid, armed with hooks |
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Taenia solium segments |
Matured segments with "ACCESSOR OVARIAN LOBE"
Gravid - Longer than broad
Elongated uterus
8-12 or 15 ( in some books) lateral uterine branches
Cylindrical central trunk
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Segments of Taenia saginata |
Gravid - Longer than broad Elongated uterus 15-30 lateral uterine branches Cylindrical central trunk |
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Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta segments |
Gravid- Broader than long With saccular uterus |
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Dipylidium caninum segments |
Gravid: Pumpkin seed shaped Resembles "rice grains" in stool Vase shaped Uterus disintegrated into "Egg Packets" |
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Echinococcus granulosus segments |
Gravid Longer than broad Uterus is loosely twisted/ coiled |
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Longer than broad |
ET
E. Granulosus Taenia spps. |
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Broader than long |
DH
Dipylidium caninum Hymenolepis spps. |
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Yellowish brown broadly ovoidal with single shell |
D. Latum ova |
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Ova: 55-76 um x 41-56 um |
D. Latum ova |
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With inconspucius operculum and small knob like thickening at the other |
D. Latum |
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Egg contains undeveloped coracidium |
D. Latum |
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Similar eggs to P. Westermani |
D. Latum |
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Has a abopercular knob |
D. Latum |
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Their eggs are indistinguishable |
Taenia spps. |
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Yellowish brown, non operculated |
Taenia spps. |
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Ova :31-43 um x 31-50 um |
Taenia spps. |
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With striated shell and contains hexacanth embryo |
Taenia spps. |
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Same with Taenia spps. but NEVER seen in "Human feces" |
E. Granulosus |
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Non- Operculated subspherical eggs |
H. Nana
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Ova :40-60 um x 30-50 um in size |
H. Nana |
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With polar thickenings that give rise to 4-8 polar filaments |
H. Nana ova |
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Eggs contains a hexacanth embryo |
Hymenolepis spps. Taenia spps. |
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Non-operculated, spherical eggs |
H. Diminuta |
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Ova: 70-86 um x 60-80 um |
H. Diminuta |
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With polar thickening but NO polar filaments |
H. Diminuta |
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Provided with INTRALAMINA layer giving the egg a "fried egg appearance" |
H. Diminuta |
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Stage cycle of D. latum |
Adult D. latum produced an operculated eggs and eliminated in feces.
The egg containing a CORACIDIUM were hatched by the contact of water.
Coracidium with cilia swim in H2O and ingested by copepods (1st IH). Inside~ it will become Procercoid.
The infected copepods will ingested by the fish. ( 2nd IH) Inside~ it will become a Plerocercoid.
The infected fish will ingested by MAN (DH).
The plocercoid mature in the small intestine.
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Pathogenesis of D. Latum |
Sparganosis Diphyllobothriasis |
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Sparganosis description |
Accidental ingestion of procercoid in man (2nd IH to DH) Tissue infection |
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Lab Diagnosis of sparganosis |
Serotest |
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Dipyllobothriasis description |
Ingestion of plerocercoid It is an intestinal infection Definitive in man |
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Diphyllobothriasis can cause: |
•Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia •Macrocytic hyperchromic type of anemia •Pernicious anemia •Megaloblastic anemia |
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Larval form of Taenia solium |
Cysticercus cellulosae |
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Larval form of Taenia saginata |
Cysticercus bovis |
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Larval form of Hymenolepis spps. and D. caninum |
Cysticercoid |
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Larval form of E. granulosus |
Hydatid cyst |
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Larval form of Multiceps multiceps |
Coenurus |
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Organ adapted for attachment may be equipped with rostellum and hooklets |
Scolex or head Hold fast organ |
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Globular or rounded Scolex |
Cyclophyllidea |
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Spatulate/ spoon shaped or almond shaped of scolex |
Pseudophyllidea |
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Budding zone consisting of germinative tissues |
Neck |
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Region of growth |
Neck |
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Entire chain of segments or proglottids |
Strobila |
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Shortest adult tapeworm found in man |
H.nana |
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Length= 10 meters |
D.latum Longest |
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Consist of 3 segments only |
E.granulosus Shortest |
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Bump like protrusions on scolex |
Rostellum |
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Attach on the rostellum |
Hooklets |
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3 parts of segments |
Immature Mature Gravid or ripe |
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Sexually undeveloped segment or the reproductive organ not fully developed |
Immature segments |
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Fully sets of male/female reproductive organ Or sexually developed |
Mature segments |
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Undergoes detachment from the strobila |
Gravid or ripe |
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Contained the egg filled uterus |
Gravid |
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The shape of uterus |
May vary |
