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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 objectives of first aid |
To prevent further injury, further infection, and the loss of life |
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8 categories of first aid |
Bleeding- Burns- Obstructed Upper Airway (throat)- Heat related injuries-Cold weather injuries- Shock |
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4 methods to control bleeding |
Direct pressure, Pressure Point, Elevation, Tourniquet (last resort) |
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How many pressure points and where? |
22 (11 on each side).. 1. Temple (superficial temporal) 2. Jaw (facial) 3. Neck (carotid) 4. Collar bone (subclavian) 5. Inner upper arm (brachial) 6. Inner elbow (brachial) 7. Wrist (Radial) 8. Upper thigh (femoral) 9. Groin (iliac) 10. Knee ( Popliteal) 11. Ankle (tibial) |
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How many types of Burns? What kinds? |
3... 1st degree or (superficial) / 2nd Degree or ( Partial thickness) / 3rd degree or (full thickness) |
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How many types of fractures? What kind? |
1. Closed or (simple) fracture. 2. Open or (compound fracture) |
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How many types of heat related injuries? What are they? |
3- Heat cramps....Heat exhaustion...Heat stroke |
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What are Heat cramps? |
1. Heat cramps - mild to sever muscle contractions in legs and stomach, moist skin, normal temp. |
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What is Heat exhaustion? |
Serious disturbance of blood to the brain, heart and lungs.. Skin is cool, moist and clammy, pupils dialated. Sweating alot |
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What is Heat stroke |
Very serious cause by the stoping of the sweating mechanism.. Hot/ dry skin, uneven pupil dialation, weak rapid pulse |
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How many types of cold weather injuries? |
2... Hypothermia and Frostbite |
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Signs of hypothermia |
Shivering. Faint pulse. Drowsiness. Spurred speach. Shallow breathing. Frozen extremities. |
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What is hypothermia? |
Condition when the body loses Heat faster than it can produce it. Cooling of the core body temp. To below 95 degrees. |
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What is frostbite |
Freezing of the body's tissues caused by exposure to low temp. Cheeks, nose, ears, fingers ,feet, wrists, hands.. |
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How many stages of frostbite? |
3... 1st stage frostnip.. 2nd stage superficial. 3rd stage deep frostbite. |
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What's frostnip? |
Top layer of skin freezes.. Appears white and waxy.. |
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What is superficial frostbite? |
Ice crystals penetrate 2nd layer of skin causing blisters |
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What is deep frostbite? |
Skin and tissues hardens and blackens as it dies.. |
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How many types of shock? And what are they? |
6... 1. Electrical- electric energy source 2. Septic- Bacteria in the blood 3. Anaphylactic- allergy 4. Cardiogenic - heart damage 5. Neurogenic- Spinal cord injury 6. Hypovolemic- Severe blood and fluid loss. |
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What are the 6 steps of the survival chain? |
1. Recognition/ activation of cpr. 2. Start Chest compressions. 3. Get AED/ defibrillator. 4. Rapid defibrillation. 5. Effective advanced life support (Paramedics) 6. Integrated post cardiac care (hospital) |
