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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Quiet Tachypnea Pathophysiology & Causes? |
Attempt to maintain near normal blood pH by increasing the amount of air moving in/out of lungs (ventilation)- this decreases CO2 and increases pH. Causes: fever, pain, mild metabolism acidosis (dehydration or DKA), sepsis, early CHF, severe anemia, some CHD (ex. Transposition of Great Arteries) |
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Bradypnea Causes? |
Respiratory muscle fatigue, CNS injury, hypothermia, meds |
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Apnea Types? |
Central: abnormality or suppression of brain or spinal cord Obstructive : inspiraotey effort without airflow Mixed: periods of both |
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Tidal Volume |
Volume of air inspired w each breath. 5-7ml/kg |
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Minute ventilation |
Volume of air that moves in or out each minute. RR x TV. Low minute ventilation = hypoventilation. |
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Bradycardia Causes & action? |
Hypoxia is most common. If Brady plus poor perfusion support ventilation w bag and mask and administer O2. . If no poor perfusion, consider heart block or drug overdose. |
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Pulse differences Causes |
Difference in quality between central and peripheral: peripheral vasoconstriction during shock Beat to beat fluctuations : arrhythmia - pac or pvc Pulsus paradoxus ( fluctuations in pulse volume with respiratory cycle) - severe asthma and pericardial tamponade Intubated child w reduction in pulse volume with each positive pressure breath - hypovolemia |
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Central Cyanosis Causes |
If low hgb, lower O2 sat is needed to produce cyanosis. Causes: high altitude, alveolar hypoventilation (tbi, drug overdose), diffusion defect (pna), ventilation/perfusion imbalance ( asthma, bronchiolitis, ARDS), intracardiac shunt (CHD) |
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PaO2 and PaO2 What do they indicate |
PaO2- adequacy of O2 tension in arterial blood PaCO2- adequacy of ventilation |
