Overview Of Metabolism

Front 1

What is Metabolism?

Back 1

The study of the biochemical pathways in an organism:

-Primary Metabolic Pathways

-Secondary Metabolic Pathways

Front 2

What are Metabolomics?

Back 2

The systematic study of metabolites and the interrelationship of metabolic pathways.

Front 3

What is the Metabolom?

Back 3

The collection of all metabolites in a biological cell, tissue, organ, or organism.

Front 4

What are metabolites?

Back 4

The end products of cellular processes.

Front 5

Why are Metabolomics in Medicine important?

Back 5

Using "molecular biomarkers" to diagnose or monitor disease progression.

Levels can be correlated with different stages of disease progression allowing for early detection and accurate assessment and monitoring therapeutics.

Front 6

Functions of Metabolism

Back 6

1. Homeostasis

2. Energy Production

3. Interconversion of Intermediates

4. Synthesis and Transport

5. Information Storage, Retrieval, Maintenance and Replication

Front 7

Homeostasis

Back 7

Tendency of an organism to maintain a stable and constant internal environment in response to changes in the external conditions

(pH, temp, nutrient status and energy balance, toxic substances or physical pain)

Front 8

Energy Production

Back 8

Coupling of the oxidation of Carbs, lipids, and amino acids to the production of biochemical energy in the form of C-H bonds and high-energy phosphate compounds.

Front 9

Interconversion of Intermediates

Back 9

The enzymatic transformation of molecules to create intermediates in reaction pathways.

Front 10

Synthesis and Transport

Back 10

The utilization of biochemical energy for synthesis and transport of biomolecules to build and maintain biological structures.

Front 11

Information Storage, Retrieval, Maintenance, and Replication

Back 11

The encoding of genetic and epigenetic information in the form of units called genes into a genome and the ability to express and duplicate this info to pass along to future generation of cells.

Front 12

The Key Molecules found in living organisms

Back 12

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Small Molecules

Metals

Front 13

Proteins

Back 13

– function as enzymes, regulators, transporters, signaling molecules, structural components of cells

Front 14

Nucleic Acids

Back 14

– function as genetic information storage, gene expression, catalysts, structural components of cells

Front 15

Carbohydrates

Back 15

function as energy sources, recognition signals, structural components of cells

Front 16

Lipids

Back 16

function as energy sources, structural components of cell membranes

Front 17

Small Molecules

Back 17

– vitamins and coenzymes that function as cofactors in enyzme-catalyzed reactions

Front 18

Metals

Back 18

– function as prosthetic groups on proteins for catalysis and ligand binding

Front 19

Vitamins

Back 19

Precursors for cofactors in Enzyme Reactions while other regulate cellular processes.

Front 20

Key Concepts in Bioenergetics - 1

Back 20

Cells obey the laws of energy – it always take more energy to maintain biological homeostasis than can be derived by catabolism. Thus, living systems are not in equilibrium and require a continuous influx of energy to counteract the effects of entropy

Front 21

Key Concepts in Bioenergetics – 2

Back 21

Coupling of Reactions by a Common Intermediate Allows One Reaction to Drive Another.

PEP + H2O -> Pyr + Pi Delta G=-78kJ/mol

ADP + Pi -> ATP + H2O Delta G=+55kJ/mol

PEP + ADP -> Pry + ATP Total Delta G=-23kJ/mol

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