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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Distention of enruptured graafian follicle. May be associated with hyperestrogenism and endometrial hyperplasia. Most common ovarian mass in young women. |
Follicular cyst |
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Hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum. Common regresses spontaneously. |
Corpus luteum cyst |
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Often bilateral-multiple. Due to gonadotropin stimulation. Associated with choriocarcinoma and moles. |
Theca-lutein cyst |
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Blood vessel rupture in cyst wall. Cyst grows with increased blood retention; usually self-resolves. |
Hemorrhagic cyst |
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Mature teratoma. Cystic growths filled with various types of tissue such as fat, hair, teeth, bits of bone, and cartilage. |
Dermoid cyst |
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Endometriosis within ovary with cyst formation. Varies with menstrual cycle. When filled with dark, reddish-brown blood it is called a chocolate cyst. |
Endometrioid cyst |
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Most common ovarian neoplasm. Thin-walled, uni- or multilocular. Lined with fallopian-like epithelium. Often bilateral. |
Serous cystadenoma |
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Multiloculated, large. Lined by mucus-secreting epithelium. |
Mucinous cystadenoma |
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Mass arising from growth of ectopic endometrial tissue. Complex mass on ultrasound. Presents with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia. |
Endometrioma |
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Germ cell tumor, most common ovarian tumor in women 20-30 years old. Can contain elements from all 3 germ layers; teeth, hair, sebum are common components. Can present with pain secondary to ovarian enlargement or torsion. Can also contain functional thyroid tissue and present as hyperthyroidism (struma ovarii) |
Mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) |
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Looks like bladder. Solid tumor that is pale yellow-tan color and appears encapsulated. Coffee bean nuclei on H&E. |
Brenner tumor |
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Bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts. Meigs syndrome -- triad of ovarian fibroma, ascites, and hydrothorax. Pulling sensation in groin. |
Fibromas |
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Like granulosa cell tumor, may produce estrogen. Usually present as abnormal uterine bleeding in a postmenopausal woman. |
Thecoma |
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Aggressive, contains fetal tissue, neuroectoderm. Immature teratoma is most likely represented by immature/embryonic-like neural tissue. Mature teratoma are more likely to contain thyroid tissue. |
Immature teratoma |
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Most common sex cord stromal tumor. Predominantly women in their 50s. Often produce estrogen and/or progesterone and present with abnormal uterine bleeding, sexual precocity (in pre-adolescents), breast tenderness. Histology shows Call-Exner bodies (resemble primordial follicles) |
Granulosa cell tumor |
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Most common ovarian neoplasm, frequently bilateral. Psammoma bodies. |
Serous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Pseudomyxoma peritonei-intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor. |
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Most common in adolescents. Equivalent to male seminoma but rarer. 1% of all ovarian tumors; 30% of germ cell tumors. Sheets of uniform "fried egg" cells. hCG, LDH = tumor markers. |
Dysgerminoma |
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Rare; can develop during or after pregnancy in mother or baby. Malignancy of trophoblastic tissue (cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts); no chorionic villi present. Increased frequency of theca-lutein cysts. Present with abnormal B-hCG, shortness of breath, hemoptysis. Hematogenous spread to lungs. Very responsive to chemotherapy. |
Choriocarcinoma |
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Aggressive, in ovaries and testes (boys) and sacrococcygeal area in young children. Mot common tumor in male infants. Yellow, friable (hemorrhagic), solid mass. 50% have Schiller-Duval bodies (resemble glomeruli). AFP = tumor marker. |
Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor |
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GI malignancy that metastasizes to the ovaries, causing a mucin-secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma. |
Krukenberg tumor |
