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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ORGANIC MOLECULES |
Carbon Based Molecules EX: Sugars, Carbohydrates, Enzymes, or Fats |
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INORGANIC MOLECULES |
Non-carbon based molecules EX: H2O, Oxygen, Ammonia |
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HYDROXYL GROUP |
Functional groups that contain hydroxide ion that are hydrophillic
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CARBOXYL GROUP |
Functional groups that contain a carbon based double bond with oxygen. They are polar, part of an acid, and dissolve in water
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CARBONYL GROUP |
Functional groups that are found in ketones and aldeydes. Oxygens have a slight negative charge making it polar. Part of a sugar molecule |
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AMINO GROUP |
Functional group that are bases because of the extra hydrogen. Slightly polar. A major part of amino acids |
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MONOMER |
Smallest molecular units for biomolecules EX: Glucose |
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POLYMER |
Linkage of biomolecules into large chains EX: Proteins, Cellulose, Glycogen |
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CARBOHYDRATE |
An organic compound made up of sugar molecules EX: Basic formula of CH2O |
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MONOSACCHARIDE |
Simple sugar unit EX: Honey |
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DISACCHARIDE |
Monosacchrides bonded together EX: Maple Syrup (Fructose bonded with Glucose) |
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POLYSACCHARIDE |
Complex carbohydrates EX: Starch, Glycogen, or Cellulose |
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LIPIDS |
Water avoiding compounds EX: Water avoiding molecules |
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HYDROPHOBIC |
Water-Fearing EX: Vegetable oils |
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HYDROPHILLIC |
Water-Loving EX: Alcohols |
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STEROID |
Lipid molecule in which the carbon skeleton is fused in four rings EX: Testosterone and Estrogen |
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AMINO ACID |
Consists of a central carbon atom to four partners (An amino group, Carboxyl group, and a side group) |
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PROTEIN |
Is a polymer constructed from a set of just 20 Amino Acids EX: Forms structures such as hair and muscle |
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POLYPEPTIDE |
Amino acids that are linked together in a chain EX: Most are 10o amino acids in length |
