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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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electronegativity
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ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond
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Pauling Electronegativity Scale
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F defined to have an electronegativity of 4.0 and all other elements assigned values relative to F
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electron deficient element
(give an example) |
exception to the octet rule
example// Boron |
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Which groups have electron deficient elements? What are they?
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*group 13 (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
*group 2 (Be, Mg) |
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What do we use DEN to determine?
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the kind of bond between two atoms
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DEN <0.5
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*nonpolar covalent bond
*electrons shared equally |
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0.5<= DEN <= 2.0
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*polar covalent bond
*unequal sharing of e- *bond dipole moment *more time is spent with the more electronegative ion |
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Dipole moment is a ________ quantity.
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vector
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How do you represent a bond dipole moment in a lewis structure?
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with an arrow pointing from less electronegative to more electronegative (+ on the side without the arrow)
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2.0< DEN
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*ionic bond
*electrons are no longer shared- they are transferred from the less EN atom to the more EN atom *forms ions |
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Ionic bond
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electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
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anion
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negatively charged ion
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cation
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positively charged ion
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What does "DEN" stand for?
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difference in electronegativity
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What does a neutral group 2 element usually like?
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4e-/ 2 bonds & 0 lone pairs
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What does a neutral group 13 element usually like?
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6 e-/ 3 bonds & 0 lone pairs
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It is never possible for a _______ period element to have more than ___ electrons.
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second/ 8
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Expanded octets can occur in what period(s)? Why?
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3rd period and beyond/ you can use empty d orbitals to accommodate more and 8 e-
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