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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do polar covalent bonds deal with?
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electronegativity
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What is it about polar covalent bonds?
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The bonding electrons are attached more strongly to one atom than the other
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What is the most electronegative atom?
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Fluorine (EN=4)
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What is electronegativity?
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The intrinsic ability of an atom to attract or share electrons in a covalent bond
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Electronegativity increases as you go _____ on the periodic table
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left-to-right
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Electronegativity decreases as you go _____ on the periodic table.
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top-to-bottom
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For a polar covalent bond, EN must be between _____ and _____
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0.5, 2
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For an ionic bond, EN must be greater than _____
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2
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For a non-polar covalent bond, EN must be _____.
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under 0.5
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What is the inductive effect?
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the shifting of electrons in a sigma bond in response to the EN of nearby atoms
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inductive effect:
metals such as Li, Mg _____ electrons. |
donate
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inductive effect:
O, N, and halogens _____ electrons. |
accept
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What must you do to get molecular polarity?
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you need to add the vectors of all the bond polarity (s) and lone-pair contributions.
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What is the net molecular polarity called?
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the dipole moment
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If the center of mass of all of the the positive charges and the center of mass of all of the negative charges don't coincide, they have a _____ _____.
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net polarity
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The dipole moment (_____) is defined as:
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mu, the magnitude of charge at either end of the molecular dipole times the distance between the charges
mu=Qxr |
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In mu=Qxr, what is the Q?
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the magnitude of charge at either end of the molecular dipole
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In mu=Qxr, what is the r?
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the distance between Q
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Dipole moments are expressed in _____.
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debyes
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The only difference between resonance forms is:
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The placement of the π and nonbonding electrons
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