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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lingual Nerve Paraesthesia
Carmichael's percentages 1992 BJOMFS (3) |
6-24h - 15%
7-10d - 10.7% 1yr - 0.6% |
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Lingual Nerve Paraesthesia
Bramley's percentages 1989 BDJ (4) |
Initially - 11%
>6wks - >50% resolved >36wks - no resolution 0.5% permanent |
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Inferior Dental Nerve Paraesthesia
Carmichael's percentages 1992 BJOMFS (3) |
6-24h - 5.5%
7-10d - 3.9% 1yr - 0.9% |
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Lingual Nerve Paraesthesia
Study evidencing Howarth's PE as ineffectual protection for Lingual nerve if drilling |
JP Rood
1992 BDJ |
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Lingual Nerve Paraesthesia
Study demonstrating 6% temporary lingual nerve paraesthesia using lingual retraction. (3) |
Lingual nerve damage during lower third molar removal: A comparison of two surgical methods
PP Robinson 1996 BDJ |
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Define Apicectomy |
Amputation of the apex of a tooth
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Indications (4) |
Anatomy
Failure/ Inability to RCT Iatrogenic Damage Pathology |
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Why is extruded CaOH an indication for surgical removal? |
Alkalinity can cause a persistent Giant Cell Inflammation
(Possibly increased resorbtion or lymphomatic change?) |
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Peri-Radicular Pathology
Difference between Chronic Periapical Granuloma and a Radicular Cyst? |
Cyst = >6mm diameter
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Contra-Indications (4) |
Medical
Anatomical Infective (Acute Abscess) Inability to fill root |
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Minor Oral Surgery
Instrument for curetting tissues? |
Mitchell's Trimmer
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Minor Oral Surgery
'L' Shaped retractor with serrated edge? |
Henry's Rake Retractor
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Minor Oral Surgery
Proper name for bone nibblers? |
Ronguers
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Minor Oral Surgery
Scissors with a curved tip? |
MacIndoe's Scissors
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Minor Oral Surgery
'C' Shaped retractor? |
Kilner's Cheek retractor
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Minor Oral Surgery
'L' Shaped retractor? |
Lac's retractor
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Minor Oral Surgery
Forceps with angled end and finger rings? |
Fickling's
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Minor Oral Surgery
Main difference between Cryer's and Warrick James'? |
Cryer's are sharp
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Minor Oral Surgery
Long handled locking forceps with curved end? |
Lawrence forceps
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Mandibular Fracture
Most Common Causes (5 - most common first) |
Assault
Sports RTA Incidental/ Unknown Pathological |
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Mandibular Fracture
Greenstick Fracture Features (3) |
Young children mostly
Bone bends or compresses rather than breaks Fracture occurs within the bone only |
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Mandibular Fracture
Most common sites of fracture (3) |
Condyle (30%)
Angle (25%) Body (25%) |
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Mandibular Fracture
What is a 'favourable' fracture? (2) |
One where the muscles naturally act to reduce the fracture
Measured horizontally and vertically |
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Mandibular Fracture
What is a 'Bucket Handle' fracture? |
Bilateral fracture of the body of the mandible
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Maxillary Sinus
What is Pneumatization? |
The enlargement of a sinus by resorption of alveolar bone that formerly served to support a missing tooth or teeth.
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Flap Design
2 sided flap - colloquial name? |
Triangle flap
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Flap Design
3 sided flap - geometric name? |
Trapezoidal flap
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Flap Design
Trapezoidal flap sparing the gingival margins? |
Luebke-Ochsebein flap
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Flap Design
Increased incidence of what complication in using a semi-lunar/ Luebke-Ochsebein flap? |
Wound Dehiscence
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Flap Design
Primary relieving incision placement? (2 sided flap) |
One and a bit units ahead
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Flap Design
When might a relieving incision be placed more than one papilla in front of the site? (2) |
Mental Nerve avoidance
Increased visibility/ retraction |
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Coronectomy
Contra-Indications (4) |
Medical
Mobility Vitality [Non-vital] Risk to major nerves |
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Acute Sinusitis
Treatments (4) |
2 weeks mucolytic inhalations
augmentin (375mg tds) doxyclincline (50-100mg OD) clarithromycin (250mg qds) |
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Acute Sinusitis
Signs and Symptoms (5) |
Pain in maxilla
Molars TTP Worse if bending over No swelling Post-nasal drip |
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Chronic Sinusitis
Query what if no OAC? |
Immune status
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Oro-Antral Communication
Maximum size for spontanious healing? |
5mm diameter
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Maxillary Sinus
Most common approach for foreign body removal? |
Caldwell-Luc
Intra-oral incision to sinus with lateral nasal wall marsupilization |
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Sinusitis
Possible Complications (3) |
Brain Abscess
Orbital Cellulitis Cavernus Sinus Thrombosis |
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Oro-Antral Communication
Treatment (4) |
Buccal advancement flap
Advise against blowing nose Analgesics Antibiotics |
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Buccal Advancement Flap
Design? |
3-sided buccal flap incising fistulla
Incise periosteum Vertical Mattress Suture |
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Posterior Tuberosity Fracture
Treatment (4) |
Analgesics
Antibiotics 6 week splint Sequellae dissection |
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Oro-Antral Communication
Are prophylactic antibiotics required? |
Yes.
Penicillin |
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Oro-Antral Fistula
Treatments available under LA? |
Buccal advancement flap
Fistula excision Palatal rotation flap |
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Oro-Antral Fistula
Treatments available under GA? |
Buccal fat pad
Temporalis fascia Tongue flap |
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Minor Oral Surgery
Surgical Planning (6) |
Path of extraction
Extrinsic Obstacles Intrinsic Obstacles Point of Application Bone Removal Flap Design |
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Pericoronitis
Features (6) |
Trismus
Pain Bad taste Hallitosis Inflammation Food Packing |
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Specialist Referral
Abscess Indications (7) |
Rapidly Progressing
Breathing or Swallowing problems Fascial space involvement Temperature >39 degrees Severe trismus Immunocompromised Not responding to Rx |
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Minor Oral Surgery
Indications for extraction (6) |
Unrestorable Caries
Cellulitis/ Infection Periodontal Disease Orthodontic reasons Prophylaxis Tooth in fracture line |
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Minor Oral Surgery
Local Haemostatic Agents (4) |
Gelfoam - Gelatin Sponge
Surgicell - Oxidised Cellulose Thrombostat - Topical Thrombin Tisseel - Fibrin Sealant |
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Pericoronitis
Indication for XLA? |
More than two episodes in 12 months
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Pericoronitis
Antibiotic therapy? |
400mg Metrinidazole 3x daily
5 Days |
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Wisdom Teeth
Percentage of population without? |
25%
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Wisdom Teeth
SIGN Guidelines Advisable for XLA (5) |
Significant Infection
Inaccessibility to dental care Medical risks Transplantation Undergoing GA for other 3rd molar |
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Wisdom Teeth
SIGN Guidelines Strong Indications for XLA (5) |
>1 Infection
Unrestorable caries Periodontal disease Cysts or other pathology Resorbtion |
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Wisdom Teeth
XLA Post-op Complications (6) |
Trismus
Pain Swelling Inability to eat/ speak properly Bruising Paraesthesia |
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Wisdom Teeth
Surgical Complications (6) |
Haemorrhage
Displacement Damage to adjacent teeth OAC Tuberosity fracture Nerve Damage |
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Wisdom Teeth
Are radiographs required prior to surgery? |
Yes.
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Wisdom Teeth
Alternatives to extraction (4) |
XLA of adjacent tooth
XLA of opposing tooth Occlusal grinding Coronectomy |
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Informed Consent
Paper showing 19% of patients not adequately consenting |
Tahir et. all
BDJ 2002 |
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Coronectomy
Technique (3) |
Remove crown to 3-4mm inferior to alveolar bone level
Leave pulp chamber open Horizontal mattress suture |
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Cysts
Treatments (2) |
Enucleation
Marsupilization |
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Maxillary Fractures
Where to palpate if suspected Le Fort III? (3) |
Nasion
Lateral wall of orbit Zygomatic arch |
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Maxillary Fractures
Where to palpate if suspected Le Fort II? (3) |
Nasion
Orbital Floor Maxillary arch movement |
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Maxillary Fractures
Where to palpate if suspected Le Fort I? (1) |
Maxillary arch movememt
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Cysts
Keratocyst treatments (2) |
Enucleation
Carnoy's Solution |
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Cysts
Major problem with keratocysts |
Recurrance [due to daughter cysts]
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Post-Op Complications (4) |
Bruising
Pain Swelling Paraesthesia |
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Success Rates |
56-98%
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Materials for Retrograde filling (2) |
ZOE
MTA Not Amalgam |
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
Angle at which root is cut |
Endo = 10 degrees
MOS = 45 degrees |
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Peri-Radicular Surgery
What is a Stropko device? |
Manifold to 3in1 reducing pressure to 10psi - prevents air embolism
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Cysts
Clinical Signs and Symptoms (4) |
Egg-Shell Crackling
Missing Teeth Hollow Percussion note Mobile Teeth |
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Cysts
Special Investigations (4) |
Vitality Testing
Radiographs Aspiration Biopsy |
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Cysts
Eruption cyst preferred Rx |
Marsupilisation
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Cysts
Enucleation contra-indications (3) |
Large cysts
Anatomy Involving multiple vital teeth |
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Cysts
Marsupilisation disadvantages (2) |
Bung required
Cyst lining not available for histology |
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Cysts
Incidence of cysts (5) |
Radicular - 60-75%
Dentigerous - 10-15% Keratocyst - 5-10% Naso-palatine cyst 5-10% Paradental cyst - 3-5% |
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Cysts
Characteristic appearance of Naso-Palatine cysts? (2) |
Heart shaped in Palate
Crosses the mid-line |
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Cysts
Bone Cysts (3) |
Staphne's Idiopathic Bone Cyst
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Solitary Bone Cyst |
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Cysts
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Treatment |
Curettage
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Tumour-like Radiolucencies
Benign Non-Odontogenic (4) |
Fibroma
Chondroma Osteoma Central Haemangioma |
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Tumour-like Radiolucencies
Malignant Non-Odontogenic (3) |
Osteosarcoma
Fibrosarcoma Chondrosarcoma |
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Tumour-like Radiolucencies
Odontogenic (8) |
Ameloblastoma
C.E.O.T [Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour] Clear cell odontogenic tumour Odontogenic carcinoma Ameloblastic fibroma Califying odontogenic cyst Odontogenic fibroma Myxoma |
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Fibro-Osseus Lesions
Radiolucent or radiopaque? |
Radiopaque
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Fibro-Osseus Lesions
(4) |
Fibrous Dysplasia
Ossifying Fibroma Cementifying Fibroma True Cementoma |
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Giant-Cell Lesions
Define (2) |
Aggregates of macrophages
Palisade off stimuli |
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Giant-Cell Lesions
(4) |
Giant Cell Granuloma
Brown's Tumours [hyperparathyroidism] Cherubism Aneurysmal Bone Cyst |
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Lingual Nerve Paraesthesia
What clinical sign may be evident? |
Atrophy of the fungiform papillae in the affected area
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Maxillofacial Surgery
What is the maximum length of mandibular bone replaceable by reconstitution strips? What if the defect is larger? |
6cm
If greater then free vascular bone graft from the femur |
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Inflammation
What are the classical signs of inflammation? (5) |
Rubor
Tumor Calor Dolor Function Laseo |
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Antibiotic Therapy
When might you prescribe antibiotics following the drainage of an abscess? (4) |
Systemic Involvement
Cellulitis Fascial Space Involvement Compromised host |
