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73 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
Imperfect dentin
teeth break easily
radiolucent
obliterated pulp chambers
Cleft Lip & Palate caused by
teratogens
hormone deficiency
nutritional deficiency
infection
maternal age
Cleft Lip
mesodermal tissue of lip does not fuse
1/600-800 births per year
most common: white males
Cleft Palate
mesodermal tissue of palate does not fuse
1/2500 births
white female
Cleiodcranial Dysostosis
genetic
bulging forehead
absence of clavicles
supernumerary teeth
delay in shedding
gemination & concrescence
Osteomyelitis
bone infection
more common mandible
acute or chronic
radiolucent
antibiotic therapy
Condensing Osteitis
reaction of bone near apices due to low grade infection
chunk of cementum around apex
trying to protect itself from infection/abcess
Osteoradionecrosis
damage due to radiation
mandible
necrotic bone
Osteochemonecrosis
necrosis of jaw from drugs
Osteoma
benign bone tumor
hard/indurated
outer surface of mand. in premolar & angle of mand.
Exostosis
benign outgrowth of normal bone
maxilla
Torus
extra bone
possibly to trauma, occlusion, genetics
20-30% have some type of tori
Torus Palatinus
palatal tori
20% of population
Torus Mandibularis
mandibular tori
usually lingual in premolar region
7% of population
Central Giant Cell Granuloma (reparative)
over correction from trauma
radiolucent
borders well demarcated
PDL stretched (loose teeth)
Eosinophilic Granuloma
radiolucent
culture red dots
Fibrosarcoma
Cancer of mesoderm
CT of mandible
radiolucent
loose teeth
invasive & agressive
spindle shaped fibrous CT
surgical removal
Chondrosarcoma
cancer of mesoderm
cartilage!
spindle/stellate cells c masses of cartilage cells
not as invasive
surgical removal
Osteosarcoma
cancer of bone
malignant c poor prognosis
trauma, young indiv.
sunray appearance on xray
surgical removal (c lots of mand.)
Multiple Myeloma
Cancer of bone marrow/plasma cells
40-70 yrs old
BENCE JONES PROTEIN
mandible
no cure, can be slowed
painful
radiolucent
Carcinoma cells are transported through which system?
lymph
Sarcoma cells are transported through which system?
venous
Hemangioma
blood tumor
more typical in skin, but can occur in mandible
blood fills trabecular bone
Fractures of mandible occur in which places at the following percents?
13
20
31
36
symphysis
angle
body
subcondylar

*respectively
What factors would adversely affect mand. fracture healing?
infection
foreign body
movement
no blood supply
separation of bone (space btwn)
age, nutrition level, systemic illness
Tooth Socket Healing Steps
1
2
3
4
5
6
hemorrhage
clot-24-48 hrs
granuloma-1 wk
osteoblasts/bone formation
reepithelialization-2 wks
final remodeling-6 wks-6 mos
What is a cyst?
pathological cavity w/in body tissues
fluid filled sac
lined by epithelium
Sialoadenitis
inflammation of salivary gland
from direct spread of bacteria
sialolithiases
obstruction of duct by calculus like mass (sialolith)
Autoimmune Sialadenitis
inflammation
associated with autoimmune disorders most often in parotid
Normal Salivary Flow
500-1500 ml/day
proportionally greater in infants
10 ml at night
Sialorrhea
increased salivary flow
xerostomia
dry mouth from decreased salivary flow
causes: drugs, surgery, radiation, inflammation, systemic illness
dry, red, burning, pain
susceptible to caries and cadidiasis
epidemic parotitis (mumps)
inflammation of salivary glands and gonads c possible involvement of CNS
edema of salivary glands (parotid)
tender ducts
pain in gland (often 1st symptom)
malaise
lasts 10 days
Mucocele
saliva walled of by CT
from trauma
often on lower lip
can be blue in appearance
Ranula
*little frog--frog belly appearance
found in floor of mouth
assoc c sublingual gland
large, rapid growing
Name the four main groups of specialized epithelium on the tongue
filliform papilla, fungiform papilla, foliate papilla, and circumvallate papilla
Erythema Multiformae
red lesions start as vesicles, bullae, ulcers, then covered with yellow-grey membrane
target lesions*
Pemphigus
automimmune
painful
red blisters
NIKOLSKY TEST (rub and vesicles appear)
Pephigoid
similar to pepmhigus, but goes away in 2 wks or so
oral and eye lesions
non fatal
auntoimmune
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Not in oral cavity, but on face/lips, etc
small papule w central ulceration
etiology=sun
Lupus Erythematosus
autoimmune
butterfly wing shape over bridge of nose
oral lesions in 25%
AIDS
immune system disfunction
affects CD4+ T lymphocytes
HIV associated oral lesions
apthous ulcer
NUP
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Herpes
Hairy Leukoplakia
Candidiasis
Papilloma
finger like growths of epithelium
often pedunculated
not significant unless consistantly traumatized
adenoma
epithelial tumor of glandular origin (salivary gland origin)
Fibroma
smooth surface
relatively firm
tongue & buccal mucosa
MX collagen fibers, fibroblasts
Lipoma
Fat cells in CT stroma
floor of mouth and buccal mucosa
benign
Schwannoma (Neurilemoma)
schwann cell overgrowth
slow growing
asymptomatic
Neurofibroma
overgrowth of all neuron elements
may change to sarcoma
Myoblastoma
same as schwannoma
benign
muscle of tongue
Hemangioma
blood tumor
port wine stain of skin
flat
Cavernous hemangioma
distended/elevated
filled with blood
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
raised lesion, central ulceration & rolled borders
red, velvety, wart-like surfact
hard, fixed to underlying tissue
lateral border of tongue, floor of mouth, gingiva
many possible causes (virus, genetics, trauma, uv light, chemicals, alcohal, & TOBACCO, HPV
What is the number one risk factor for SCC?
The top three things?
1.tobacco
2.alcohol
3.age
What is the most common EXTRA oral site for SCC?
lips
What are signs of SCC? or cancer?
Sores that won't heal
White or Red
Difficult swallowing, eating, chewing
Bleeding, earaches, change in occlusion
Melanoma
bluish grey or black lesion
highly malignant
rarely found in oral cavity (except as metastatic lesion_
If you see black in the mouth REFER!
Ameloblastoma
most common odontogenic tumor
arises from Oral Epithelium, DL, EO, or epith. rests
mostly in mandible
radiolucent punched out area
locally very destructive
Compound Odontoma
VS
Complex Odontoma
COMPOUNDmutliple small teeth (denticles)
formed during tooth development
surgival removal
COMPLEX
one big ball of tooth like stuff
no anatomical relationship to one another
Odontogenic Fibroma/myxoma
mesenchymal origin
usually where tooth is or was located
irregular radiolucent, slow growth
Odontogenic Cementoma
small radiolucency around cementum. inside PDL "cement(um)"oma
hyperemia
pain which does not occur spontaneously. it's initiated by stimulus (hot, cold, sweet, etc) and disappears if the stimulus is removed.
Acute pulpitis
irreversable pulp damage.
pain poorly localized
lingering pain
may be vital
caused by trauma, temp, caries, chemicals, bleaching, immune response
Acute apical inflammation
absess
draining fistula possible
cellulitis
infection through cortical plate causing big facial swellings
Cevernous Sinus Thrombosis
vessels walls irritated from previous infection causing clotting of the cavernous sinus.
dangerous
Chronic pulpitis
closed pulpal inflammation
comes and goes
Chronic open pulpitis
pulp tissue exposed to oral cavity through opening (usually caries)
granulation tissue may be present so pain isn't usually a factor
chronic apical abscess
bone necrosis right by apical foramen
tooth resorption possible
Chronic apical granuloma
area of apical bone destruction is filled with granulation tissue
acute vs chronic pulpal conditions
acute=lucency/abscess
chronic=granulation tissue
apical periodontal cyst
PA cyst
radicular cyst
dental cyst
PA cavity lined with epitheliam
PA cyst will not heal after root canal because CT can't go into cyst space