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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a Clearance - word perfect |
Authorisation for an aircraft to proceed under conditions specified by ATC and is only valid within controlled airspace and with respect to known traffic. A clearance is required to contain all the elements needed for sep, provision of traffic info and traffic management as appropriate. These elements may be amended as the evolving traffic situation demands |
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Purpose of a clearance |
Prevent collision's Expedite and maintain an orderly flow of traffic |
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When must VFR flight plan be filed |
50nm off shore When an alerting service is required |
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What to do when Loss of Separation |
Restore separation asap Pass essential traffic info - Direction of flight - Type of aircraft - Level info - Position info Report incident in ADM section of MATS |
Don't Trust Light Pilots |
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Elements of a clearance (in order) |
Aircraft identification as shown on flight plan If appropriate reasons for unavailability route/level Authorisation to operate in controlled airspace in accordance to instructions issued Clearance limit Route instructions Level instructions Any other instructions or info required |
6 items |
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Compliance with clearance |
ATC clearances and instructions MUST be complied with. If clearance not suitable pilot my request amended clearance. |
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Who needs a clearance |
All ac pedesrtians or vehicles whishing to enter and operate on manouvering area controlled AD All flights operating in traffic circuit, t/o Lnd, at controlled AD All IFR in A C D VFR in C D Parachute descents in controlled airspace |
Airspace |
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Read back requirements of clearance |
Safety related parts of clearance and instructions Route clearance Operate on manouvering area at controlled AD- RWY clearance cross, line up RWY in use QNH SSR squark codes Level Headings/ speeds (radar) Frequency after freq change inst |
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Authorisation prases |
Cleared Reclearded Enter Leave Join Make Remain Operate |
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Clearance limit |
Described by specifying... Significant point AD of first intended landing Airspace boundary |
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Priorities |
Provided safety not jeopardized -Known state of emergency or impaired ops -Lnd or in final stages of approach over departing -Lnd or T/o has priority over departing |
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Priorities #2 |
Where practical at pilot request... -Ambulance or mercy mission -SAR -Civil defence, police emerg - Carriage of heads of state |
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Priorities #3 |
First in first served except... -More orderly flow or sig. economic benefit to numerous ac -RVSM approved ac for level allocation -Significant economic penalty to other ac -Operating in normal pattern -climbing preference over arriving -Other than normal pattern for operational reasons -IFR training when on final - Flight inspections - prior arrangement has been made |
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When may an ATC clearance be denied |
Traffic reasons - when ATC can't accommodate additional traffic Limitations of equipment Procedures Wx or environmental factors - on ac on ground wx below mins Emergencies
Instructed by ANS delivery manager clearance not withheld unless ac is on ground and is for entry into maneuvering area
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Types of Separation |
Vertical Horizontal Visual |
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What flights require separation |
All flights in class A IFR in C D IFR VFR in C IFR and SVFR SVFR when vis less 5km All flights t/o Lnd at a controlled AD to ensure RWY and wake turb minima achieved |
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Exeption to separation |
Not provided during daylight hrs in class D when flights have been cleared to climb or descend subject to maintaining own separation and remaining VMC |
Class D |
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When should standard ATC separations be increased |
Requested by pilot or considered necessary by the controller
Pilot reports severe turb or mt wave or ac is known to be entering area of turb Nav accuracy of ac may be impaired Failure of a nav aid reduces frequency of position&speed reports Ac coms failure Ac performance abnormal Ac subjected to unlawful interference |
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When may standard separations be reduced |
When visual inc visual composite sep is applied Military sep Ac in formation provided prior notice given to ACT or it's ac in distress and it's escort |
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What is essential traffic - word perfect |
Any controlled flights that are separated by less than specified horizontal or vert sep. Includes flights maintaining own sep in VMC
Don't Trust Light Pilots "Essential traffic", direction of flight, type ac, level info, position info |
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Standard vertical sep |
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2 ac operating below 5000ft in CTA what vertical sep |
Both aircraft M or L wake turb category. Lower ac must be VFR or SVFR at 4500 or below. Sep reduced to 500ft |
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Visual sep |
Only applied to ac in vicinity of ads 10nm Can reduce vert and horz sep standards when -controller can see both ac or -each ac can see each other and agree to maintain visual sep -an ac following another has sight of other ac and follows or pass behind ac |
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Composite visual sep |
When geographical,vertical or visual sep cannot be applied may apply geo and visual sep as long as... Controller has one ac in sight within 10nm and Other ac not in sight but has pilot or radar position report |
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Time IFR flight plan submitted prior to flight |
30 mins |
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What is flight rules Y |
Flight changes IFR to VFR |
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What is flight rules Z |
Flight VFR to IFR at predetermined point. |
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What is purpose of read backs |
To ascertain that the clearance or instruction has been correctly acknowledged by the flight crew and shall take immediate action to correct any discrepancies revealed in readback |
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Readability scale |
1 unreadable 2 readable now and then 3 readable with difficulty 4 readable 5 readable perfectly |
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When should flight inspection ac get priority over other ac |
When organised prior and has commenced Use of levels When established on final approach |
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Who gets flight information |
Any new or amended flight info affecting flight offered by ATS to ac
Provided with ATC service Provided with AFIS service Operated as IFR flight or VFR on an ICAO flight plan |
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Flight information general info -exam |
MET info sigmet speci taf amendments etc Traffic info Volcanoes Radioactive/ chemical releases Nav aids serviceability Change in Ad conditions or facilities Unmanned free balloons Other info likely to affect safety |
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When should IFR flights be informed of met, aid serviceability or NOTAMS |
On first contact with ATC info issued in preceding 60 mins passed on New amended flight info to active flights within 10 mins of receiving. |
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Requirements to pass traffic info |
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Table |
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Who is responsible for providing flight info |
Flights in class A C D - ATC unit IFR in G - FIC, AFIS, ATC VFR in G - FIC, AFIS |
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What are FIC areas of responsibility |
Northland Hawkes Bay - outside Napier/GS tower hrs of watch South Island Queenstown |
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5 elements of RTF traffic info message |
"Traffic" DTLP Direction, Type, Level, Position |
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What does traffic avoidance advice include |
Word suggest Vectoring Re routing Holding Altitude change |
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What is SARTIME |
Time nominated by the pilot at which search and rescue action is initiated if a SARTIME is not ammended or cancelled. Or VFR flight plan which SARTIME has been nominated has not been terminated. |
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Types of flight plans |
RPL repetitive flight plan EPL electronic flight plan FPL filed flight plan CPL current flight plan becomes current when aircraft is airborne and the plan has been activated |
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What is POB and when is it passed |
Persons on Board
Pilots should pass POB - departing ac prior to taxiing onto maneuvering area - arriving ac on establishing RTF with AD control or AFIS |
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VFR cruising levels and Flight levels |
More that 3000ft or 1000ft agl below 13,000ft Odd - Mag track 270 to 089 +500ft Even - Mag track 090 to 269 +500ft FL150 to FL275 North odd, South even plus 500ft |
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Who shall an alerting service be provided for |
All AD traffic when ATS in attendance Ac operating under flight plan Known by ATS to be in need of assistance Known or believed unlawful interference |
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AFTN priority indicators |
SS - distress message. Must respond within 5 mins DD - Urgency message FF - Movement and control message GG - Low priority or admin |
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Words that may be ommited from transmissions |
Surface Degrees Visibility Cloud and height Hectopascals |
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How to terminate VFR flight plan |
National briefing office 0800 IFIS on website Requesting any ATS service by RTF to terminate plan |
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Right of way rules |
Head on - both alter heading to right Converging - ac that has other on right gives way Overtaking - pass to right |
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Met minima |
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