Operations Management - Mariano - Six Sigma

Front 1

(1) Six Sigma is a methodology for _________.
(2) Six Sigma uses _______ and _______ to rationalize processes.
(3) Six Sigma changes companies from fixing broken products to fixing broken _______.
(4) What kinds of processes can be addressed by Six Sigma?
(5) What can be simultaneously obtained with Six Sigma?
(6) The best arguments in favor of Six Sigma are...
(7) In order to success in a Six Sigma project is is mandatory to ____

Back 1

(1) process improvement
(2) statistical techniques ; rigorous scientific method
(3) Processes
(4) Production, Administration, Services
(5) Cost reduction, quality improvement, customer satisfaction
(6) the results obtained
7. rigorously follow the methodology in all phases

Front 2

How do we work with six sigma?

Back 2

(1) Detect opportunities for improvement
(2) Create a multi-discipline group
(3) Apply methodology
(4) Follow and control the project
(5) Results variation
(6) Apply new process

Front 3

What is the Six Sigma Methodology?

Back 3

DMAIC cycle!
1 - Define
2 - Measure
3 - Analysis
4 - Improve
5 - Control

Front 4

What is the main thing you do in each phase of the six sigma methodology?

Back 4

1 - Define - set project boundaries
2 - Measure - calculate process capability
3 - Analysis - discover sources of variation
4 - Improve - determine cause and effect relationships
5 - Control - keep variation sources controlled

Front 5

Give more details on phase 1.

Back 5

DEFINE
1. Understand “WHAT” does the “CUSTOMER” need.
2. Translate this into “HOW” our product or service satisfies these requirements.
3. Determine those characteristics of the product or service that are critical to quality and cost.

Front 6

Give more details on phase 2

Back 6

MEASURE
1. Understand the process’ real performance.
2. Gather objective data:

Front 7

What is a statistical problem with process centering?

Back 7

Production processes are random in nature

Front 8

We need to talk about what process sigma is

Back 8

see image abbove

Front 9

Give more details on phase 3.

Back 9

ANALYSIS
Identify which input factors are the ones with the largest effect in process output.

Front 10

Give more details on phase 4

Back 10

IMPROVE
Conceive and validate change sin the process aimed at:
reducing/eliminating inefficiencies
reducing/eliminating defects

Front 11

Give more details of phase 5.

Back 11

Conceive mechanisms that guarantee the long lasting of improvements

Front 12

ASIDE FROM KNOWING THESE, WOULD BE HELPFUL IF YOU ALSO LOOK AT IMAGES IN THE SLIDES.
1. Which Six Sigma tool answers the question, which are the characteristics critical to quality (CTQ)?
2. ....how does the actual process look and what are the variables involved?
3. ....which variables are responsible for cost and quality?
4....what is the importance of these variables (e.g. defect per product type)?
5....how to define the variables of interest?
6. ...How can the variables of interest be measured?
7. ...is the measurement system adequate?
8. ...What do the measurements tell us?
9. ...how good is the actual process?
10. ...What are the causes responsible for process centering and variability?
11. ...What the relations between the variables that determine the performance of the process?

Back 12

1. Critical characteristics map
2. process diagram
3. cause and effect diagram
4. Trivial and Vital causes chart
5. variable definition tools
6.Measurement system analysis
7. Measurement system capability
8. Data gathering (e.g. probability plot)
9. Product capability analysis
10. Graphical Analyses (scatterplots) and Numerical analyses (e.g. numerical analysis of variance)
11. Process modeling (e.g. pareto chart, interaction plot, main effects plot)

Front 13

(1) What are the limitations to the tools / models?
(2) What tells us the variation that is allowable to the critical input variables?

Back 13

(1) Determining whether the errors of the model are acceptable
(2) operative tolerances

Front 14

Finally, what does stage 5 of the six sigma process look like?

Back 14

see image above

Front 15

What are the general pre-requirements to work with Six Sigma?

Back 15

Clear knowledge of the customer, process oriented management, clear knowledge of process performance

Front 16

What are the specific requirements to work with Six Sigma?

Back 16

1. Specific training at different levels (e.g. champions, black belts, etc)
2. Operative structure clearly established for 6 sigma (procedures for selecting, working, an devaluating improvement projects)
3. Management commitment
4. Key improvement projects are carried out with 6 sigma
5. customer focus, fact based decisions, scientific method, continuous improvement

Front 17

What are the general roles in Six Sigma methodology?

Back 17

see image above

Front 18

General idea of each role:
1. Champion
2. Master Black Belt
3. Black belt
4. Process owner

Back 18

1. lead improvement program
2. gives advice / training
3. assist champion
4. control process

Front 19

When implementing Six Sigma, what is the firs thing you should do?

Back 19

1. send a clear message throughout org about implementation and why / benefits. Explain the advans and disadvans of the ways of discpline and what's to be expected in the short and long term.

Front 20

How do you work with Six Sigma (e.g. continuous improvement)?

Back 20

1. Write down the Continuous Improvement Programme.
2. Develop/update a business metrics system.
3. Set upcriteris for project selection.
4. Develop/update a project management system.
5. Apply the “improvement process” to the selected projects.

Front 21

What is the process for project selection?

Back 21

see image above

Front 22

How do you determine cause and effect relationships to the updated processes?

Back 22

see image above

Front 23

What are the characteristics of a Six Sigma project? (6 things!)

Back 23

(1) Strategic objectives oriented ...and...
(2) Multi-departmental
(3) Limited extension
(4) Not atomized
(5) Not obvious solutions
(6) Related to other projects (sinergy) → aww, look how he spelled synergy!

Front 24

Project selection:
1. Choose with rational and ________ criteria.
2. Never put out subjects "________"
3. Choose a _______ number of projects.
4. Pay special attention to the selection of ________.

Back 24

1. objective - oriented
2. from the pocket
3. manageable
4. team-members

Front 25

PROJECT LAUNCH!
1. Clarify the team specific __________.
2. Specify all the ______ and ________ to
be considered by the team.
3. Set up the date when the project is _________.
4. Establish the available _________.

Back 25

1. objectives
2. restrictions and guidelines
3. to be finished
4. budget

Front 26

PROJECT FOLLOW-UP
1. Control the adequate compliment with : ______

Back 26

1. Project schedule

Front 27

PROJECT EVALUATION
1.Evaluation as a compendium of the _______ follow up performed.
2. Objective versus subjective evaluation. Carefully check the following:

Back 27

1. continuous
2. Carefully check:

Front 28

NEW PROCESS APPROVAL
1. Formalize new process with the following:

Back 28

1.
Documentation