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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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esophageal cancer symptoms
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**symptoms occur late when circumference is less than 13mm**
achalasia (benign spasm of lower esophageal sphincter with marked dilation of the esophagus) difficulty swallowing that is progressive, unremitting, and of short duration painful swallowing of food (odynophagia) regurgitation retrosternal or epigastric pain hematemesis melena |
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90% of esophageal cancers are _______________
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squamous cell carcinoma (adenocarcinoma otherwise)
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esophageal cancer metastasizes to...
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liver
lung pleura stomach peritoneum kidney adrenal gland bone brain |
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treatment of esophageal cancer
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**disease is often systemic at diagnosis with node involvement and mets**
surgery: curative or palliative radiation: alleviate obstruction, control pain, and restore swallowing chemo: administered with RT: 5FU, cisplatin, mitomycin C photodynamic therapy: IV administration of agent that sensitizes tumor to light at certain wavelengths (used in superficial and mucosal lesions) |
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physical exam findings: esophageal cancer
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horner's syndrome (mitotic pupils and ptosis of the eyelid, loss of sweating over affected side, enophthalmos [eyeball recession], exsanguinating hemorrhage with aortic erosion)
**Most common complaint - dyspnea** |
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gastric cancer symptoms
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epigastric discomfort
dysphagia early satiety persistent vomiting weight loss pain |
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gastric cancer metastasizes to the
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lymph nodes, omentum, spleen, liver, kidney, pancreas, bowel, and lung
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90% of gastric cancers are _________
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adenocarcinomas
most are at an advanced stage |
