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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of abortion
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Removal or expulsion of embryo or fetus from uterus
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Induced abortion
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Abortion by medical or surgical means to terminate pregnancy
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Spontaneous abortion
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Miscarriage
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Therapeutic abortion
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Induced abortion to preserve health of mother or terminate a nonviable pregnancy
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Elective abortion
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Abortion induced for any non-therapeutic reason
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Epidemiology of abortions
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Most in 20-29 age group
Highest rates in blacks and Hispanics Most before 9 weeks gestation Overall decline in abortion rates, but increase among minority women |
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Causes of abortion-related deaths
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Infection
Hemorrhage Embolism Anesthesia Overall, very safe Risk of mortality increases with increasing gestational age |
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Worldwide abortion epidemiology
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Similar abortion rates in developing countries
More unsafe abortions in developing countries - associated with high morbidity and mortaliy Rates are lowest where contraceptive use is high |
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Causes of death iwth unsafe abortion
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Hemorrhage
Infection Sepsis Damage to internal organs |
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Funding for abortions
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Limited Medicaid coverage - rape, incest, or life endangerment
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Methods of abortion in first trimester
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Vacuum aspiration
Sharp curettage - higher complication rate Medication |
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Second trimester abortion methods
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Dilation and evacuation
Hysterectomy Medical labor induction |
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Complications of abortion
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Infection - most common, treat with antibiotics
Bleeding Uterine perforation - rare Retained tissue |
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Drugs used in medical abortion
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Mifeprostone
Misoprostol |
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Mifeprostone
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Progesterone antagonist - blocks progesterone support of pregnancy
Sensitizes uterus to prostaglandins Softens cervix |
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Misoprostol
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Prostaglandin E1 analog
Vaginal misoprostol has better efficacy, more rapid expulsion, and lower side effects |
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Methotrexate
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Antimetabolite - blocks DHF reductase and inhibits cell growth
Inhibits the implantation process |
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Compllications of medical abortion
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Bleeding
Infection Incomplete abortion Failed abortion |
