Ob Ch 12 - Conception And Fetal Development

Front 1

A womans cousin gave birth to an infant with a congenital heart anomaly. The woman asks the nurse when such anomalies occur during development. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
a) We dont really know when such defects occur
b) It depends on what caused the defect
c) They occur between the third and fifth weeks of development
d) They usually occur in the first 2 weeks of development

Back 1

They occur between the third and fifth weeks of development

Front 2

A woman is 8 months pregnant. She tells the nurse that she knows her baby listens to her, but her husband things she is imagining things. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
a) Many women imagine what their baby is like
b) A baby in utero does respond to the mothers voice
c) Youll need to ask the doctor if the baby can hear yet
d) Thinking that your baby hears will help you bond with the baby

Back 2

A baby in utero does respond to the mothers voice

Front 3

A maternity nurse should be aware of which fact about the amniotic fluid?
a) It serves as a source of oral fluid and as a repository for waste from the fetus
b) The volume remains about the same throughout the term of a healthy pregnancy
c) A volume of less than 300ml is associated with gastrointestinal malformations
d) A volume of more than 2 L is associated with fetal renal abnormalities

Back 3

It serves as a source of oral fluid and as a repository for waste from the fetus

Front 4

Many parents to be have questions about multiple births. Maternity nurses should be able to tell them that:
a) Twinning and other multiple births are increasing because of the use of fertility drugs and delayed childbearing
b) Dizygotic twins (two fertilized ova) have the potential to be conjoined twins
c) Identical twins are more common in Caucasian families
d) Fraternal twins are same gender, usually male

Back 4

Twinning and other multiple births are increasing because of the use of fertility drugs and delayed childbearing

Front 5

The nurse caring for a pregnant woman knows that her health teaching regarding fetal circulation has been effective when the woman reports that she has been sleeping:
a) In a side lying position
b) On her back with a pillow under her knees
c) With the head of the bed elevated
d) On her abdomen

Back 5

In a side lying position

Front 6

A woman at 35 weeks of gestation has had an amniocentesis. The results reveal that surface-active phospholipids are present in the amniotic fluid. The nurse is aware that this finding indicates:
a) The fetus is at risk for Down syndrome
b) The woman is at high risk for developing preterm labor
c) Lung maturity
d) Meconium is present in the amniotic fluid

Back 6

Lung maturity

Front 7

Which time span delineates the appropriate length for a normal pregnancy?
a) 9 lunar months, 8.5 calendar months, 39 weeks, 272 days
b) 10 lunar months, 9 calendar months, 40 weeks, 280 days
c) 9 calendar months, 10 lunar months, 42 weeks, 294 days
d) 9 calendar months, 38 weeks 266 days

Back 7

10 lunar months, 9 calendar months, 40 weeks, 280 days

Front 8

Union of a single egg and sperm. It marks the beginning of a pregnancy.

Back 8

Conception

Front 9

__________ Male and female germ cell. The male germ cell is a _______ and the female germ cell is an _________.

Back 9

Gametes; sperm; ovum (egg)

Front 10

The process by which body cells replicate to yield two cells, each with the same genetic makeup as the parent cell.

Back 10

Mitosis

Front 11

The process by which germ cells divide and decrease their chromosome number by half.

Back 11

Meiosis

Front 12

A cell with 23 single chromosomes.

Back 12

Haploid

Front 13

A cell with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs.

Back 13

Diploid

Front 14

__________ Process whereby gametes are formed and mature. For the male the process is called ___________, and for the female the process is called ________________.

Back 14

Gametogenis; spermatogenesis; oogenesis

Front 15

Process of successful penetration of the membrane surrounding the ovum by a sperm.

Back 15

Fertilization

Front 16

The first cell of the new individual.

Back 16

Zygote

Front 17

A 16 cell solid ball of cells that develops within 3 days of fertlization.

Back 17

Morula

Front 18

__________ Term used to refer to the solid cell ball when a cavity becomes recognizable within it. The outer layer of cells surrounding this cavity is called the ____________.

Back 18

Blastocyst; trophoblast

Front 19

Attachment process whereby the blastocyst burrow into the endometrium at 6 to 10 days after conception.

Back 19

Implantation

Front 20

Finger like projections develop out of the trophoblast amd extend into the blood filled spaces of the endometrium

Back 20

Chorionic villi

Front 21

Term used to refer to the endometrium during pregnancy.

Back 21

Decidua

Front 22

Term used to refer to the developing baby from day 15 until about 8 weeks from conception.

Back 22

Embryo

Front 23

The term used to refer to the developing baby from 9 weeks of gestation to the end of the pregnancy.

Back 23

Fetus

Front 24

___________ Membranes that surround the developing baby and the fluid. The _______ is the outer layer of these membranes and _________ is the inner layer.

Back 24

Amniotic membranes; chorion; amnion

Front 25

__________ Fluid that surrounds the developing baby in utero. ____________ refers to a decreased amount of fluid (<300ml). _________ refers to an excessive amount of the fluid (>2L).

Back 25

Amniotic fluid; oligohydramnios; hydramnios

Front 26

__________ Structure that connects the developing baby to the placenta. It contains three vessels, namely, two _________ and one ______.

Back 26

Umbilical cord; arteries; vein

Front 27

What is the connective tissue that prevents compression of the blood vessels in the umbilical cord?

Back 27

Whartons jelly

Front 28

When the cord is wrapped around the fetal neck it is called a __________.

Back 28

Nuchal cord

Front 29

_____________ Structure composed of 15 to 20 lobes/areas called cotyledons; it serves as a means of metabolic exchange and produces several hormones including __________________ which is the hormone that is the basis of pregnancy tests.

Back 29

Placenta; human chorionic gonadotropin

Front 30

Capability of fetus to survive outside the uterus.

Back 30

Viability

Front 31

Special circulatory pathway that allows fetal blood to bypass the lungs.

Back 31

Ductus arteriosus

Front 32

Shunt that allows most of fetal blood to bypass the liver and pass into the inferior vena cava.

Back 32

Ductus venosus

Front 33

Opening between the atria of the fetal heart.

Back 33

Foramen ovale

Front 34

Formation of blood.

Back 34

Hematopoiesis

Front 35

_____________ Surface-active phospholipid that needs to be present in fetal/newborn lungs to facilitate breathing after birth. The ______________ ratio can be performed using amniotic fluid to determine fetal lung maturity.

Back 35

Surfactants; L/S

Front 36

Maternal perception of fetal movement that occurs sometime between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation.

Back 36

Quickening

Front 37

Dark green to black tarry substance that contains fetal waste products and accumulates in the fetal intestines.

Back 37

Meconium

Front 38

_________ Twins that are formed from two zygotes. They are also called ____________ twins.

Back 38

Dizygotic; fraternal

Front 39

__________ Twins that are formed from one fertilized ovum and then divides. They are also called _________ twins.

Back 39

Monozygotic; identical

Front 40

Environmental substances or exposures that cause abnormal fetal development.

Back 40

Teratogens

Front 41

The results of an amniocentesis show that the pregnant woman's L/S ratio is 2:1. This result indicates that:
a) The woman is in her second trimester of pregnancy
b) The newborn should be able to maintain effective respiration after birth
c) The fetus has most likely developed a renal problem
d) An open neural tube defect is present.

Back 41

The newborn should be able to maintain effective respiration after birth

Front 42

If a pregnant woman's intake of iron is sufficient, her newborn will have enough iron stored in its liver to last approximately how many months after birth?
a) 1 month
b) 3 months
c) 5 months
d) 9 months

Back 42

5 months

Front 43

When caring for a pregnant women, the nurse would recognize that a woman with which disorder has the greatest risk for giving birth to a macrosomic newborn?
a) Diabetes
b) Anemia
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Hypertension

Back 43

Diabetes