Week 4 Medium Flash Cards

Front 1

Lysine Iron Agar:

Symbol

Back 1

LIA.

Front 2

Lysine Iron Agar:

Substrate

Back 2

Lysine, Sulfer.

Front 3

Lysine Iron Agar:

Reaction

Back 3

Decarb.; Deamin., Red.

Front 4

Lysine Iron Agar:

Indicator

Back 4

Bomcresol Purple; Ferric Amm. Citrate.

Front 5

Lysine Iron Agar:

(+) Results

Back 5

Color change - 4 possible combinations.

Front 6

Lysine Iron Agar:

(-) Results

Back 6

No color change.

Front 7

Lysine Iron Agar:

Used to Isolate...

Back 7

Differentiate between Enterobacteriacaea.

- differentiate enterics based on

their ability to decarboxylate or

deaminate lysine and produce

hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

Front 8

Litmus Milk Medium:

Symbol

Back 8

None.

Front 9

Litmus Milk Medium:

Substrate

Back 9

Skim Milk (contains lactose [for fermentation] and Caesin [protein]).

Front 10

Litmus Milk Medium:

Reaction

Back 10

(1) Fermentation of Lactose

(2) Reduction of Linnus

(3) Coagulation of Casein

and (4) Hydrolysis of Caesin

(or, F.R.C.H.)

Front 11

Litmus Milk Medium:

Indicator

Back 11

Azolitmin

- its pink at pH 4.5 and blue at pH

8.3. Between these extremes it

is light purple.

Front 12

Litmus Milk Medium:

(+) Results

Back 12

Front 13

Litmus Milk Medium:

(-) Results

Back 13

No changes. (Light purple in color)

Front 14

Litmus Milk Medium:

Used to Isolate...

Back 14

Used primarily to differentiate members within the genus Clostridium.

Enterobacteriaceae from other Gram Negative bacilli (based on the ability of enterics to reduce litmus).

Litmus milk cultivates and maintains cultures of lactic acid bacteria.

Front 15

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

Symbol

Back 15

None.

Front 16

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

Substrate

Back 16

Antibiotics.

Front 17

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

Reaction

Back 17

Bacitracin - peptide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with transport of peptidoglycan subunits across the cytoplasmic membrane.

Novobiocin - interferes with ATPase activity associated with DNA gyrase, an enzyme necessary during DNA replication.

Optochin - derived from quinine that interferes with ATP synthase activity and ATP production in susceptible bacteria.

Front 18

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

Indicator

Back 18

None.

Front 19

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

(+) Results

Back 19

Growth next to the small circular piece of paper (6mm) that contains antibiotics.

(Which means the organism is resistant to thebantibiotic)

Front 20

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

(-) Results

Back 20

B - any zone of clearing 10 mm or greater around the disk is interpreted as bacitracin susceptibility.

N - a 5 µg disk (6mm in diameter) should produce a zone of clearing 16 mm or more for the organism to be considered novobiocin susceptible.

O - a 5 µg disk (6mm in diameter) should produce a zone of inhibition 14 mm or more for the organism to be considered optochin susceptible.

Front 21

Bacitracin, Novobiocin, and Optochin Susceptibility Tests:

Used to Isolate...

Back 21

B - differentiate/identify beta-hemolytic group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes-bacitracin susceptible) from other beta-hemolytic streptococci (bacitracin resistant). Differentiates the genus Staphylococcus (resistant) from the susceptible Micrococcus.

N - differentiate coagulase-negative staphylococci. Used to identify the novobiocin-resistant Staphylococcus Saprophyticus.

O - differentiate Streptococcus pneumoniae from other a-hemolytic streptococci. (It kills S. Pneumoniae)

Front 22

Coagulate Tests:

Symbol

Back 22

None.

Front 23

Coagulate Tests:

Substate

Back 23

Blood Plasma.

Front 24

Coagulate Tests:

Reaction

Back 24

Coagulation.

Front 25

Coagulate Tests:

Indicator

Back 25

None.

Front 26

Coagulate Tests:

(+) Results

Back 26

Agglutination.

Front 27

Coagulate Tests:

(-) Results

Back 27

No agglutination.

Front 28

Coagulate Tests:

Used to Isolate...

Back 28

Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus.

Front 29

Motility Test:

Symbol

Back 29

None.

Front 30

Motility Test:

Substrate

Back 30

None.

Front 31

Motility Test:

Reaction

Back 31

None.

Front 32

Motility Test:

Indicator

Back 32

Tetrazolium Salt (TTC).

Front 33

Motility Test:

(+) Results

Back 33

Red hazy media.

Front 34

Motility Test:

(-) Results

Back 34

Red only around stab.

Front 35

Motility Test:

Used to Isolate...

Back 35

Detect bacterial motility.

Front 36

Litmus Results Visual

Back 36

left to right:

alkaline reaction (K);

uninoculated control;

alkaline reaction (K);

digestion reaction (D);

acid clot production, gas production, and reduction reaction (ACGR);

acid reaction (A);

acid reaction, curd production (with whey, the clear liquid, on the surface.)

The clear liquid on the surfaces of the (D) and (ACGR) tubes is mineral oil to promote anaerobic growth.

Front 37

Litmus Chart if Results

Back 37

Front 38

Bacitracin

Back 38

The organism above has no clear zone and is resistant (R); the organism below has a clear zone larger than 10 mm and is susceptible (S). (The disks themselves are usually 6 mm.)

Front 39

Novobiocin

Back 39

A novobiocin-resistant organism (R) is on the left; a susceptible organism (S) is on the right.

Front 40

Optochin

Back 40

The zone of inhibition surrounding the disk indicates susceptibility to optochin and presumptive identification of S. pneumoniae.

Front 41

Lysine Visual Results

Back 41

Left to Right:

R/A;

K/A, H2S, (note the small amount of black precipitate near the middle and the gas production from glucose fermentation at the base);

uninoculated control;

K/K (obscured by the black precipitate), H2S.

Front 42

Lysine Results Chart

Back 42