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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Glucose+Glucose= |
Maltose |
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Galactose+Fructose |
Sucrose |
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"table sugar" |
Sucrose |
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Carbohydrates contain... |
Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen |
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Carb function... |
Energy storage Structure |
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All carbs are derived from... |
Glucose |
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Starch and fiber are... |
Complex carbohydrates Also called polysaccharides |
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Can human enzymes break down starch? |
Yes |
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Can human enzymes break down fiber? |
No |
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Is fiber an energy source? |
No |
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The simple carbohydrates are... |
Sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) |
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The disaccharides are... |
Sucrose Lactose Maltose |
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The monosaccharides are... |
Glucose Fructose Galactose |
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Lactose is the only _____ derived carbohydrate. |
Animal |
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A ______ plant milk is a good alternative for lactose-intolerant people. |
Calcium-fortified |
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_____ is found in fruit naturally. |
Fructose |
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Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, gum, mucilage, lignin are all forms of... |
Fiber |
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Fiber comes only from ____ foods. |
Plant |
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Structural fiber is generally... |
Insoluble |
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Bran from whole grains like whole wheat and brown rice are examples of... |
Structural fiber |
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Reduces diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, appendicitis, and colorectal cancer. |
Structural fiber |
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Keeps more water in the L. intestine, which eases elimination. |
Structural fiber |
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_____ ⬇️ heart disease, ⬇️blood cholesterol by binding ____ and drawing it out of our bodies. |
Fiber Bile |
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______ ⬇️ diabetes by normalizing blood _____. |
Fiber Glucose |
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Most whole foods that are high in fiber are usually ___ calorie. |
Low |
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Too much fiber can make it hard to... |
Absorb minerals (iron, zinc, calcium) |
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DRI for carbohydrates... |
130g/day 45-65% of total calories |
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What are the only animal foods with carbohydrates? |
Milk and milk products |
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Where is fructose found naturally? |
Fruit |
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Why can calories from pure added sugar be a problem, even if you don't go over your total calories? |
Because soda and candy, etc. do not provide fiber, vitamins, or phytochemicals |
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Immune protective fiber is generally... soluble or insoluble? |
Soluble |
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Soluble fiber reduces... |
Heart disease Blood cholesterol Diabetes Constipation Obesity |
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To get the optimal amt. of fiber focus on getting... |
-the recommended amts. of fruits and veggies -whole grains |
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Carbohydrate Food Sources... |
Fruits Vegetables Legumes Nuts Grains Some dairy |
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Benefits of Dietary carbohydrates... |
Provides GLUCOSE to fuel brain & other cells (brain can't use fat) |
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A low carb diet jeopardizes... |
Fuel supply for brain and RBCs |
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Digestion and absorption of starch starts in the _____ and ends in the _____. |
Mouth Sm. Intestine |
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Refined carbs are digested faster and drive blood glucose... |
Up faster and higher |
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Refined carbs examples are... |
White bread White rice Sweets |
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When blood glucose rises the _____ responds by making ______. |
Pancreas Insulin |
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Type I diabetes is caused... |
When the immune system destroys part of the pancreas that makes insulin |
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Type II diabetes is caused by... |
1. Body fatness 2. Lack of exercise 3. Genetics |
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Health complications of diabetes... |
Heart Attack and stroke doubles Amputations, kidney failure, blindness |
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Is Type II diabetes caused by no insulin or insulin resistance? |
Insulin resistance |
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Most effective way to prevent Type II diabetes... |
Weight control |
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Symptoms of Diabetes... |
Excessive urination Weakness Craving food, especially sweets Blurred vision |
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Control diabetes with... |
Low-fat diet (low carb is NOT recommended) Portion control |
