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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens when a food is refined?
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You remove something from the food
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The higher the fiber, the higher the complex cards.....
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The fuller you will be.
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Higher fiber=
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Lower fats
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What happens when a food is fortified?
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You add something back to the food, but it is not in its original state.
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Myth: Carbs make us fat.
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Truth: Its what we add to it or how we cook it that determines how fat we get.
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1/2 cup to 1 cup=
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1 serving of carbs
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If using regular bread, 1 sandwich =
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2 servings of carbs
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Name a significant animal source of carbs.
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Lactose
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Where can we find fiber?
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It is found exclusively in plants and is indigestable, we don't really digest our fiber.
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Statement:
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Sugar-free products can have a laxative effect.
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Soluble:
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It becomes a gel. It will clog you up if you have diarhea. This type of fiber has a thickening effect.
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Insoluble:
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It doesn't mix; it detaches itself from the water. Comes from seeds, brans, stringy vegetables, celery and squash
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What is the main product for regulation?
Soluble or insoluble? |
Insoluble.
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what type of combination can be successful for weight loss?
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water and high fiber.
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Statement:
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With grains, fruits and vegetables, you will increase your carb intake, but they will be good carbs.
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What do complex carbs provide?
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Satiety
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Statement:
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Other than dental caries, no disease has been associated with amount of carb in take. There is no RDA
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How much of your daily calorie intake should carbs be?
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55 to 60% of total caloric intake.
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What can the lack of fiber result in?
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Colon cancer
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What is the recommended amount of carbs needed to sustain life?
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100 grams a day/ 400 calories worth
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What happens if you don't use all of the carbs?
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They are stored as fat. If you are storing for energy,glycogen stores (happens first)
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In order for mucles to provide energy, what has to be present?
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Carbs
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What happens when we don't get enough carbs?
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We starve our body and too many ketones are produced. Ketosis results
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If a person has fruity breath, you might suspect that they are suffering from.....
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Ketosis
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Name some of the side effects of ketosis.
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* suppressed appetite
* breakdown of fat tissue * quick weight loss |
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What reaction is your body having when you go through ketosis?
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Your body is in malfunction mode, your liver is overworking to get rid of the ketones.
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Why is ketosis extremely dangerous for infants and children?
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It can result in brain disfunction and brain damage.
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Give a descrption of the Adkin's Diet
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High protein, no carbs, hypoglycemia (related to low carbs)
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What causes caries?
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A fermentable carb: breads, starches, processed foods, esp. candy.
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WHat is the main risk for caries?
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Frequency and duration of exposure, and the form of sugar.
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A coke contains what?
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20 minutes of acid productivity per sip
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4 grams of carbs =
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1 teaspoon of sugar
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Give an example of some of the natural sugars
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Xylitol, zorbitol, manitol
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What are polysaccharides?
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Complex carbs; sugars containing over 12 carbon atoms
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What is glycogen?
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The carbohydrate form of energy in humans
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What is lipogenisis?
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The process of converting glucose to fats
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What is hyperglycemia?
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Elevated blood sugar
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What is hypoglycemia?
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Low blood sugar
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What is phenylketonuria?
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A genetic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine
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Carbs are made by all plants from what?
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carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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These type of sugars contribute to the palatability of a food because of their sweetness?
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MOno and dissacharides
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Name the monosaccharides of greatest significance in the foods and body metabolism are?
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Glucose, fructose, and galactose
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Which monosaccharide is the sweetest?
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fructose
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what is another name for glucose?
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Dextrose or corn syrup. Naturally abundant in many fruits.
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Glucose?
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The principal product formed by the digestion of dissacharides and polysacharides. It provides energy for cells via the bloodstream.
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Another name for fructose?
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Levulose. Found naturally in honey anf fruits. A product of the digestion of sucrose
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Galactose?
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Product of lactose digestion (milk sugar). Legumes can also contain lactose
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Sugar alcohols?
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Also called polyols are formed from or coverted to sugar. Ex. sorbitol, xylitol or manitol may appear naturally in foods or be added by a manufacturer
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What does sugar alcohol do?
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Adds about the same amount of sweetness as glucose and the same amount of calories. Their advantage is that they do not contribute to tooth decay
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Why aren't disaccharides important in human metabolism?
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Because they contribute to body function only after they have been digested
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What is the most common form of sucrose?
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Granulated table sugar
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What is the sugar found in milk?
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Lactose
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This sugar does not occur naturally, also called malt sugar?
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Maltose. It is contained in bread making, beer brewing and some cereals
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what is the most plentiful insoluble polysaccharide found in plants?
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Cellulose
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When carbs are eaten in excess what occurs?
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Lipogenesis( process of converting glucose to fats) results in increased fat stores
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What is the optimal level of dietary fiber that a person should have daily?
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35 grams
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Why hasn't a specific requirement for carbs been astablished yet?
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Since amino acids and a portion of fats consumed can be converted to glucose
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Sugar substitutes
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They can reduce the caloric content and decrease cariogenicity of a product. Used in moderationm thse types of sugars can be benificial for many people especially those with diabetes
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