Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Starch |
storage form of glucose in plants, complex carb. |
|
|
Dietary fiber |
most complex form of carb. (14g/ 1000 cal) |
|
|
Glycemic load
|
low: below 10 middle: 11-19 high more than 20 |
|
|
Proteins |
needed for metabolism+ formation of tissue |
|
|
Protein Cont'd |
Made from combo of amino acids+ nitrogen |
|
|
Amino Acids |
1. Essential: the body cannot make in sufficient amounts 2. Conditionally Essential: based on body needs 3. Non-essential: body able to produce in sufficient amounts |
|
|
EAA |
1. Methionine: vegetarians need 2. Phenylalaine: found in aspartame all US infants are tested for PKU 3. Trypophan: found in turkey+milk, helps induce sleep |
|
|
Complete Protein |
all 9 essential amino acids |
|
|
Incomplete Protein |
Missing 1 or more amino acid |
|
|
Nitrogen Balance |
Positive: growth in childhood, pregnancy Equal: healthy adult, healthy diet Negative: under-nutrition, illness, trauma |
|
|
Protein Deficiency |
Muscle loss+ Lac of cal= use of amino acids for energy |
|
|
Protein Energy Malnutrion |
Kwashiorkor+ Marasmus |
|
|
Fats |
contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
|
|
Triglycerides |
made of 3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol 95% of fats we eat (normal= under 150, high=200-499) |
|
|
Carbon Chain Length |
12 or more= long 10-6= medium 6 or less= short |
|
|
Saturation |
more hydrogen |
|
|
Less Hydrogen |
MUFA + PUFA |
|
|
Higher carbon |
Higher calories |
|
|
Essential fatty acids |
be obtained by foods to maintain cell membranes, enzyme activity |
|
|
Sterols |
makes steroid hormones, bile, is part of cell membrane, made in liver |
|
|
Cholesterol |
under 200= good 200-239=boderline high over 240= high |
|
|
HDL |
GOOD- high amounts slow development of cardiovascular disease (over 60) |
|
|
LDL |
BAD- low amounts speed up cardiovascular disease ( under 70) |
|
|
Phospholipids |
part of cell membrane |
|
|
Fat- soluble vitamins |
Vitamins: A,D,E,K |
|
|
Water- soluble vitamins |
Vitamin C, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Folate Folic Acid, AND Vitamin B12 |
|
|
Minerals |
Calcium, Iodide, Iron,Potassium, Phosphorus, Sodium, and Fluoride |
