Nursing Fundamentals Test 2

Front 1

Active Listening

Back 1

demonstrating full attention to what is being said; hearing both the content being communicated and the unspoken language

Front 2

Activities of Daily Living

Back 2

acts that people normally do every day

Front 3

Advanced practice

Back 3

specialized areas of nursing expertise, such as nurse practitioner and nurse midwifery

Front 4

Art

Back 4

ability to perform an act skillfully

Front 5

Assessment skills

Back 5

acts that involve collecting data

Front 6

Capitation

Back 6

strategy for controlling health care costs by paying a fixed amount per member

Front 7

Caring skills

Back 7

nursing interventions that restore or maintain a person's health

Front 8

Clinical pathways

Back 8

standardized multidisciplinary plans for a specific diagnosis or procedure that identify specific aspects of care to be performed during a designated length of stay

Front 9

Comforting skills

Back 9

interventions that provide stability and security during a health crisis

Front 10

Counseling skills

Back 10

interventions that include communicating with clients, actively listening to the exchange of information, offering pertinent health teaching, and providing emotional support

Front 11

cross-trained

Back 11

ability to assume a non-nursing job position, depending on the census or levels of client acuity on any given day

Front 12

discharge planning

Back 12

managing trasitional needs and ensuring continuity

Front 13

empathy

Back 13

intuitive awareness of what the client is experiencing

Front 14

managed care practices

Back 14

cost-containment strategies used to plan and coordinate a client's care to avoid delays, unnecessary services, or overuse of expensive resources

Front 15

multicultural diversities

Back 15

unique characteristics of ethnic groups

Front 16

nursing skills

Back 16

activities unique to the practice of nursing

Front 17

nursing theory

Back 17

proposal detailing what is involved in the process of nursing

Front 18

primary care

Back 18

first health care worker or agency to assess a person with a health need

Front 19

quality assurance

Back 19

process of promoting care that reflects established agency standards

Front 20

science

Back 20

body of knowledge unique to a particular subject

Front 21

sympathy

Back 21

feeling as emotionally distraught as the client

Front 22

theory

Back 22

opinion, belief, or view that explains a process

Front 23

bag bath

Back 23

unique for bathing that involves the use of 8 to 10 premoistened, warmed, disposable cloths contained in a plastic bag

Front 24

bed bath

Back 24

washing with a basin of water at the bedside

Front 25

bridge

Back 25

dental device that replaaces on or several teeth

Front 26

caries

Back 26

dental cavities

Front 27

cuticles

Back 27

thin edge of skin at the base of the nail

Front 28

dentures

Back 28

artificial teeth

Front 29

gingivitis

Back 29

inflammation of the gums

Front 30

hygiene

Back 30

personal cleanliness practices that promote health

Front 31

integument

Back 31

covering

Front 32

opthalmologist

Back 32

medical doctor who treats eye disorders

Front 33

optometrist

Back 33

person who prescribes corrective vision lenses

Front 34

oral hygiene

Back 34

practices used to clean the mouth, especially the teeth

Front 35

partial bath

Back 35

washing only the areas of the body that are subject to the greates soiling or that are sources of body odor

Front 36

perineal care

Back 36

techniques used for cleansing the perineum

Front 37

periodontal disease

Back 37

condition that results in desruction of the tooth-supporting structures and jawbone

Front 38

plaque

Back 38

substance composed of mucin and other gritty substances that deposits on teeth

Front 39

podiatrist

Back 39

person with special training in careing for feet

Front 40

sordes

Back 40

dried crusts around the mouth containing mucus, microorganisms, and epithelial cells shed from the oral mucous membrane

Front 41

tartar

Back 41

hardened plaque

Front 42

towel bath

Back 42

technique for bathing in which a single large towel is used to cover and wash a client

Front 43

asphyxiation

Back 43

inability to breath

Front 44

drowning

Back 44

situation in which fluid occupies the airway and interferes with ventilation

Front 45

electrical shock

Back 45

discharge of electricity through the body

Front 46

environmental hazards

Back 46

potentially dangerous conditions in the physical surrounding

Front 47

fire plan

Back 47

procedure followed if there is a fire

Front 48

latex-safe environment

Back 48

room stocked with latex-free equipment and wiped clean of glove powder

Front 49

latex sensitivity

Back 49

allergic response to the proteins in latex

Front 50

macroshock

Back 50

harmless distribution of low-amperage elctricity over a large area of the body

Front 51

microshock

Back 51

low-voltage but high-amperage electricity

Front 52

poisoning

Back 52

injury caused by the ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of a toxic substance

Front 53

restraint alternatives

Back 53

protective or adaptive devices that promote client safety and postural support, but which the client can release independently

Front 54

restraints

Back 54

devices or chemicals that restrict movement or access to one's body

Front 55

safety

Back 55

measures that prevent accidents or unintentional injuries

Front 56

thermal burn

Back 56

skin injury caused by flames, hot liquids, or steam

Front 57

aerobic bacteria

Back 57

microorganisms that require oxygen to live

Front 58

anaerobic bacteria

Back 58

microorganisms that exist without oxygen

Front 59

antimicrobial agents

Back 59

chemicals that limit the number of infections microorganism by destroying them or suppressing their growth

Front 60

antiseptics

Back 60

chemicals such as alcohol that inhibit the growth of, but do not kill microorganisms

Front 61

aspesis

Back 61

practices that decrease or eliminate infectious agebnts, their reservoirs, and vehicles for transmission

Front 62

aspetic techniques

Back 62

measures that reduce or eliminate microorganisms

Front 63

biological defense mechanisms

Back 63

methods that prevent microorganisms from causing an infectious disorder

Front 64

chain of infection

Back 64

sequence that enables the spread of disease-producing microorganisms

Front 65

communicable diseases

Back 65

infectious diseases that can be transmitted to other people

Front 66

community-acquired infections

Back 66

infectious diseases that can be transmitted to other people

Front 67

concurrent disinfection

Back 67

measures that keep the client environment clean on a daily basis

Front 68

contagious diseases

Back 68

infectious diseases that cna be transmitted to ther people

Front 69

disinfectants

Back 69

chemicals that destroy active microorganisms but not spores

Front 70

exit route

Back 70

means by which microorganism escape from their orignial reservoir

Front 71

hand antisepsis

Back 71

removal and destruction of transient microorganisms from the hands

Front 72

handwashing

Back 72

aseptic practice that involves scrubbing the hands with plain soap or detergent, water, and friction

Front 73

medical antispesis

Back 73

practices that confine or reduce the numbers of microorganisms

Front 74

microorganisms

Back 74

living animals or plants visible only with a microscope

Front 75

mode of transmission

Back 75

manner in which infectious microorganisms move to another location

Front 76

nonpathogens

Back 76

harmless and beneficial microorganisms

Front 77

normal flora

Back 77

microorganisms that reside in and on humans

Front 78

nosocomial infections

Back 78

infections acquired while a person is being care for in a hospital or other health care agency

Front 79

opportunistic infections

Back 79

disorders caused by nonpathogens that occur in people with compromised health

Front 80

pathogens

Back 80

microorganisms that cause illness

Front 81

port of entry

Back 81

site where microorganism find their way into or onto the host

Front 82

reservoir

Back 82

place where microbes grown and reporduce providing a haven for sustaining microbial survival

Front 83

resident microorganism

Back 83

generally nonpathogens that are constantly present on the skin

Front 84

spore

Back 84

temporarily inactive microbial life form

Front 85

sterile field

Back 85

work area free of microorganisms

Front 86

sterile technicque

Back 86

practices that avoid contaminating microbe-free items

Front 87

sterilization

Back 87

physical and chemical technicques that destroy all microorganism, including spores

Front 88

surgical asepsis

Back 88

measures that render supplies and equipemnt totally free of microorganisms

Front 89

susceptible host

Back 89

one whose biologic deffense mechanisms are weakened in some ways

Front 90

terminal disinfection

Back 90

measures used to clean the clinet environment after discharge

Front 91

transient microorganisms

Back 91

pathogens picked up during brief contact with contaminated reservoirs

Front 92

viral load

Back 92

number of viral copies

Front 93

airborne precautions

Back 93

measures that reduce the risk of transmitting infectious agents via air

Front 94

colonization

Back 94

condition in which microorganisms are present but the host manifests no signs or symptoms of infection

Front 95

contact precautions

Back 95

measures used to block the trasmission of athogens by direct or indirect contact

Front 96

double bagging

Back 96

infection control measure in which one bag of contaminated items, such as trash or laundry, is placed within another

Front 97

droplet precautions

Back 97

measures that block pathogens in moist droplets large than 5 microns

Front 98

infection

Back 98

condition that results when microorganisms cuase injury to the host

Front 99

infection control precautions

Back 99

physical measures designed to curtail the spread of infectious diseases

Front 100

infectious diseases

Back 100

diseases spr4ead from one person to another

Front 101

personal protective equipment

Back 101

garments taht block the transfer of pathogens from one person, place, or object to onself or others

Front 102

standard precautions

Back 102

measures for reducing the risk of microorganism transmission from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection

Front 103

transmission-based precautions

Back 103

measures for controlling the spread of infectious agents from clients kknown to be or suspected of being infected with highly transmissible or epidemiologically important pathogens

Front 104

alignment

Back 104

proper relation of one part to another

Front 105

anatomical position

Back 105

standing with arms at the sides and palms forward

Front 106

balance

Back 106

steady position

Front 107

base of support

Back 107

area on which an object rests

Front 108

bed board

Back 108

rigid structure placed undera mattress

Front 109

body mechanics

Back 109

efficient use of the musculoskeletal system

Front 110

center of gravity

Back 110

point at which the mass of an object is centered

Front 111

contractures

Back 111

permanently shortened muscles that resist stretching

Front 112

disuse symdrom

Back 112

signs and symptoms that result from inactivity

Front 113

energy

Back 113

capacity to do work

Front 114

ergonomics

Back 114

field of engineering science devoted to promoting comfort, performance, and health in the workplace

Front 115

foot drop

Back 115

permanent dysfunctional position caused by shortening of the calf muscles and lengthening of th eopposing muscles on the anterior leg

Front 116

Fowler's position

Back 116

upright seated position

Front 117

functional mobility

Back 117

alignment that maintains the potential for movement and ambulation

Front 118

functional position

Back 118

position that promotes continued use and mobility

Front 119

gravity

Back 119

force that pulls objects toward the center of the earth

Front 120

lateral oblique position

Back 120

variation of a side-lying position

Front 121

lateral position

Back 121

side-lying position

Front 122

line of gravity

Back 122

imaginary vertical line that passes through a center of gravity

Front 123

muscle spasms

Back 123

sudden, forceful, involuntary muscle contractions`

Front 124

neutral positions

Back 124

limb that is turned neither toward nor away from the body's midline

Front 125

posture

Back 125

position of the body, or the way in which it is held

Front 126

prone position

Back 126

position in which the client lies on the abdomen

Front 127

repetitive strain injury

Back 127

disorders that result from cumulative trauma to the musculoskeletal system

Front 128

shearing

Back 128

force exerted against the surface and layers of the skin as tissues slide3 in opposite but parallel directions

Front 129

Sims' position

Back 129

lying on the left side with the chest leaning forward, the right knee bent toward the head, the right arm forward, and the left arm extended behind the body

Front 130

supine postition

Back 130

position in which the person lies on the back

Front 131

transfer

Back 131

moving a client from one place to another