Nursing: Chapter 7

Front 1

There has a been a shift from illness care to health promotion in nursing. True of False?

Back 1

TRUE

Front 2

What is Healthy People 2020 and its major purpose?

Back 2

"promote health and prevent illness, disability and premature death."

States national objectives "designed to identify the most significant preventable threats to health and to establish national goals to reduce these threats"

Front 3

What can be done to increase health promotion?

Back 3

-Education of individuals and communities

-Practice in community settings: school based clinics, prenatal and well-baby clinics, health departments

-Educational programs within traditional health care settings

Front 4

What do Maville and Huerta say about the definition of health promotion?

Back 4

a universally accepted definition of health promotion does not exist and that the phrase is often confused with or used synonymously for health education”

Front 5

Leavell and Clark's 3 levels of prevention.

Back 5

-Primary Prevention

Health promotion
Protection against specific health problems

-Secondary Prevention

Early identification of health problems
Prompt intervention to alleviate health problems

-Tertiary Prevention

Restoration & rehabilitation to an optimal level of functioning

Front 6

Health protection vs. health promotion.

Back 6

*Health Protection- is behavior motivated by a desire to actively avoid illness, detect it early, or maintain functioning within the constraints of illness.

*Health Promotion- is behavior motivated by a desire to increase well-being and actualize human potential.

Front 7

What are the two big goals of healthy people 2010?

Back 7

Increase quality and years of healthy life

Eliminate health disparities

Front 8

What is the vision of Healthy people 2020?

Back 8

A society in which all people live long, healthy lives

Front 9

What are the missions of Healthy People 2020?

Back 9

- Identify health improvement priorities

-Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health,disease, and disability and the opportunities for progress.

-Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, state, and local levels

-Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge

-Identify critical research, evaluation and data collection needs

Front 10

What are the overarching goals of healthy people 2020?

Back 10

Overarching Goals

-Attain high quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.

-Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
.
-Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.

-Promote quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across all life stages.

Front 11

Is infant mortality among African Americans higher than whites? If it is how much higher is it?

Back 11

Infant mortality (death rate) among African-Americans is more than double that of Whites.

Front 12

African-American have higher death rates than Whites in relation to what?

Back 12

Heart disease (40% higher)
Cancer (30% higher)
HIV/AIDS (700% higher)
Homicide (600% higher)

Front 13

What are passive activities for health promotion?

Back 13

The client is recipient of the health promotion effort.

Examples:
-Maintaining clean water
-Enforcing sewage regulations

Front 14

What are active activities for health promotion?

Back 14

The client adopts a program directed toward their health promotion.

Examples:
-Diet management program
-Stress reduction strategies
-Exercise programs

Front 15

What are the programs that can used for the promotion of health?

Back 15

-Information dissemination ( use of media to educate the public)

-Health risk appraisal and wellness assessment ( let individuals know of the risk factors that are inherent in their lives in order to motivate them to reduce specific risks and develop positive health habits)

-Lifestyle and behavioral change

-Environmental control programs

Front 16

List sites of health promotion.

Back 16

-Schools
-Community clinics
-Workplace
-Hospitals
-Shopping malls
-Community social/activity centers
-Day care centers
-Senior centers

Front 17

What are some websites that promote health?

Back 17

-www.webMD.com

http://www.cancer.org/

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/

http://www.diabetes.org/

http://www.lungusa.org/

http://www.alz.org/index.asp

Front 18

The Pender health-promotion model is based on what assumptions that______ (fill in the blank)

Back 18

7 Assumptions that “emphasize the active role of the client in shaping and maintaining health behaviors and modifying the environmental context for health behaviors”

Front 19

What are the 7 assumptions in Pender's Health Promotion Model?

Back 19

1-Persons seek to create conditions of living through which they can express their unique human potential.

2-Persons have the capacity for reflective self-awareness, including assessment of their own competencies.

3-Persons value growth in directions viewed as positive and attempt to achieve a personally acceptable balance between change and stability.

4-Individuals seek to actively regulate their behavior.

5-Individuals in all their biopyschosocial complexity interact with the environment, progressively transforming the environment and being transformed over time.

6-Health professionals constitute a part of the interpersonal environment that exerts influence on persons throughout their life span.

7-Self-initiated reconfiguration of person-environment interactive patterns is essential for behavior change.

Front 20

What are the components of Pender's Health Promotion Model?

Back 20

-Individual characteristics and experiences

- behavior specific cognition and affect

- commitment to a plan of action

- immediate competing demands and preferences -

-behavioral outcome.

Front 21

Describe the Individual characteristics and experiences component of penders model.

Back 21

Individual characteristics and experiences are unique to each person and influences his or her subsequent behavior.


*Prior Related Behavior – previous experiences, knowledge, skill in health promoting actions

*Personal Factors – biologic, psychologic, sociocultural factors

Front 22

Describe the Behavior specific conditions and affect component of penders model.

Back 22

*Perceived benefits of action – weight loss from a exercise program.

*Perceived barriers to action - time

*Perceived self-efficacy - conviction ( a person who is more confident about his/her abilities exert greater effort)

*Activity-related affect – muscle pain as demotivator

*Interpersonal influences – tooth brushing habits from childhood

*Situational influences – “no smoking signs" . An environment that contains cues or triggers for health promotion behaviors is a direct influence.

Front 23

Describe the commitment to a plan of action component of Penders model.

Back 23

Commitment to a Plan of Action – commitment and strategies

Front 24

Describe the immediate competing demands and preferences component of penders model.

Back 24

Immediate Competing Demands ( people have low level of control over – personal responsibilities)

and Preferences (high level of control – person chooses high fat option at restaurant over low fat option)

Front 25

Kulbok’s Resource Model of Preventive Health Behavior

Back 25

- People act in ways that maximize their stock in health.

-The greater a person's social and health resources, the more frequently the person will perform preventive behaviors.

Front 26

Describe Nueman's Systems Model

Back 26

Includes the levels of prevention and factors that strengthen a person’s lines or barriers of defense.

Front 27

Describe Prochaska and DiClemente’s Stage Model of Behavior Change

Back 27

-Precontemplation
-Contemplation
-Preparation
-Action
-Maintenance

These stages are cyclical.

Front 28

What are a Nurse's role as health promoter?

Back 28

-Advocate
-Educator
-Empowering agent
-Consultant
-Coordinator of care
-Members and leaders of the health profession
-Proactive change agent
-Provider of care
-Research user
-Role models of health-promotion

-Collaboration with
clients and their families
communities
physicians and other health care providers