Nurs 112 - Chapter 1 Historical Perspectives

Front 1

The traditional nursing role has always entailed humanistic caring, nurturing, comforting, and supporting. Where can these traits originally be traced back to?

Back 1

The traditional female role has always included the care and nurturing of other family members. Additionally, women were called on to care for others in the community who were ill.

Front 2

What Christian value had significant impact on the development of Western Nursing?

Back 2

"love thy neighbor as thyself"

Front 3

What was the contribution of several wealthy matron of the Roman Empire during the 3rd and 4th centuries?

Back 3

They converted to Christianity and used their wealth to provide houses of care and healing

Front 4

The Crusades saw the formation of several orders of knights. List 3.

Back 4

- Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem
- Teutonic Knights
- Knights of Saint Lazarus

Front 5

What order dedicated themselves to the care of people with leprosy, syphilis, and chronic skin conditions?

Back 5

Knights of Saint Lazarus

Front 6

What group of nursing providers were suppressed during the Middle ages by Western Churches, however resurfaced occasionally during the centuries?

Back 6

The deaconess groups

Front 7

What is the most notable resurfacing of the deaconess groups?

Back 7

In 1836 when Theodore Fliedner reinstituted the Order of Deaconess and opened a small hospital and training school in Kaisersweth, Germany (where Nightingale received her "training")

Front 8

During the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale is credited for reducing the mortality rate from ____% to ____% in the Barrack Hospital in Turkey.

Back 8

42% to 2%

Front 9

___________ and ___________ provided care and safety to slaves fleeing to the North on the Underground Railroad.

Back 9

Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth

Front 10

___________ and ____________ searched the battlefields and gave care to injured and dying soldiers during the American Civil War.

Back 10

Mother Biekerdyke and Clara Barton

Front 11

What 2 noted authors volunteered as nurses to give care to injured soldiers in military hospitals during the Civil War?

Back 11

Walt Whitman and Louisa May Alcott

Front 12

What woman provided care in the Civil War and became the Union's Superintendent of Female nurses (which was responsible for recruiting nurses and supervising the nursing care of all women nurses working in army hospitals)?

Back 12

Dorethea Dix

Front 13

The monument found in Arlington National Cemetery entitled "The Spirit of Nursing" honors who?

Back 13

the nurses who served in the US Armed Services in WWI

Front 14

WWII casualties created an acute shortage of caregivers. What was created in response to that?

Back 14

The Cadet Nurse Corps

Front 15

During which war did the establishment of auxiliary health care workers become prominent? (ie - nurse assistant, "practical nurse" technician, etc.)

Back 15

WWII

Front 16

Which war stations 11,000 women, of which 90% were nurses?

Back 16

Vietnam War

Front 17

Which war enlisted the youngest group of medical personnel ever, with many nurses volunteering immediately after they graduated nursing school?

Back 17

Vietnam War

Front 18

What was the prevailing attitude regarding women before the mid-1800's?

Back 18

a woman's place was in the home and no respectable woman should have a career

Front 19

What book and specific character reflected the attitude towards nurses during the 1800s?

Back 19

'Martin Chuzzlewit' by Charles Dickens. His character Sairy Gamp "cared" for the sick by neglecting them, stealing from them, and physically abusing them

Front 20

Who's work is largely considered to have brought respectability to the nursing profession?

Back 20

Florence Nightingale

Front 21

Nightingale's achievements in improving the standards for the care of war casualties earned her what title?

Back 21

"Lady with the Lamp"

Front 22

What 2 things contributed to Nightingale becoming an accomplished political nurse?

Back 22

Her efforts in reforming hospitals and in producing and implementing public health policies

Front 23

Who was the first nurse to exert political pressure on government?

Back 23

Florence Nightingale

Front 24

What is considered to be Nightingale's greatest achievement?

Back 24

contributions to nursing education

Front 25

Nightingale is recognized as nursing's first scientist-theorist for what specific work?

Back 25

'Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not'

Front 26

Where did Nightingale received 3 months' training in nursing?

Back 26

Kaiserswerth

Front 27

In 1853, Nightingale studied in Paris with who?

Back 27

Sisters of Charity

Front 28

What did Nightingale use the honorarium given to her by the English public for?

Back 28

to develop the Nightingale Training School for Nurses which opened in 1860

Front 29

__________ was a schoolteacher who volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War.

Back 29

Clara Barton

Front 30

Clara Barton is noted for her role in the establishment of what?

Back 30

The American Red Cross

Front 31

When did the American Red Cross link with the International Red Cross?

Back 31

In 1882 when the US Congress ratified the Treaty of Geneva (the Geneva Convention)

Front 32

Who was America's first trained Nurse?

Back 32

Linda Richards

Front 33

Who is known for introducing nurse's notes and doctor's orders, as when as initiating the practice of nurse's wearing uniforms?

Back 33

Linda Richards

Front 34

Who was the first African American professional nurse?

Back 34

Mary Mahoney

Front 35

Who is considered the found of public health nursing?

Back 35

Lillian Wald

Front 36

In what location did Lilian Wald offer trained nursing services to the poor?

Back 36

In her home, which was located in the New York slums among the poor (it was called the Henry Street Settlement and Visiting Nurse Service)

Front 37

What political activist, feminist, suffragette, and writer participated in protest movements for women's rights that resulted in the passage of the 19th amendment (women's right to vote)?

Back 37

Lavinia L. Dock

Front 38

What was Lavinia L. Dock's contribution to the profession of nursing?

Back 38

she campaigned for legislation to allow nurses rather than physicians to control their profession

Front 39

Who was imprisoned for opening the first birth control information clinic and is considered the founder of Planned Parenthood?

Back 39

Margaret Higgins Sanger

Front 40

Who established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS)?

Back 40

Mary Breckinridge