Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What drug converts plasminogen to plasmin which degrades the fibrin found in clots? |
Alteplase "t-PA" "Activate" |
|
|
(Indication) What drug manages high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) and is the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease? |
Atorvastatin "Lipitor" |
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of Atorvastatin (Lipitor)? |
Lipid-lowering agent |
|
|
What is the indication for use of Alteplase (t-PA/Activase)? |
MI, acute ischaemic stroke, occluded central lines |
|
|
What is the therapeutic class and pharmacological class of Alteplase? |
Therapeutic class: thrombolytics Pharmacological class: plasminogen activators |
|
|
What are two important nursing considerations of Alteplase? |
-Monitor patient closely for bleeding (petechiae) q 15min X1hr, q 15-30min X8hr -Assess neuro status during therapy |
|
|
What is the action of Atorvastatin? |
Lowers total cholesterol as well as LDL while slightly increasing HDL. Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase which plays a role in the liver in cholesterol formation. |
|
|
Trade name for Acetaminophen? |
Tylenol |
|
|
Indication for Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
Pain or fever |
|
|
Action of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins which play a role in transmission of pain signals and fever response. |
|
|
Therapeutic class of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
Antipyretic, non-opioid analgesic |
|
|
Antidote for Acetaminophen (Tylenol)? |
Acetadote |
|
|
Do not exceed ______g of acetaminophen per day to limit risk of liver, renal, and cardiac damage. |
4g |
|
|
(Indication) What drug could you give for genital herpes, herpes zoster, and chicken pox? |
Acyclovir (Zovirax) |
|
|
Action of acyclovir (Zovirax)? |
Interferes with viral DNA synthesis. |
|
|
Therapeutic class and pharmacologic class of acyclovir (Zovirax)? |
Therapeutic class: Antiviral Pharmacological class: purine analogues |
|
|
What drug may cause seizures, renal failure, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea? |
Acyclovir (Zovirax) |
|
|
Indication for albuterol (Proventil)? |
Bronchodilator used to prevent airway obstruction in asthma and COPD. |
|
|
Action of albuterol (Proventil)? |
Binds to Beta2 adrenergic receptors in the airway leading to relaxation of the smooth muscles in the airways. |
|
|
Therapeutic class and pharmacologic class of albuterol (Proventil)? |
Therapeutic class: bronchodilator Pharmacologic class: Adrenergic |
|
|
True or false: Albuterol (Proventil) may decrease the effectiveness of Beta Blockers. |
TRUE |
|
|
Use this bronchodilator drug with caution when patient has heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, or a seizure disorder. |
Albuterol (Proventil) |
|
|
Indication for alendronate (Fosamax)? |
Osteoporosis (aging, menopause, corticosteroid induced) |
|
|
Action of alendronate (Fosamax)? |
Inhibits osteoclast activity. |
|
|
Important nursing consideration for alendronate (Fosamax)? |
Take first thing in the morning with a full glass of water 30 minutes prior to eating. |
|
|
(Indication) What drug could be used for anxiety, panic dosorder, symptoms of PMS, insomnia, mania, or psychosis? |
Alprazolam (Xanax) |
|
|
What drug works in the CNS to produce anxiolytic effects cause CNS depression? |
Alprazolam (Xanax) |
|
|
Two medications similar to atorvastatin (Lipitor)? |
Simvistatin (Zocor) Rosuvastatin (Crestor) |
|
|
What drug should you monitor serum cholesterol before, about 4wks after starting, and frequently during therapy? |
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) |
|
|
T/F: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) may decrease risk for bleed with warfarin therapy? |
False |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacological class of alendronate (Fosamax)? |
Therapeutic class: Bone resorption inhibitor Pharmacological class: Biphosphnates |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacological class of alprazolam (Xanax)? |
Therapeutic class: antianxiety agent Pharmacological class: Benzodiazepine |
|
|
What drug should you use caution with when the patient has existing CNS depression, sleep apnea, renal dysfunction, or hepatic dysfunction? |
Alprazolam (Xanax) |
|
|
Antidote for alprazolam (Xanax)? |
Romazicon (lumazenil) |
|
|
Indication for amiodarone (Cordarone)? |
A-fib, ventricular arrhythmias, SVT, ACLS protocol for v-fib and v-tach |
|
|
What drug prolongs phase 3 of the action potential, makes the heart more tolerant to arrhythmias, inhibits adrenergic stimulation, slows rate, decreases peripheral vascular resistance causing vasodilation? |
Amiodarone (Cordarone) |
|
|
Therapeutic classes of amiodarone (cordarone)? |
Antiarrhythmic class all, potassium channel blocker |
|
|
What are some important nursing considerations for amiodarone (Cordarone)? |
-increases risk for QT prolongation -avoid drinking grapefruit juice -may lead to ARDS, pulmonary toxicity, CHF, bradycardia, hypotention |
|
|
Indication for amitryptiline (Elavil)? |
Depression, anxiety, insomnia, Parkinson's |
|
|
Action of amitryptiline (Elavil)? |
Increases effect of serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS, exhibits anticholinergic effects |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic classes of Amitryptiline (Elavil)? |
Therapeutic class: Antidepressant Pharmacologic class: tricyclic antidepressant |
|
|
Contradictions of Amitryptiline (Elavil)? |
MI, heart failure, QT prolongation, glaucoma. Also, do not use within 2 weeks of MAOIs. |
|
|
Trade name for Amlodipine |
Norvasc |
|
|
Indication for Amlodipine (Norvasc)? |
Hypertension, angina |
|
|
Action of Amlodipine (Norvasc)? |
Blocks transport of calcium into muscle cells inhibiting excitation and contraction. |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic classes of Amlodipine (Norvasc)? |
Therapeutic class: antihypertensive Pharmacologic class: Ca channel blocker |
|
|
Important nursing considerations of Amlodipine (Norvasc)? |
-May cause gingival hyperplasia -Assess characteristics of angina -Monitor BP and pulse prior to and during therapy |
|
|
Trade name of Amoxicillin? |
Moxatag |
|
|
Indication of Amoxicillin (Moxatag)? |
Skin infections, respiratory infections, sinusitis, endocarditis prophylaxis, Lyme disease |
|
|
Action of Amoxicillin (Moxatag)? |
Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall leading to cell death. |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic class of Amoxicillin (Moxatag)? |
Therapeutic class: anti-infectives, antiulcer agent Pharmacologic class: aminopenicillins |
|
|
Important nursing considerations for Amoxicillin (Moxatag)? |
-monitor patient for diarrhea, bloody stool should be reported immediately -contradicted with penicillin allergy -may cause seizures |
|
|
Trade name of ampicillin? |
Principen |
|
|
Indication for ampicillin (Principen)? |
Skin infections, soft tissue infections, otitis media, sinusitis, respiratory infections, genitourinary infections, meningitis, septicemia |
|
|
Action of ampicillin (Principen)? |
Bactericidal, broader spectrum than penicillin, binds to call wall leading to bacterial cell death |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic class of ampicillin (Principen)? |
Therapeutic class: anti-infective Pharmacologic class: aminopenicillin |
|
|
Important nursing considerations of ampicillin (Principen)? |
-Contraindicated in penicillin allergy -Use caution in renal insufficiency -May lead to seizures, diarrhea, anaphylaxis, super infection -Should not use with oral contraceptive |
|
|
Another name for acetylsalicylic acid? |
Asprin |
|
|
Indication for Asprin. |
Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ischemic stroke, MI prophylaxis |
|
|
Action of Aspirin |
Inhibits the production of prostaglandins which leads to a reduction of fever and inflammation, decreases platelet aggregation leading to a decrease in ischemic diseases |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic class of Aspirin? |
Therapeutic class: antipyretics, non-opioid analgesics Pharmacologic class: salicylates |
|
|
Important nursing considerations for Aspirin? |
-Use caution in bleeding disorders and chronic alcohol use -may lead to Stevens-Johnson syndrome, laryngeal edema and anaphylaxis -Increases bleed risk w/ warfarin, heparin, and clopidogrel |
|
|
Trade name for atenolol? |
Tenormin |
|
|
Indication for atenolol (Tenormin)? |
Hypertension, angina, prevention of MI |
|
|
Action of atenolol (Tenormin)? |
Blocks the stimulation of beta1 receptors in the SNS with minimal effect on beta2 receptors |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic classes of atenolol (Tenormin)? |
Therapeutic class: antianginal, antihypertensive Pharmacologic class: beta blocker |
|
|
Important nursing considerations for atenolol (Tenormin)? |
-Contraindicated in CHF, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia, heart block -May cause bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema -Monitor hemodynamic parameters (HR, BP) |
|
|
Indication for atropine? |
Decreases oral and respiratory secretions, treats sinus bradycardia and heart block, treatment of bronchospasm |
|
|
Action of atropine? |
Atropine is an anticholinergic which means that it inhibits the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system, specifically acetylcholine. This inhibition causes increase in HR, bronchodilation, decreased GI and respiratory secretions. |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic classes of atropine? |
Therapeutic class: antiarrhythmic Pharmacologic class: anticholinergic, antimuscarinic |
|
|
Important nursing considerations for atropine? |
-Avoid in acute hemorrhage, tachycardia, and angle closure glaucoma -Monitor patient for tachycardia and palpitations -Patients may experience constipation |
|
|
Trade name for azithromycin? |
Zithromax |
|
|
Indication for azithromycin (Zithromax)? |
URI, chronic bronchitis, lower respiratory infections, otitis media, skin infections, various STIs, prevention of bacterial endocarditis, treatment of cystic fibrosis |
|
|
Action of azithromycin (Zithromax)? |
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis |
|
|
Therapeutic and pharmacologic classes of azithromycin (Zithromax)? |
Therapeutic class: agents for atypical mycobacterium, anti-infectives Pharmacologic class: Macrolide |
|
|
Important nursing considerations for azithromycin (Zithromax)? |
-May lead to pseudomembranous colitis, pain, diarrhea, nausea, SJS, angioedema -May increase risk of warfarin toxicity -Instruct patient to notify physician for diarrhea, or blood or pus in stool |
