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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Normocytic Anemias |
Anemias with decreased RBC with normocytic and normochromic morphology. MCV is normal but Hgb and Hct are decreased |
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Define Pancytopenia |
decreased numbers of all cellular elements in the blood |
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what diseases feature Pancytopenia? |
Aplastic Anemia Infiltration of the Bone Marrow Inhibition or Ineffective Hematopoiesis Hypersplenism |
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Describe Aplastic Anemia |
depletion of cellular elements and replacement with fat in the bone marrow (hypoplasia). results in pancytopenia |
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Describe the classifications of Aplastic Anemias |
Inherited: Fanconi's anemia Acquired: Idiopathic or primary, secondary, (Chemical Agents, Drugs, Ionizing radiation, Infections) |
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Describe Fanconi's Anemia |
Inherited Aplastic Disease autosomal recessive Multiple chromosomal defects mental and physical abnormalities Hypoplasia and pancytopenia Usually fatal before Age 8 Very rare |
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Describe Primary Aplastic Anemia |
Idiopathic (cause unknown) accounts for 50% of cases |
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Describe Secondary Aplastic Anemias |
Caused by Damage to blast cells or stem cells by physical or chemical agents including: Chemical agents (Benzene, TNT, Arsenic, Insecticides, Weed Killers) Drugs (Chloramphenicol, penicillin, tetracycline) Analgesics Insecticides (Chlorophenothane) Ionizing Radiation (x-rays, gamma rays) Infections (AIDS, Hepititis, Epstein-Barr, Cytomegalovirus) |
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Outline the Laboratory Findings of Aplastic Anemia |
RBC decreased normochromic, normocytic Hct decreased Hb decreased WBC decreased, morph. normal PLT decreased, morph. normal Bone Marrow: hypoplasia |
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Outline the 3 phases of Post-Hemorrhagic Anemias |
up to 24 hours after blood loss: little evidence of anemia, loss of blood volume. Hgb, Hct, RBC normal 24-72 after blood loss: Normochromic Normocytic Anemia. Hb RBC Hct all decreased as blood volume is replaced by tissue fluids. After 72 hours: Normochromic Regenerative anemia. Reticulocytosis develops to replace lost RBCs |
