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25 Cards in this Set
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What were the five factors leading to confederation? |
1. Trouble with trade (reciprocity ended by us after trade pref was ended by BR) 2. Need for rail links (Grand Trunk) 3. Threat of American takeover 4. changing Br. attitudes 5. Fenians |
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Charlottetown conference (Sept. 1864)- who were the delegates from the two Canadas and what was the outcome? |
E: D'Arcey McGee, George Cartier, Alexander Galt W: George Brown, John A Macdonald They agreed to meet in October in Quebec city for another conference |
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What were Quebec Conference and the 72 Resolutions? when did the conference take place? |
October 1864:A conference that brought together delegates from BNA colonies to discuss confederation. Main outcome was 72 resolutions. They would have a strong central gov't that has the power to vito any provincial laws and anything new is on the fed. gov't agenda. |
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Who were the leaders of Canada east and what did they support? |
Pro: George Ettiene Cartier. He promised french-Canadians could keep language, schools, religion. Roman-Catholic church also urged Canada East into confed. Anti: A.A. Dorian. |
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Why was Canada West so in favour of confederation? 5 reasons |
1. They could trade intercolonially for free 2. They would assemble to become a large important nation 3. Could better defend against Fenians and Americans 4. Could afford to build Grand Trunk railway 5. would encourage immigration towards Canada |
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Leaders of Nova Scotia - who was pro and who was against? |
Pro: Charles Tupper Anti: Joseph Howe |
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What were the four factors that lead PEI to reject confederation initially? |
1. Having such a small population, they feared they would be swamped by others in the the union 2. Not interested in RR 3. small population, low representation in gov't 4. little mention of buying out absentee landlords |
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What were the four factors that caused New Brunswick to join? |
1. Encouragement from Br. Gov't 2. attacked by Fenians in 1866, want more protection 3. Need RR: Jobs, trade, defense, forestry and lands for settlement 4. US ended reciprocity agreement, now taxed |
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what were the five reasons Newfoundland didn't join? |
1. feared the federal gov't would put high tax on their boats, fish, and tackle (fishing equipment) 2. feared the fed. gov't would want to ship their young men out to war 3. Proud of Br. roots 4. RR is no use; they are an island 5. Canadians would get more trade because of cheaper goods |
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What were the two houses of government? |
Lower House (house of commons) upper house (senate) |
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How is the senate (upper house) structured? |
72 people sat in the senate; 24 from Quebec, 24 from Ontario, and 24 from the Maritimes. Members are appointed for life |
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How is the House of commons (lower house) structured? |
There was to be representation by population. provinces elect members to the house of commons on a basis of their population. Quebec is guaranteed 65 members to ensure that it will not be swamped by an English speaking msjority |
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Prime Minister - what was the function and role? |
They are the leader of the party with the most members in the house of commons. They are, beneath the governor general and Queen, in possession of the highest office in the country. They are also tasked with appointing cabinet ministers for each department of government. If they lose support from other members, they can have vote of no confidence |
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What was the London Conference? |
A conference where delegates from BNA worked with British officials to draft a confederation bill (winter 1866-67) |
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What was the British North America act? |
An act introduced to British parliament in the spring of 1867. It explained how the union would take place and how the country would be governed |
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What is the constitution act, 1867? |
it is what the British North America act is called today |
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Who were the four colonies that joined at the date of it's inception? |
Ontario (formerly Canada West), Quebec (formerly Canada east), New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. The act came into effect on July 1st, 1867 |
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Who signed the act creating Canada? |
Queen Victoria |
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What were some of the powers of provincial government? |
Education, property rights, mines and forests, licensing of business, hospitals and asylums, raising money by taxes (such as provincial sales tax) for provincial purposes, provincial courts and prisons |
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What are some of the powers of federal government? |
trade, defense, foreign affairs, banks, shipping, fisheries, criminal law, taxation, postal services, aboriginal peoples and their reserves |
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What is a subsidy? |
A grant from the central government to provincial ones, based on population, to be used to improve infrastructure |
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What is Rep. by Pop.? |
Different areas are to be represented differently in government based upon their population |
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What does maritime mean? |
By the sea. New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, PEI, and Newfoundland and Labrador are all maritime provinces |
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What does majority mean? |
Most; more than 50% |
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What is a Dominion? |
Similar to a kingdom. Comes from psalm 72 in bible "He shall have dominion from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth" |
