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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three T's? |
Text, transmission, translation |
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What are some of the texts of the new testament? |
Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Cheaster Beatty Papyri, Bodmer Papyri |
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Name Text types |
Majuscules (capital letter writings), minuscules (cursive style writing), lectionaries (sermons, praise literature) |
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What is Papyrus |
Plant from the Nile Delta pressed into a writing surface |
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What is the oxyrhynchus Papyri? |
Oldest fragments of NT Papyri found in an ancient dump with other documents (john 18) |
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What is paleography? |
Study of ancient handwriting |
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What is the Cheaster Beatty Papyri? |
Purchased by Beatty and now university of michigan. Contains gospel, acts, Epistles, and revelation |
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Bodmer Papyri |
Found by Martin Bodmer Preserved through Monistary |
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Codex sinaiticus |
Oldest known complete copy of the Greek NT (majuscule) |
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Text variants |
Changes in the text from common mistakes and intentional changes from the scribe |
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Codex? |
A crude "book" made from Papyrus |
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What are text families? |
Groups of text that can be identified by a common ancestor. |
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What is the canon of the NT? |
List of books which are acknowledged the rule of belief and practice |
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What are the Canon boundaries? |
1) must be true, not contradicting 2) must be written by an apostle or their associate 3) must be widely used among churches |
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What is the LXX? |
Septuagint, Greek translation |
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What is exegesis and eisegesis? |
Eisegesis: Reading into the text (applying own meaning) Exegesis: reading out of the text (the intention) |
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The two parts of textual criticism |
1) Internal (tendencies of scribes and NT author) 2) external (you don't count the manuscripts, you weigh them) |
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What are the three transmission scenarios? |
1) Motivation (Evangelism, Exhortation, and exigencies) 2) Dissemination (exchange, collections, copies) 3) manuscripts (scribal work, had errors) |
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Describe the second temple Jewish story |
Temple destroyed and Jews in Babylon
Babylon defeated by King Cyrus with persia, compliant with Jewish ways
Jews rebuilt the temple but their strength began to concern persia. They adopted Aramaic
Alexander the great took over and introduced hellenism quickly.
After his death his kingdom was split under his two generals, Ptolemy and Seleucid. Greek became common language
Seleucid founded Syrian Antioch and his descendants took bribes from priests, corrupting the temple
The Jews resisted the Hellenistic ways starting the maccabean revolt
Pompey the Roman Commander took Syrian Antioch. He desecrated the temple and injured the holy of holies
His son Herod took the throne and renovated the temple finished in 63 AD
Gessius Florus favored the Greeks over the jews, leading to a Jewish revolt
Titus took over and killed many and the temple was forever destroyed what are the two models of
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What are the models of canonization |
Extrinsic and intrinsic |
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Describe the extrinsic model |
The extrinsic model is that the Church imposed the idea of Canon on early Christianity due to various influences Tenets) There is no distinction between scripture and Canon New testament writers were unaware of their own authority Nothing in the early church led to the formation of Canon |
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What is the intrinsic model of canonization? |
The New testament Canon developed organically within the church Tenets) the New testament indicates that early Christians believed to written documents could be seen as divinely authoritative the New testament shows that early Christians did not assume all documents were divinely authoritative There are multiple scenarios within scripture of authors speaking to their authority |
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What was the motivation to write the gospels? |
Apostles begin dying |
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Who are the pharisees? |
Against Hellenism with strong religious piety. They were popular in Judea and practiced oral law |
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Who were the sadducees? |
Educated, rich, land owners benefiting from Roman occupation. they didn't want change, so they rejected the Pharisees and Jesus. They cared about their social position and success |
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Who were the Essenes? |
Isolated male small group separated from current culture. Valued personal discipline and purity and preparing the way for God |
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What is the sanhedrin? |
High council of 70 men who wanted success for Jerusalem and worked with the temple priest to bring order. |
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What is the patron and client relationship? |
Patrons when protect their client and offer benefits for services from their client in return such as in politics |
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What are the three classes in the Roman empire? |
Senators, million Equestrians, 400,000 Decurions, 100,000 |
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What is Livy's mythical origin story of Rome? |
Romulus and Remus are sons of a virgin priestess. They are demigods from the god mars. Instead of being drowned a wolf nurse them. They were then raised by a shepherd and reunited with their grandfather. they aimed to make their own City among the seven hills of rome. Romulus kills his brother and makes the place an asylum City to grow it. |
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What is the migrant origin of rome? |
The seven hills made a good place to land for migrants. |
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What is syncretism? |
The blending of cultures |
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What was Greco Roman religion not? |
Not centered on sacred writings Not separated from Roman government Not driven by ethical demands No concern for the afterlife Not limited to one God to care for |
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Describe the pyramid of divine power |
The one God (distant, unknowable) The great gods (Greek Roman mythology, Zeus) Diamonia, local gods (penates - household gods, lares - dead ancestors, genius - protected the family) Divine beings, demigods, immortals, heroes, emperor, people divinized by death Humans |
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Describe the afterlife in Greco-Roman religion |
You did not have a guaranteed good afterlife Religion secured life here and now Your soul is a shadow of existence reflected on earthly activities Hades, the afterlife not worth living "just there" |
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What were some of the activities for Greco-Roman religion? |
Prayer, sacrifice, pouring out wine before meals festival days, mystery religions |
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What was the danger of not caring for the Roman gods? |
It is a declaration that you don't care for Rome |
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What is extispicy? |
The reading of sacrificial intros. Is the organ healthy, in the right place, the right size? |
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Who is in auger? |
Hey Roman priest trained to interpret signs for the gods |
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What are oracles? |
Sacred places where a priestess would be filled with spirit and give response for payment |
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What is the relationship between Roman State and religion? |
The blessings come down from the gods if the nation worships them correctly |
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Who are the 7 emperors |
Augustus) caesars family through adoption Tiberius) emperor through jesus' life Caligula) parents took him in battlefield (little boots) Claudius) sends jews from Rome Nero) started great fire in rome Titus) Destroyed jewish temple in AD 70 Domitian) emperor on the throne during revelation |
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SPQR |
Signifying the people in the Senate of Rome when the people had voting rights and had a voice. Caligula made the empire less of a republic and people lost most of their voting rights and the acronym became nothing more than symbolic |
