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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is located in the tegmentum?
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- cranial nerve nuclei
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what cranial nerve is in the pons? which ones are at the pons/medullary junction?
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- V is in the pons
- VI, VII, VIII from medial to lateral are @ pons medullary junction |
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what cranial nerves does the corticobulbar pathway not synapse on? which nerve is it not bilateral in?
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- does not syanpse on III, IV, Vi
- not bilateral in VII |
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what is spinal nucleus V for?
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- pain & temperature for face & head
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what is the medial lemniscus formed from?
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- formed by axons of 2nd order neurons from cuneatus & gracilis
- internal arcuate fibers from these form cross and synapse & allow this to ascend into thalamus |
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what does dorsal motor X hold?
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- cell bodies of all parasympathetics to body except pelvis
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what does nucleus solitarius have? what cranial nerves is it receiving input from?
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- information about taste & sensory - information from viscera
- receiving input from VII, IX, X |
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what is the inferior cerebellar peduncle?
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- major communication between medulla & cerebellum
- receives input from medulla & spinal cord |
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where does the nucleus ambiguus receive input from?
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- receives input from the IX & X
- lesion would lead to hoarseness, difficulty swallowing |
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what happens to pain & temp in face with lateral medullary lesion?
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- ipsilateral loss of pain & temperature because of descending nucleus of V
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what does the middle cerebellar pudencle do?
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- brings information from cortex into cerebellum
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what does the sueprior cerebellar pudencle do?
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- output pathway from cerebellum
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where are the vestibular & cochlear nuclei in relationship to the inferior cerebellar peduncle?
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- vestibular is medial
- cochlear is lateral hanging over inferior cerebellar peduncle |
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_______ ganglion is where cell bodies are for cochlear nerve. _______ ganglion is where cell bodies are for vestibular nerve.
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- spiral ganglion
- vestibular ganglion |
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how is auditory information processed?
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- information from cochlear nucleus crosses midline in trapezoid body
- ascends in lateral lemniscus --> inferior colliculus --> medial geniculate --> auditory cortex |
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what is lateral lemniscus for?
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- for ascending autditory information to get to inferior colliculus --> medial geniculate --> auditory cortex
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what happens to your hearing if you have a lesion in the cortex?
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- will still be getting information from cortex will just be harder to localize the sound
- if hurt CNVII will be deaf in one ear |
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what is the facial colliculus?
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- formed from fibers of the facial nerve as they loop around VI
- bulge in caudal pons into the 4th ventricle |
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what is the pontine nuclei?
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- descending fibers from the cortex synapse here
- transmits information from the cortex to the cerebellum |
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pontine nuclei send their fibers up from the pons to the cortex forming the what?
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- the middle cerebellar penducle
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lateral gaze requires coordination of the extraocular muscles. Communication between CNVI & CN III is provided via what?
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- the MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus)
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what does the medial longitudinal fasiculus do?
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- provide communcation between CN VI & III
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what does PPRF do for lateral gaze?
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- tells the abducens nerve to contract at same time sends signal across midline to CN III so opposite eye will turn medially
- fiber going to other eye is provided by MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus) |
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how are neurons that control upper vs lower facial expression controlled?
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- neurons that control upper face receive bilateral corticobulbar innervation
- neurons that control lower face receive only contralateral innervation |
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a lesion of the corticobulbar tract does what the the face? lesion of CNVII?
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- lesion of corticobulbar tract results in paralysis of contralateral lower face (UMN)
- lesion of facial nucleus or CNVII results in ipsilateral facial paralysis (LMN) |
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what part of the pons does the trigeminal nerve enter?
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- enters at mid-pons
- have principal sensory & motor V |
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what is the only known nucleus that contains primary sensory neurons in the brainstem?
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- mesencephalic nucleus of V
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where is the nucleus of CN V located?
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- found throughout the brainstem
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what are the different aspects of the nuclei of CN V?
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- principal sensory relays touch, position, vibration
- spinal V relays pain & temperature - motor V innervates muscles of mastication |
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what does the mesencephalic nucleus of V do?
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- has processes that head out to the muscles of mastication & have central processes that head back to motor nucleus of 5
- primary neurons that sense what is going on in muscles of 5 |
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what does spinal V do?
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- heads down from the pons to the medulla & synapses in 2nd order neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus
- 2nd order neurons cross the midline and head up in the trigeminothalamic pathway - this is brining pain & temperature |
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how does the principal sensory nucleus of V travel?
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- in the pons, carries touch, vibration, pressure
- uses 2nd order neurons to cross the midline & heads up int he trigemino-thalamic tract (some head up on same side called dorsal trigeminothalamic pathway - some cross over) |
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how does the motor pathway of V work?
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- primary fibers in mesencephalic going out to muscles of mastication & central process heading up to nucleus of V to control bite
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what would be affected in a medial pontine lesion? what happens in lateral?
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- corticospinal & corticobulbar pathways
- VI fibers because they exit medially - in lateral VII could be affected |
