Neuroscience-Brain

Front 1

Cerebellar Peduncles are ___1__ that link ___2__

1.)

2.)

3.)

Back 1

1.)3 thick tracts

2.)thecerebellum with the brainstem.

3.) Superior cerebellar peduncles, Middle cerebellar peduncles, Inferior cerebellar peduncles

Front 2

Superior cerebellar peduncles connect:

Back 2

themesencephalon to the cerebellum

Front 3

Middle cerebellar peduncles connect:

Back 3

the pons tothe cerebellum

Front 4

Inferior cerebellar peduncles connect:

Back 4

the medulla oblongata to the cerebellum

Front 5

Cerebellar Peduncles is the connection where:

Back 5

information can travel between cerebellumand whatever it is connecting to.

Front 6

Cerebellum

1.) Develops from:

2.) Folia are:

3.) Left and right:

4.) each ____ has a:

5.) _____ separates the R & L cerebellar hemispheres.

6.) also receives:

7.) is the output to ______ and helps ______

8.) ______ lie ant/inf to cerebellar hemisphere

Back 6

1.) metencephalon

2.) folds

3.) cerebellar hemispheres

4.) hemisphere, anterior lobe andposterior lobe, separatedby primary fissure

5.) Vermis

6.) sensory input on the torsoposition and balance

7.) the vestibular nucleus, maintain balance.

8.) flocculonodular lobes

Front 7

Interior Cerebellum Consists Of:

Back 7

•Outergray matter

•Innerwhite matter

•Deepestgray matter

Front 8

Cerebellum contains:

Back 8

•Peduncles-Superior,middle, inferior

Front 9

Medulla Oblongata

1.) Themedulla oblongata contains _____ which group to form thefollowing centers:

Back 9

1.) several autonomic nuclei

Cardiac center—regulates heart rate and its strength of contraction

Vasomotor center—controls blood pressure by regulating the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the walls of arterioles

Respiratory center—regulatesrespiratory rate and is influenced by the apneusticand pneumotaxiccenters of the pons

Front 10

Other nuclei of the Medulla Oblongata are involved in:

Back 10

coughing, sneezing, salivation, swallowing, gagging, and vomiting

Front 11

Medulla Oblongata is the ______ part of thebrainstem, is formed from the:

Back 11

most inferior

myelencephalon

Front 12

1.) Medulla Oblongata- continues with:

2.) ______ portion of the medulla oblongata resembles the spinal cord

3.) Centralcanal of spinal cord extends ____ through the medulla and ________

Back 12

1.) spinal cord inferiorly –becomes spinal cord

2.) caudal

3.) rostrally, enlarges to become the fourth ventricle.

Front 13

Medulla Oblongata

1.) Has Pyramids which are:

2.) Decussation of the pyramids is:

3.) _______ connect medulla oblongata to the cerebellum.

4.) Inferiorolivarynucleus gives:

5.) Cranial Nerves:

Back 13

1.) corticospinal tracts.

2.) crossing over

3.) Paired inferior cerebellar peduncles

4.) proprioceptive information, to the cerebellar cortex

5.) CNVII,CNIX,CNX,CNXI,CNXII

Front 14

Where does the mediallemniscus first show?

Back 14

Medulla Oblongata

Front 15

Medulla Oblongata

1.) Nucleus cuneatus & gracilis:

2.) Mediallemniscus- Bandsof ______,decussatein the ______, projectsthrough _________.

Back 15

1.) somatic sensory information to the thalamus

2.) myelinated fibers

inferior region of the medulla oblongata

brainstem to ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus

Front 16

-somatic sensory information to the thalamus and are in the medulla

Back 16

Nucleus cuneatus & gracilis

Front 17

Pons

1.) ______ part of the ______ thatforms from part of metencephalon.

2.) has ________ tracts

Back 17

1.) anterior, brainstem, metencephalon

2. )Sensory and motor

Front 18

–anterior part of the brainstem thatforms from part of metencephalon.

Back 18

Pons

Front 19

connect the pons to the cerebellum

Back 19

Middle cerebellar peduncles

Front 20

Pons

-has ______ centers which consist of:

-the ______ center which controls: ______

–the ______ center which influences:____

-has _____ complex

Back 20

Autonomic respiratory

pneumotaxic

rate and depth of breathing

apneustic

the respiratory center in themedulla oblongata

-Superior olivarycomplex

Front 21

Pons cranial nerves:

Back 21

CNV, CNVI, CNVII, CN VIII

Front 22

Mesencephalon has three parts:

Back 22

•tegmentum, substantia nigra, tectum

Front 23

Mesencephalon

The tegementum

1.) is between:

2.) _____ and ____formation

3.) integrates information from:

4.) maintain:

Back 23

1.) the substantia nigra and the periaqueductal gray matter

2.) red nuclei and the reticular

3.) cerebrum and cerebellum

4.) posture

Front 24

Mesencephalon

-The substantianigra

1.) ________ withmesencephalon

2.) neurotransmitter ______

3.) ______ of cells = ________

Back 24

1.) bilaterally symmetrical nuclei

2.) dopamine

3.) Degeneration

4.) Parkinson's disease.

Front 25

Mesencephalon

-The tectum

1.) _____ region of mesencephalondorsal to _____ 2.) _____ plate (_____ plate)

________ colliculi(______ reflex centers)

_________ colliculi(______ reflex centers)

Back 25

1.) posterior, mesencephalic aqueduct

2.) tectal, quadrigeminal, superior, visual, inferior, auditory

Front 26

Mesencephalon

1.) _____ portion of brainstem

2.) _______ extends through the mesencephalon and connects _______ which is surrounded by ____

3.) Which nerves are housed here?

Back 26

1.)

2.) Cerebral aqueduct, third and fourth ventricles, periaqueductal gray matter

3.)Nuclei of oculomotor nerve (CN III) andtrochlear nerve (CN IV)

Front 27

Which nerves are housed within in the Mesencephalon?

Back 27

Nuclei of oculomotor nerve (CN III) andtrochlear nerve (CN IV)

Front 28

Regions of the Mesencephalon:

Back 28

Cerebral peduncles, Tegentum, Tectum and substantial nigra

Front 29

Regions of the Mesencephalon:

1.) Cerebral peduncles-______ brain stem where _______ information goes from _______

2.) Tegmentum involved w/ somatic motor to____ 3.) Substantia nigra produces _____ which is associated with _____ response.

4.) Tectum- 2 reflex centers here:

Back 29

1.) anterior, somatic, primary cortex to spinal cord (motor fibers going down)

2.) erector spinae muscles for posture

3.) dopamine, pain pleasure

4.) visual reflex- allows you to visually track something with your eyes –auditory reflex: allows head movement as a response to sound

Front 30

Motor control is where?

Back 30

in the front of body

Front 31

Connectsprosencephalonand cerebellum to spinal cord

Back 31

Brainstem

Front 32

Brainstem regions:

Back 32

–Mesencephalon

–Pons

–Medulla oblongata

Front 33

Thalamusis inside:

Back 33

insulas

Front 34

Functions of the Hypothalamus

1.) Master control of:

2.) Regulation of:

3.) Control of:

Back 34

1.) Automatic Nervous System and Endocrine System

2.) body temperature and sleep–wake (circadian) rhythms

3.) emotional behavior food and water intake

Front 35

Hypothalamus is the:

Back 35

MASTER CONTROLLER

Front 36

1.) Thehypothalamus is the anteroinferiorregion of the ______.

2.) Thethin, stalklike _______ extends _____ to attach to ______.

Back 36

1.) diencephalon

2.) infundibulum, inferiorly from hypothalamus,the pituitary gland

Front 37

Infundibulumconnects:

Back 37

hypothalamus to pituitary gland

Front 38

Thalamus

1.) The thalamusrefers to ______ that lie on each side of the _____ ventricle.

2.) they are Connected via:

3. ) is a ______ composed ofabout_______ to particularregions of the ______ cortex

Back 38

1.) paired oval masses of gray matter, 3rd

2.) interthalamic adhesion

3.) gray matter mass, a dozen or more thalamic nuclei with axons projecting, cerebral

Front 39

Thalamus

-What does the thalamus do?

1.)

2.)

3. )

Back 39

1.) Sensory impulses from all conscious senses except olfaction– most of the sensory that comes in through brain will stop at the thalamus, thalamus spreads it into your cerebrum

2.) Principal and final relay point for sensory information- spreads information to cerebrum

3.) Emotional information processing and awareness of emotional state (little shrink in your head)

Front 40

Epithalamus

1.) Partiallyforms ______ and covers the ________; 2.) components include:–Pineal gland – day-night cycle26–Habenularnuclei -visceralandemotional responses to melatonin

Back 40

1.) posterior roof of the diencephalon, he third ventricle

2.) Pineal gland – day-night cycle

Habenular nuclei -visceral and emotional responses to melatonin

Front 41

Pineal Gland is in _______

Pineal Gland makes the ________

Back 41

1.) Endocrine Gland

2.) Melatonin

Front 42

Components of the Diencephalon

Back 42

Epithalamus

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Front 43

Diencephalon is also called the:

Back 43

in between brain

Front 44

Optic Chiasm is the ____ portion of brain

Back 44

anterior

Front 45

Cerebral Nuclei

1.) pairedirregular masses of _____ buried deep within ______ inferior to floor of _____ ventricles. 2. )They contain the following components:

Back 45

1.) gray matter

central white matter in basal region of cerebral hemispheres

lateral

2.) caudate nucleus, amygdaloid body, lentiform nucleus, claustrum, corpus striatum

Front 46

1.) Caudatenucleus is:

2.) Amygdaloid body is:

3.) Lentiform nucleus iscomposed of what two things?

4.) Claustrum processes:

5.) Corpus Striatumis ______ appearance of internal capsule as it passes among the:

Back 46

1.) patterned arm and leg movements associated with walking

2.) expression of emotions, control of behavioral activities, development of moods

3.) -Putamen - subconscious muscular movement (moving without thinking about it) -globus pallidus - excites and inhibits activities of thalamus to control and adjust muscle tone

4.) visual information at a subconscious level

5.) striped, caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

Front 47

Cerebral Nuclei are also known as

Back 47

basal ganglia

Front 48

Most components of basal ganglia are associated with :

Back 48

movement

Front 49

Whenyou have cerebral nuclei dysfunction you are going to have:

Back 49

motor disorders associated with them

Front 50

1.) decreased movements are:

2.) increased movements are:

Back 50

1.) hypokineticdisorders

2.) hyperkinetic disorders

Front 51

what type of disorder is Parkinson's?

Back 51

basal ganglia- rigidity, slowness, resting tremor, masklike faces, shuffling gait

Front 52

3 Types of Parkinsons

Back 52

-(akinetic)Rigid -TriggerDominant -Mixedtype

Front 53

3 things associated with Basal GangliaDisorders

Back 53

chorea, Athitosis, Hemiballismus

Front 54

sudden jerky and purposeless movementsfound in people with Huntington’s chorea

Back 54

chorea

Front 55

slow rythingsnake like movements, especially of the fingers and wrists

Back 55

athetosis

Front 56

sudden wild flail like movement of onearm

Back 56

Hemiballismus

Front 57

Other things associated with basalganglia disorders:

Back 57

distonia, taretsand dikinetic CP