Neuroscience Blood Supply

Front 1

main artery supplying the spinal cord

Back 1

vertebral

Front 2

parts of the vertebral artery that supply the spinal cord

Back 2

anterior spinal, posterior spinal, segmental contributions from spinal arteries, radiculomedullary artery of Adamkiewicz

Front 3

main artery supplying the medulla

Back 3

vertebral

Front 4

parts of the vertebral artery that supply the medulla

Back 4

vertebral, anterior spinal, posterior spinal, posterior inferior cerebellar arteries

Front 5

main artery supplying the pons

Back 5

basilar artery

Front 6

parts of the basilar artery that supply the pons

Back 6

basilar, paramedian, and short circumferential; anterior inferior cerebellar; superior cerebellar arteries

Front 7

main artery supplying the midbrain

Back 7

basilar

Front 8

parts of the basilar artery that supply the midbrain

Back 8

superior cerebellar, posterior cerebral arteries

Front 9

what important structures are supplied by the anterior spinal artery in the spinal cord?

Back 9

ventral horn cells, axial descending motor systems, fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus, anterior commissure

Front 10

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the ventral horn cells of the spinal cord cause?

Back 10

fasciculations, diminished DTRs, weakness in muscles innervated by the damaged ventral horn cells

Front 11

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the axial descending motor systems of the spinal cord cause?

Back 11

poor control of trunk musculature below the level of the lesion

Front 12

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus of the spinal cord cause?

Back 12

partial diminution of touch and proprioception from levels below the area of lesion

Front 13

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the anterior commissure of the spinal cord cause?

Back 13

loss of pain and temperature from both sides of the body in dermatomes innervated by the lesioned segments of spinal cord

Front 14

what important structures are supplied by the posterior spinal artery in the spinal cord?

Back 14

anterolateral system, fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus, lateral corticospinal tract

Front 15

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the anterolateral system of the spinal cord cause?

Back 15

both: loss of pain and temperature from all levels below the injury, unilateral: opposite side below the level of lesion

Front 16

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the dorsal column system of the spinal cord cause?

Back 16

both: partial diminution of touch and proprioception below the level of the lesion, unilateral: same side below the level of lesion

Front 17

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the lateral cortiospinal tract of the spinal cord cause?

Back 17

both: paralysis/weakness of extremity muscles below the level of the lesion, unilateral: same side paralysis/weakness, increased DTRs in affected muscles

Front 18

what important structures are supplied by the anterior spinal artery in the lower medulla

Back 18

pyramids, pyramidal decussation, spinal accessory nucleus

Front 19

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the pyramids of the lower medulla cause?

Back 19

paralysis/weakness in the musculature of the extremities on the opposite side from the lesion, elevated DTRs

Front 20

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the pyramidal decussation of the lower medulla cause?

Back 20

paralysis/weakness in all four extremities, elevated DTRs

Front 21

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the spinal accessory nucleus of the lower medulla cause?

Back 21

weakness in the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles on the same side as the lesion, fasciculations, diminished DTRs

Front 22

what important structures are supplied by the vertebral artery in the lower medulla

Back 22

anterolateral system, dorsal spinocerebellar pathway, spinal trigeminal nucleus

Front 23

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the anterolateral system of the lower medulla cause?

Back 23

loss of pain and temperature fro the extremities and trunk on the opposite side of the lesion

Front 24

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the dorsal spinocerebellar pathway of the lower medulla cause?

Back 24

intention tremor and ataxia of the lower extremity on the same side as the lesion

Front 25

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the lower medulla cause?

Back 25

partial loss of pain and temperature from the face on the same side of the lesion

Front 26

what important structures are supplied by the posterior spinal artery in the lower medulla

Back 26

fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus, spinal trigeminal nucleus

Front 27

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the fasciculus gracilis of the lower medulla cause?

Back 27

loss of touch and conscious proprioception from the LE and trunk on the same side as the lesion

Front 28

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the fasciculus cuneatus of the lower medulla cause?

Back 28

loss of touch and conscious proprioception from UE and trunk on same side as the lesion, intention tremor and ataxia in UE on same side as the lesion

Front 29

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the lower medulla cause?

Back 29

partial loss of pain and temperature from the face on the same side of the lesion

Front 30

what important structures are supplied by the anterior spinal artery in the middle medulla

Back 30

pyramids, medial lemniscus, decussation of the medial lemniscus

Front 31

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the pyramids of the middle medulla cause?

Back 31

paralysis/weakness in the musculature of the extremities on the opposite side from the lesion, elevated DTRs

Front 32

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the medial lemniscus of the middle medulla cause?

Back 32

loss of touch and proprioception from the extremities/trunk opposite of the side of the lesion

Front 33

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the decussation of the medial lemniscus of the middle medulla cause?

Back 33

loss of touch and proprioception from all four extremities and the trunk

Front 34

what important structures are supplied by the vertebral artery in the middle medulla

Back 34

anterolateral system, dorsospinocerebellar pathway, spinal trigeminal nucleus, nucleus ambiguus

Front 35

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the anterolateral system of the middle medulla cause?

Back 35

loss of pain and temperature from the extremities and trunk on the opposite side of the lesion

Front 36

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the dorsal spinocerebellar pathway of the middle medulla cause?

Back 36

intention tremor and ataxia confined to the LE on the same side as the lesion

Front 37

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the middle medulla cause?

Back 37

partial loss of pain and temperature from the face on the same side as the lesion

Front 38

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the nucleus amiguus of the middle medulla cause?

Back 38

diminished strength in the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles same side of the throat as the lesion, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, diminished gag reflex, drooping palate towards side of the lesion

Front 39

what important structures are supplied by the posterior spinal artery in the middle medulla

Back 39

fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus

Front 40

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the fasciculus gracilis of the middle medulla cause?

Back 40

loss of touch and proprioception from the LE and trunk on the same side of the body as the lesion

Front 41

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior spinal artery in the fasciculus cuneatus of the middle medulla cause?

Back 41

loss of touch and proprioception from the UE and trunk on the same side of the body as the lesion, intention tremor and limb ataxia UE same side as lesion

Front 42

what important structures are supplied by the anterior spinal artery in the upper medulla

Back 42

pyramids, medial lemniscus, medial longitudinal fasciculus, hypoglossal nucleus

Front 43

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the medial longitudinal fasciculus of the upper medulla cause?

Back 43

central nystagmus

Front 44

what would cutting off blood supply of the anterior spinal artery in the hypoglossal nucleus of the upper medulla cause?

Back 44

weakness of the tongue muscles on the same side as the lesion, tongue will deviate towards the side of the damage

Front 45

what important structures are supplied by the vertebral artery in the upper medulla

Back 45

inferior olives

Front 46

what would cutting off blood supply of the vertebral artery in the inferior olives of the upper medulla cause?

Back 46

a possibility of diminished motor learning

Front 47

what important structures are supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the upper medulla

Back 47

nucleus ambiguus, spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract, anterolarteral system, solitary nucleus, vestibular nuclei, inferior cerebellar peduncle, descending axons from the hypothalamus, cochlear nuclei

Front 48

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the solitary nucleus of the upper medulla cause?

Back 48

loss of taste on the same of the tongue side as the lesion

Front 49

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the vestibular nuclei of the upper medulla cause?

Back 49

dizziness, vertigo, central nystagmus

Front 50

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the inferior cerebellar peduncle of the upper medulla cause?

Back 50

limb ataxia and intention tremor in UE and LE on the side of the lesion

Front 51

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the descending axons from the hypothalamus of the upper medulla cause?

Back 51

sympathetic damage to the face on the same side of the lesion (pseudoptosis, miosis, inability to sweat, and chronic flushing of the face)

AKA HORNER'S SYNDROME

Front 52

what disorder would damage to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery cause?

Back 52

Wallenberg's syndrome

Front 53

what would cutting off blood supply of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery in the cochlear nuclei of the upper medulla cause?

Back 53

sensorineural hearing loss on the same side as the lesion

Front 54

what important structures are supplied by the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery in the lower pons

Back 54

corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers, pontine fibers and the middle cerebellar peduncle, facial nerve, abducens nerve

Front 55

what would cutting off blood supply of the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery in the corticospinal/corticobulbar fibers of the lower pons cause?

Back 55

spinal: paralysis/weakness in the musculature of the extremities on the opposite side of the lesion, elevated DTRs; bulbar: deviation towards the side of weakness

Front 56

what would cutting off blood supply of the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery in the potine fibers/middle cerebellar peduncles of the lower pons cause?

Back 56

intention tremor, limb ataxia, disdiadochokinesia, or hypermetria on the same side as the lesion

Front 57

what would cutting off blood supply of the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery in the facial nerve of the lower pons cause?

Back 57

facial paralysis on the same side as the lesion

Front 58

what would cutting off blood supply of the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery in the abducens nerve of the lower pons cause?

Back 58

paralysis of the abducens nerve on the same side as the lesion

Front 59

what disorder does damage to the the paramedian and short circumferential branches of the basilar artery the lower pons cause?

Back 59

Millard Gubler syndrome