Neuropsychology For Eppp - Psychopharmacology

Front 1

How long before most anti-depressants become effective?

Back 1

2-3 weeks, though some may take up to 6 weeks to exert full effect

Front 2

Imipramine (tofranil), clomipramine (anafranil), and amitryptaline (elavil) are all antidepressants of this type

Back 2

tricyclics

Front 3

Tricyclics are particularly effective in treating what type of depressive symptoms, and what other symptoms?

Back 3

vegetative depressive symptoms, as well as panic attacks, agoraphobia, and obsessions, chronic pain, binging & purging, and enuresis

Front 4

Which antidepressants carry a risk of death if overdosed?

Back 4

tricyclics & MAOIs

Front 5

Prozac, Paxil, and Zoloft are among the _____ class of antidepressants?

Back 5

SSRIs

Front 6

SSRIs are effective in treating what in addition to depression?

Back 6

OCD, binge eating, and anxiety disorders.

Front 7

SSRIs have a warning label since 2004. Why?

Back 7

increased risk of suicidal thinking and bx in children and adolescents.

Front 8

What’s the main reason MAOIs aren’t prescribed often?

Back 8

side effect of potentially fatal hypertensive crisis when taken with foods containing high levels of the amino acid tyramine

Front 9

Effexor (Venlafaxine) and Cymbalta (Duloxetine) are not SSRI’s, rather, they’re ______, and increase the levels of which neurotransmitters at the synapse?

Back 9

SSNRIs, serotonin & norepinephrine

Front 10

Serzone (nefazadone) and Desyrel (trazadone) are what kind of antidepressant?

Back 10

serotonin-2 antagonist and reuptake inhibitors

Front 11

Remeron (Mirtazipine) is what kind of antidepressant, and is effective for treating depression accompanied by what?

Back 11

tetracyclic, esp effective in treating depression with anxiety or sleep problems, and chronic pain.

Front 12

Wellbutrin, Zyban (buproprion) is prescribed for _____, ______, _______

Back 12

depression, smoking cessation, and ADHD

Front 13

Strattera (atomoxetine) is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) that’s prescribed for ______ as well as _______

Back 13

depression as well as ADHD.

Front 14

One side effect of lithium is tremor which occurs in about ____% of patients, mostly affecting ______

Back 14

35% of pxs, affecting the fingers.

Front 15

Too high a dose of lithium can be toxic, leading to symptoms including

Back 15

diarrhea, tremor, ataxia, seizures, coma, death.

Front 16

Traditional or conventional antipsychotics work by…?

Back 16

blocking dopamine receptors

Front 17

Thorazine, haldol, mellaril, and prolixin are all examples of

Back 17

traditional/conventional antipsychotics

Front 18

Conventional antipsychotics are best used in treating?

Back 18

positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Front 19

Atypical antipsychotics advantages are…

Back 19

it treats both positive and negative symptoms and no extrapyramidal side effects, e.g., no tardive dyskinesia.

Front 20

Tardive dyskinesia usually shows up at least ___ months after commencing with ______

Back 20

6 months, traditional antipsychotics

Front 21

One of the most serious (and potentially fatal) side effects of both traditional and atypical antipsychotics is _____?

Back 21

NMS (neuroleptic malignant syndrome) with symptoms including muscle rigidity, high fever, sweating, stupor, unstable blood pressure

Front 22

Valium (diazepam), Xanax (alprazolam), Klonopin (clonazepam), Ativan (lorazepam), and Halcion (triazolam) are all from this class of drugs

Back 22

benodiazepines (antianxiety)

Front 23

Benzo’s work by

Back 23

enhancing activity of GABA

Front 24

What’s the fatal danger in benzo’s?

Back 24

mixing a benzo with alcohol or some other CNS depressant can be fatal

Front 25

Barbituates used to be used to treat ______ but it’s rarer now because _____

Back 25

anxiety, they’re addictive and are the drug of choice for suicide (by overdosing). Barbituates + alcohol = REALLY dangerous for lethality

Front 26

Beta-blockers are great for _____?

Back 26

anxiety, particularly related to public speaking or performance anxiety.

Front 27

What meds are used to treat ADHD?

Back 27

Psychostimulants including Ritalin (methylphenidate) and Cylert (pemoline)

Front 28

What class of antidepressants can have anticholinergic side effects?

Back 28

Tricyclics

Front 29

Remeron (Mirtazipine)'s side effects

Back 29

1) drowsiness
2) weight gain

(doesn't have anticholinergic SE's of other anti-depressants b/c of it's unique tetracyclic structure)