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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the components of the ventricular system?
2 lateral ventricles

Third ventricle

Fourth ventricle
Where are the different ventricles located?
Lateral ventricles: Telancephelon (cerebral hemispheres)

Third ventricle: Diencephelon

Fourth ventricle: Hindbrain
(between cerebellum, pons, and rostral medulla)
What are the divisions of the lateral ventricles?
Anterior (frontal) horn
Body (central part)
Atrium (trigone)
Posterior (occipital) horn
Inferior (temporal) horn
What are the boundaries of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle?
Medially: septum pallucidum, fornix, genu of corpus callosum

Laterally: Head of the caudate

Floor: Rostrum of corpus callosum
What are the boundaries of the body of the lateral ventricle?
Extends from foramen of Monro to splenium of corpus callosum

Medially: Septum pallucidum

Laterally: Adjacent to caudate nucleus

Roof: Corpus callosum

Floor: thalamus and choroid plexus
What are the boundaries of the atrium of the lateral ventricles?
Posterior: Occipital horn of lateral ventricle

Superior: Body of lateral ventricle

Inferior: Temporal horn of lateral ventricle
What are the boundaries of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricles?
Medially: Calcar avis
What are the boundaries of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricles?
Roof: tapetum of corpus callosum

Medially: Tail of the caudate nucleus and hippocampus
What is connected by the interventricular foramen of Monro?
Each lateral ventricle and the third ventricle
What is connected by the cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius?
Third and fourth ventricle
What are the boundaries of the third ventricle?
Bilaterally by thalamus dorsally and hypothalamus ventrally.

Anterior: lamina terminalis with anterior commissure dorsally and optic recess ventrally.

Posteriorly: infrapineal recess dorsally and suprapineal recess ventrally.
What are the boundaries of the fourth ventricle?
Roof: superior and inferior medullary vela and superior cerebellar peduncles.

Laterally: 3 cerebellar peduncles

Floor: pons and rostral medulla
Where is choroid plexus found?
Lateral ventricle
-Body, atrium and inferior horn

Third ventricle

Fourth ventricle

Cerebral aqueduct

Interventricular foramen of Monro
Where does CSF exit the fourth ventricle?
Median aperture (foramen of Magendie)

Lateral apertures (Foramina of Luschka)

Central canal
Where is the cisterna magna found?
Posterior to the medulla and caudal to the cerebellum.
Where is the quadrigeminal cistern located?
Over the tectum of the midbrain.
What is the location of the interpeduncular cistern?
Straddling the interpeduncular fossa, anteriorly bounded by the membrane of Liliequist.
Where is the chiasmatic cistern found?
Surrounding the optic chiasm and pituitary stalk.
What is the location of the callosal cistern?
Immediately adjacent to the corpus callosum.
Where is the sylvian cistern located?
Filling the lateral (or sylvian) fissure.
Where is CSF sampled during a CSF tap?
Normally below the LV2 lumbar SP.
Where is CSF sampled during a ventriculostomy?
Lateral ventricle
Where is CSF sampled during a lateral C1-2 puncture?
Cervical subarachnoid space
Where is CSF sampled during a cisternal tap?
Cisterna Magna
How much CSF is circulating at one time?
150 ml
How much CSF is found in the ventricles?
25 ml
How much CSF is in the subarachnoid space?
50 ml
How much CSF is in the cistern?
75 ml
Where is CSF produced?
Most formed in choroid plexus, some produced by the flow of interstitial fluid over the ependymal lining of the ventricles?
Where is CSF absorbed?
CSF is absorbed in the arachnoid granulations (mostly in the superior sagittal sinus).
What is the composition of CSF in the ventricles?
15 mg protein/100 ml
75 mg glucose/100 ml
What is the composition of CSF in the lumbar cistern?
45 mg protein/100 ml
60 mg glucose/100 ml
Where does obstructive hydrocephalus occur?
Within or from the ventricular pathway.
-Foramen of Monro, cerebral aqueduct and outlet of the fourth ventricle.
Where does communicating hydrocephalus occur?
After CSF has exited the ventricles.
-Subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi and cisternal pathways.