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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypesthesia
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Decrease in sensation in response to stimulation of sensory nerves.
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Analgesia
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Absence of sense of pain without loss of consciousness.
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Hyperesthesia
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Increase in sensation in response to stimulation of sensory nerves.
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Dysesthesia
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Distortion of a sense - especially touch.
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Allodynia
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Pain arising from astimulus that normally isn't painful.
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Pathway from periphery to cortex
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peripheral nerve, plexus, nerve root, sensory tract, thalamus, cerebral cortex.
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Pain/temp fibers
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Small, slow nerve fibers. Many unmyelinated. Synapse with spinothalamic tract.
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Well-localized touch/pressure. Conscious proprioception fibers
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Large, heavily myelinated.
DCML |
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Unconscious proprioception - muscle stretch (spindles) or tension (tendon organ)
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Heavily myelinated. Contrib to reflexes and go to cerebellum. Hard to test these.
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Stocking and globe pattern of sensory loss
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Seen in polyneuropathy.
Sensory loss gets to mid-calf before fingers start to get involved. Hard to walk when eyes are closed. |
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Hemianesthesia
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Damage to tracts, thalamus, cortex.
e.g. mass pushing on the spinal cord. the most lateral of the cord corresponds to the furthest structures. |
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Brown-Sequard pattern of sensory loss
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When entire one side of the spinal cord has a lesion. Pain and temp loss is contralaterally lost but normal touch, vibration, proprio is lost on the ipsilateral side.
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Vest-like loss of pain/temp
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Intramedullary lesion-means inside a bone. Via a lesion of spinal cord (e.g. syringemyelia - fluid accum around spinal cord) or tumor. Bilateral loss in shoulders/arms. Really like a shawl, not a vest.
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Brainstem damage
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Spinal trigeminal (ipsilateral pain and temp of face) and spinothalamic (pain and temp of body but contralateral) will be affected.
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Dorsal great toe |
L5
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Lateral heel |
S1
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Below medial knee |
L4
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Near thumb |
C6
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Middle finger |
C7
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Areas in distal extremities that are supplied by one nerve root:
Small digit |
C8
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Tactile agnosia
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Can feel an object but not recog it. One example is astereognosia.
Through parietal lobe. |
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Romberg sign
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Swaying with arms extended and eyes closed when standing. Coordination depends on proprioception. A sensory loss.
DUe to polyneuropathy or dorsal column damage. |
