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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Structure and function of the brain (Nervous Tissue) |
Structure and function of the brain (Nervous Tissue) |
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Neurons |
- Basic components of the nervous system - Functional units of nervous tissue - Responds to, transmits, and communicates stimuli |
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Nerve |
- A cord-like structure composed of bundles of neuronal axons - Transfers sensory information to the CNS, motor information from the CNS, or both. |
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Neuroglia |
- Supports and protects neurons - Forms a connective tissue around nerve cells |
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3 types of neurons |
- Sensory neurons - Interneurons - Motor neurons |
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Sensory neurons |
- Transmit stimuli from the body to the CNS - Afferent |
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Interneurons |
- Remain in the CNS - Responsible for processing and storing information - Association neurons |
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Motor neurons |
- Transmit stimuli from the CNS to the body - Efferent |
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The basic structure of a neuron |
- Soma (Nissl bodies, Cytoskeleton) - Dendrites - Hillock - Axon - Myelin Sheath - Terminal Arborizations |
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Structural classification of a neuron |
- Unipolar - Bipolar - Multipolar |
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Unipolar neurons |
- Pseudounipolar - Dendrites and single axon |
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Bipolar neurons |
- One dendrite and one axon |
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Multipolar neurons |
- Multiple dendrites and single axon |
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Four main types of neuroglia (CNS) |
- Astrocytes - Oligodendrocytes - Microglial cells - Ependymal cells |
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Two types of neuroglia (PNS) |
- Schwann cells - Satellite cells |
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Ganglion |
- A cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS |
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Nucleus |
- A cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS |
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Nerve |
- A bundle of axons in the PNS |
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Tract |
- A binder of axons in the CNS |
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Grey matter |
- Consists of unmyelinated axons, neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals,supporting neuroglia, and blood vessels. |
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White matter |
- Consists of myelinated axons and blood vessels |
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Nerve fibre |
- Formed by the axon of a neuron (nerve cell) and, when myelinated, by its myelin sheath. - Contains axons |
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Nerve fascicle |
- Formed by groups of nerve fibers embedded in endoneurium and held together byperineurium. - Contains nerve fibres |
