Nervous System Review

Front 1

Neuron

Back 1

Nerve cell, transmits information throughout the body

Front 2

Dendrites

Back 2

Part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons

Front 3

Axon

Back 3

Part of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses

Front 4

Nerve

Back 4

Bundle of neurons

Front 5

Membrane potential

Back 5

The difference in electrical charge across a cell membrane

Front 6

Resting potential

Back 6

The membrane potential of a neuron at rest

Front 7

Action potential

Back 7

Nerve impulse

Front 8

Synapse

Back 8

A junction at which a neuron meets another cell

Front 9

Neurotransmitter

Back 9

A signal molecule that transmits nerve impulses across synapses

Front 10

Motor neuron

Back 10

Carries motor responses from the CNS to muscles, glands and other organs

Front 11

Cerebrum

Back 11

Site of capacity for learning, memory perception and intellectual function

Front 12

Central nervous system

Back 12

Consists of brain and spinal cord

Front 13

Thalamus

Back 13

Relays sensory information

Front 14

Spinal cord

Back 14

Dense cable of nervous tissue that runs through the vertebral column

Front 15

Brain

Back 15

The body's main processing center

Front 16

Peripheral Nervous system

Back 16

Contains neurons that branch through the body

Front 17

Sensory neuron

Back 17

Carries information from sense organs to the CNS

Front 18

Hypothalamus

Back 18

Regulates breathing, heart rate and endocrine functions

Front 19

Interneurons

Back 19

Link neurons to each other

Front 20

Brain stem

Back 20

Collection of structures leading down to spinal cord

Front 21

Cerebellum

Back 21

Regulates balance, posture and movement

Front 22

Reflex

Back 22

A sudden, rapid and involuntary self protective motor response

Front 23

Back 23

Front 24

Spinal cord

Back 24

Front 25

Reflex Arc

Back 25

Front 26

Cerebellum

Back 26

Monitors muscle tone and position and coordinates new muscle movement

Front 27

Medulla oblongata

Back 27

Regulates vital functions of heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and reflex center for coughing, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting

Front 28

Thalamus

Back 28

Relay station that receives sensory nerve impulses from optic nerves and sends them to visual centers in the occipital lobe

Front 29

Pituitary gland

Back 29

Regulates growth and development of all endocrine glands

Front 30

Corpus callosum

Back 30

Connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum and allows them to communicate and coordinate their actions

Front 31

Pons

Back 31

Relays sensory and motor information, role in breathing

Front 32

Spinal cord

Back 32

Allows nerve impulses to travel to and from the brain, controls reflexes

Front 33

Cerebrum

Back 33

Conscious, thought, memory, senses, language

Front 34

Hypothalamus

Back 34

Produces ADH and oxytocin. Coordinates activites of pons and medulla oblongata. Co told heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, body temp, sensations of hunger and thirst, circadian rhythm, emotions and response to emotions and fight or flight response

Front 35

Frontal Lobe

Back 35

Controls some body movements, reasoning, judgement and emotions

Front 36

Occipital lobe

Back 36

Sense of vision

Front 37

Temporal lobe

Back 37

Sense of hearing

Front 38

Parietal

Back 38

Interprets sensations of pain, pressure, touch, hot and cold