Nervous System Drugs

Front 1

Made of the brain and spinal cord

Back 1

Central Nervous System

Front 2

Connects brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body

Back 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Front 3

3 functions of the nervous system

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1. Sensory
2. Integrative
3. Motor

Front 4

Communication in the nervous system happens at the

Back 4

synapses

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"Fight or Flight"

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Sympathetic Nervous System

Front 6

"Feed and Breed"

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Parasympathetic Nervous System

Front 7

Neurotransmitter that releases ACh

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Cholinergic

Front 8

Neurotransmitter that releases norepinepherine, epinepherine, or dopamine

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Adrenergic

Front 9

deals with the preganglionic neurons in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and the parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

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Cholinergic Neurotransmitters

Front 10

deals with the sympathetic postganglionic neurons and adrenal medulla

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Adrenergic Neurotransmitters

Front 11

Acts the same as the sympathetic nervous system

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Sympathomimetic

Front 12

Acts the same as the Parasympathetic Nervous System

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Parasympathomimetic

Front 13

Acts the opposite of the Sympathetic Nervous System

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Sympatholytic

Front 14

Acts the opposite of the Parasympathetic Nervous System

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Parasympatholytic

Front 15

Enhances or increases effects of the Sympathetic Nervous System

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Adrenergic Agonist

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Enhances or increases effects of the Parasympathetic Nervous System

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Cholinergic Agonist

Front 17

Works against the Sympathetic Nervous System

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Adrenergic Antagonist

Front 18

Works against the Parasympathetic Nervous System

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Anticholinergic

Front 19

tries to protect the brain from harmful chemicals and prevents entry of certain meds

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Blood-brain Barrier

Front 20

Full effects aren't usually achieved until several weeks after starting medication

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Therapeutic Effects

Front 21

Less of a response to a medicine

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Tolerance

Front 22

If one is physically dependent on a drug, they must

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be gradually winged-off of the medicine. Cannot just stop altogether.

Front 23

If one is in respiratory depression or arrest...

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continuously monitor vital signs and have resuscitation equipment ready

Front 24

If one is in GI distress...

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Administer drug with food if acceptable

Front 25

If one has Dyskinesias...

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Decrease dosage of med

Front 26

If one has orthostatic hypotension...

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Minotor BP and teach patient to get up or change positions slowly.

Front 27

If one has drowsiness or sedation...

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Avoid use of other CNS depressants such as alcohol and avoid hazardous activities

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If one suffers from Psychosis...

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Administer antipsychotic medication

Front 29

Harmful to a fetus

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Teratogenic

Front 30

Term that means toxic to the liver. Watch for annorexia, nausea and vomiting, Abdominal pain, and jaundice

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Hepatotoxicity

Front 31

If one suffers from Hepatoxicity...

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Monitor labs, teach client to observe for signs, avoid alcohol.

Front 32

Anticholinergic effects:

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dry mouth, visual disurbances, acute urinary retention, constipation, tachycardia

Front 33

If one suffers from Anticholinergic Effects...

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Assess patient for urinary retention, monitor I&O's, advise patient to increase fluids and fiber, advise to chew sugarless gum

Front 34

Drugs that release NE and DA into the CNS. Used for ADD/ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity, weight reduction:

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Ritalin, Concerta, Adderall

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CNS Stimulants

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Ritalin, Concerta, Adderall

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Side effects include insomnia, restlessness, weight loss, cardiovascular effects

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CNS Stimulants

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Meds that treat or prevent seizures

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Antiepileptics

Front 38

Abnormal electrical activity in the brain

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Seizure

Front 39

You would want to avoid grapefruit juice when taking this med

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Tegretol

Front 40

This med can causes hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis

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Depakote

Front 41

Med given for status epilepticus

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Dilantin

Front 42

Involuntary Eye Movement

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Nystagmus

Front 43

Lack of muscle coordination

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Ataxia

Front 44

Respiration depression can result in

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a coma

Front 45

Signs of toxicity:

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Nystagmus, Ataxia, Respiratory Depression, Pinpoint Pupils

Front 46

Tegretol, Depakote, Neurontin, Luminal, Dilantin, Valium, and Ativan are all examples of

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Antiepileptics

Front 47

If given this medicine IV, give very slowly to prevent dysrhythmias

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Dilantin

Front 48

Side effects include Gingival hyperplasia, skin rash, teratogenic, CNS effects

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Dilantin

Front 49

Side effects include respiratory depression, anterograde amnesia, teratogenic

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Valium and Ativan

Front 50

Side effects include CNS effects, blood dyscrasias, teratogenic, skin disorders

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Tegretol

Front 51

Side effects include GI Effects, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia

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Depakote

Front 52

General education you would teach when patient is taking an antiepileptic

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treatment controls seizures, but does not cure them, so you must keep taking the med. You need to keep a seizure frequency diary, avoid alcohol and pregnancy. Carry extra medication when travelling.

Front 53

The balance between these gives you control of your muscles

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ACh and Dopamine

Front 54

When one has a deficiency of dopamine and an excess of ACh and the imbalance results in the inability to control or initiate voluntary movements, that person is said to have

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Parkinson's Disease

Front 55

Two ways Parkinson's meds work

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1. Activate Dopamine Receptors
2. Block ACh receptors

Front 56

Dopaminergics

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Levodopa (Dopar, Larodopa), and levodopa plus carbidopa (Sinemet)

Front 57

Helps get the Levodopa to your brain, which is where it's needed

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Carbidopa

Front 58

acts on dopamine receptors to ensure that dopamine is received better

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Dopamine agonists

Front 59

Dopamine agonist

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Mirapex

Front 60

This med blocks ACh and muscarinic receptors

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Cogentin

Front 61

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

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Prostigmin

Front 62

Prevents the enzyme cholinesterase from inactivation ACh, increasing amount of ACh available at receptor sites

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Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Front 63

Increases muscle strength by increasing ACh at motor neurons in myasthenia gravis

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Prostigmin

Front 64

If in a cholinergic crisis, give this med to reverse the effects

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Atropine