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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If the neural tube fails to fold and fuse in the midline, what will happen? |
Defects such as myelomeningocele occur |
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The vertebral column consist of how many vertebrae? |
33 |
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How many cervical vertebrae does the spine have? |
7 |
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How many thoracic vertebrae does the spine have? |
12 |
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How many lumbar vertebrae does the spine have? |
5 |
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How many sacral vertebrae does the spine have? |
5 (fused to form the sacrum) |
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How many coccygeal bones does the spine have? |
4 (fused bones) |
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The spinal cord inferiorly tapers off into... |
The conus medullaris, from the apex of the pia mater, into the filum terminale, and then descends to attach to the back of the coccyx. |
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the most inner layer of vascular membrane that covers the spinal cord. |
pia mater |
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Where is the normal level of the tip of the tapered conus medullaris? |
The normal level is in the upper lumbar canal, above the superior endplate of L3, with most cords ending at the mid L2 level. |
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This structure is well-visualized adjacent to the anterolateral spine at the level of the kidneys. Following it to the origin corresponds to the L1 level |
Psoas muscles |
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The spinal cord is surrounded by three meninges: |
The dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater |
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What is 1 positive sign of tethered spinal cord? |
A low lying conus medullaris beyond the L2 level (most important) |
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Is the pathologic fixation of the spinal cord in abnormal caudal location. (L2, L3) |
Tethered Spinal Cord |
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The lower nerve roots together are called... |
Cauda equina |
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What is a one of the sonographic evaluation of the neonatal spinal column? |
Incomplete ossification of posterior spinal elements. |
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What is the common findings of hydromyelia in neonates? |
An abnormal widening (dilation) of the central canal at the caudal end of the spinal cord. |
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Meningoceles only contain meninges and fluid, whereas myelomeningoceles include |
Neural elements (spinal cord) |
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What should be a prompt search for occult tethered spinal cord? (7) |
1.midline hair patches 2.fatty lumps 3.skin tags 4.pigmented nevi 5.lumbar dimples 6.aplasia cutis 7.hemangiomas over back |
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Concurrence of events might explain coincidence of.... |
Midline cutaneous and spinal defects |
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The neonatal coccyx in a sonographic image usually has very low echogenicity and should not be mistaken for... |
Cyst or fluid collection |
