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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the best-known trade name for ipratropium bromide?
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Atrovent
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Other brand names include Apovent and Aerovent.
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What is the functional class of ipratropium bromide?
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Parasympatholytic bronchodilator
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Ipratropium does not cross the blood-brain barrier so does not produce systemic anticholinergic effects.
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What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium bromide?
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Acts directly on the smooth muscle of the bronchial tree by inhibiting interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites on the bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation.
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Ipratropium blocks the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
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What are the listed indications for ipratropium bromide?
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- Bronchospasm
- Patients with reversible obstructive airway disease |
Ipratropium is also used as a nasal spray to treat rhinitis.
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What are the listed contraindications for ipratropium bromide?
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Hypersensitivity to ipratropium, atropine, soya lecithin and peanut oil
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The warnings about soya lecithin and peanut oil derive from the inclusion of soya lecithin in the MDI preparations of ipratropium. Nebulizer solutions of ipratropium do not contain this agent.
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What are the listed precautions for ipratropium bromide?
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Use with caution in pregnancy and lactation
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Ipratropium can cause urinary retention and, in non-emergency settings, may be avoided in patients with bladder obstructions, BPH, etc.
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What are the listed side effects for ipratropium bromide?
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- N/V
- Cramps - Dry mouth - Blurred vision - Worsening bronchospasm - Drying of bronchial secretions - Cough - Epistaxis |
The inhalation itself can cause a sore throat.
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What are the listed interactions for ipratropium bromide?
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None
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Combination with beta-adrenergic agonists, as well as theophylline and other xanthine derivatives, increases the dilating effect on the bronchi. This is a desired effect in some combinations like DuoNeb (ipratropum bromide with albuterol).
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What is the dosage and route of ipratropium bromide?
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Adult:
0.5mg (500mcg) in 2.5-3mL of NS via nebulizer q6 hours Pediatric: 0.125-0.25mg (125-250mcg) in 2.5-3mL of NS via nebulizer q6 hours |
If mixed with albuterol or any other medication, the solution should be used within one hour. Premixed solutions are good until their expiration dates.
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