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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ferrous |
Having an iron base |
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Non ferrous |
Having little or no iron |
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Two forms of metals |
Pure (copper, aluminum, or iron) or alloy, a metal composed of two or more elements |
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Types of ferrous metals |
Cast iron, steel, any alloy with the main metal being iron |
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Types of ferrous metals |
Cast iron, steel, any alloy with the main metal being iron |
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What's the difference between cast iron and steel? |
The amount of carbon in the metal. Cast iron is more then 2% carbon while steel contains less then 2%. |
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What's the difference between cast iron and steel? |
The amount of carbon in the metal. Cast iron is more then 2% carbon while steel contains less then 2%. |
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Alloy steel |
Containing one it more other metallic elements and steel |
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The principle of creating alloys |
To increase toughness, strength, and hardness |
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Examples of non ferrous metals |
Zinc, silver, and gold |
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Examples of non ferrous metals |
Zinc, silver, and gold |
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Composition determines |
-both chemical and physical- of a metal determine it's specific properties |
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What is used to determine metals chemical composition |
Chemical analysis ( the analysis of metal ) |
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The way atoms combine and build a solid mass determines |
The physical structure |
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What is the form of metallic structure |
Crystalline structure |
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Groups of metal properties |
Thermal, electrical, optical, magnetic, mechanical, and chemical properties |
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Properties affecting the reaction of a material to an applied force or involving the relationship between stress and strain. |
Mechanical properties |
Include hardness, brittleness, elasticity, plasticity, strength and toughness |
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A metals mechanical properties reveal |
The metals reaction to an applied force |
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Applied force expressed in pounds per square inch |
Stress |
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The elongation or reaction to applied force per unit length |
Strain is |
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The ability of a metal to resist abrasion, penetration, indentation or cutting action |
Hardness |
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The tendency of a metal to fracture or break with little or no deformation |
Brittleness |
Not a desirable characteristic |
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Property of metal that allows it to recover it original size and shape after deformation |
Elasticity |
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The ability to deform without rupture. If the metal is bent it stays bent, stretched or twisted. |
Plasticity |
Malleability- measures metals ability to be deformed by compression Ductility- measure of metals ability to be deformed by stretching |
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A metals ability to withstand a force or stress without deformation or fracture |
Strength |
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The ability of a metal to absorb energy without fracturing. |
Toughness |
Maximum toughness is obtained with proper balance in hardness, elasticity, and plasticity. |
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To obtain perfection in one mechanical property you have to |
Sacrifice perfection in another property |
I.e. If a metal is hard, it is also brittle and has high strength; if it is soft, it is also tough and has low strength |
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As hardness ⬆️ |
Tensile, brittleness, wear resistance increase when hardness increases. Toughness and elasticity decrease. |
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Melting point, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, electrical conductivity, density, color, luster |
Physical properties |
Cannot be altered in the way mechanical properties are |
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The temperature at which a metal changes from a solid to a liquid |
Melting point |
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The ability of a metal to conduct heat is the metals coefficient of |
Thermal conductivity |
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How much a metal expands when it's temperature is raised |
Thermal expansion |
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What is controlled by heating and cooking if a metal within a specific temp range and time period? |
Grain structure |
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What do you call the heating point where grain boundaries collapse and smaller grains are formed? |
Recrystallization temperature |
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What does heat treating do? |
Improves metal characteristics for specific applications by altering the grain structure |
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What are the types of applied forces in metal strength testing? |
Tensile, compressive, shear, torsional, and bending. |
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What determines a metals physical properties? |
Chemical compostition |
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Melting point |
When a metal changes from a solid to a liquid |
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Physical property to conduct electricity. High in metals like aluminum and copper |
Electrical conductivity |
Stated in percent of the International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) |
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Weight per unit volume |
density |
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The property that allows reflection of a certain wavelength |
Color |
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The shine or glitter a metal produces by means of reflecting light |
Luster |
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SAE |
Society of Automotive Engineers identification numbers |
Used to identify metals. (Steel) |
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AA |
Aluminum Association identification numbers |
Identifies aluminum and aluminum alloys based on metal composition |
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Three methods to produced tempered (hardened) aluminum |
1. Cold working (strain hardening) 2. Heat-treating 3. A combination of cold working and heat-treating |
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What is determined by the way atoms combine and build a solid mass? |
Physical structure. |
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What are masses of metal that solidify and expand called? |
Metal grains |
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Two methods of forming raw ore into refined metal |
Casting or wrought |
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The metal has been worked or shaped by force and includes processes such as rolling |
Wrought |
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The metal has been worked or shaped by force and includes processes such as rolling |
Wrought |
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Obtained by pouring or forcing molten metal into a mold |
Casting |
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