Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is Biology?
|
The study of life
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of life?
|
1. Hierarchy of Organization
2. Cells 3. Reproduction 4. Energy Manipulation 5. Interaction with Environment 6. Growth and Development 7. Adaptation and Evolution 8. Movement 9. Water |
|
|
What are the two primary methods in biology?
|
1. Discovery-based science
2. Hypothesis-based science |
|
|
What is discovery science based on?
|
collect and analysis of data, not hypothesis driven.
|
|
|
Describe the scientific Method?
|
1. Collect and Observe Data
2. Form a hypothesis 3. Design a controlled experiment 4. Analyze Results 5. Draw conclusions |
|
|
What are the different forms of hypothesis?
|
1. Question
2. Conditional Statement 3. If...then statement |
|
|
Define Theory.
|
Requires much support, hypothesis must be supported repeatedly
|
|
|
Define Induction.
|
gathering together bits of data (observations, previous research),
then formulating a generalization which reasonably explains all of them SPECIFIC to GENERAL |
|
|
Define Deduction.
|
begins with a generalization, make predictions based on the
generalization, then challenge GENERAL to SPECIFIC |
|
|
Who is Archbishop Ussher?
|
said the earth was formed Oct 22 4004 BC based on biblical reference
|
|
|
Who is Carolus Linnaeus?
|
father of the classification ststem
|
|
|
Who is Buffon?
|
Quietly suggested species change over time.
|
|
|
Who is Lamarck?
|
inheritance of acquired characteristics;
traits passed on through use or disuse |
|
|
What 2 scientist are responsible for the Theory of Natural Selection?
|
Darwin and Wallace
|
|
|
What is the lowest level of organization to have the characteristic of life?
|
Cellular
|
|
|
Darwin's book the origin of species was published in?
|
1859
|
|
|
What was Darwin's job aboard the Beagle?
|
ship's naturalist
|
|
|
Define homologous structures.
|
Similar traits inherited from the same ancestor.
A result of Divergent Evolution |
|
|
Define analogous structure
|
Similar traits evolved through same functions
Result of convergent evolution. |
|
|
Name the evidence for Natural Selection/
|
Vestigial Structures- used to be necessary
Artificial Selection Comparative Anatomy Biochemical Evidence Embryology |
|
|
Describe how evolution operates on individuals and populations
|
Natural selection works on individuals, but populations evolve
|
|
|
Define Microevolution.
|
changes in a population's gene pool.
|
|
|
Define Gene pool.
|
all the genes in the entire population.
|
|
|
Define genetic equilibrium.
|
if NO change occurs in gene frequency
|
|
|
What two factors cause microevolution?
|
Mutation
Evolutionary Mechanisms |
|
|
Describe Mutations.
|
-unpredictable change in DNA
-only mutation in sex cells are inherited -rare low rate of occurrence -mutations change gene pool increase genetic variation |
|
|
Describe Evolutionary Mechanisms
|
alteration of existing variations.
|
|
|
What are the three modes of Natural Selection/.
|
1. Stabilizing
2. Disruptive 3. Directional |
|
|
Describe the founder effect.
|
New Habitat, few individuals
|
|
|
Define Gene flow.
|
migration of fertile individuals or transfer of gametes
|
|
|
Define the Bateman-Trivers theory.
|
Sexual selection acts on males more strongly than on females.
|
