Nclex Questions Med/surg Chapters 23-25

Front 1

The primary function of the skin is
a. insulation. b. protection. c. sensation. d. absorption.

Back 1

b

Front 2

Age-related changes in the hair and nails include (select all that apply)
a. oily scalp.
b. scaly scalp.
c. thinner nails.
d. thicker, brittle nails.
e. longitudinal nail ridging.

Back 2

b, d, e

Front 3

When assessing the nutritional-metabolic pattern in relation to the skin, the nurse questions the patient regarding
a. joint pain.
b. the use of moisturizing shampoo.
c. recent changes in wound healing.
d. self-care habits related to daily hygiene.

Back 3

c

Front 4

During the physical examination of a patient’s skin, the nurse would a. use a flashlight in a poorly lit room.
b. note cool, moist skin as a normal finding.
c. pinch up a fold of skin to assess for turgor.
d. perform a lesion-specific examination first and then a general inspection.

Back 4

c

Front 5

The nurse assessed the patient’s skin lesions as firm, edematous, irregularly shaped with a variable diameter. They would be called a. wheals.
b. papules.
c. pustules.
d. plaques.

Back 5

a

Front 6

To assess the skin for temperature and moisture, the most appropri-
ate technique for the nurse to use is a. palpation.
b. inspection.
c. percussion.
d. auscultation.

Back 6

a

Front 7

Individuals with dark skin are more likely to develop a. keloids.
b. wrinkles.
c. skin rashes. d. skin cancer.

Back 7

a

Front 8

On inspection of a patient’s dark skin, the nurse notes a blue-gray birthmark on the forehead and eye area. This assessment finding is called
a. vitiligo.
b. intertrigo.
c. telangiectasia. d. Nevus of Ota.

Back 8

d

Front 9

Diagnostic testing is recommended for skin lesions when a. a health history cannot be obtained.
b. a more definitive diagnosis is needed.
c. percussion reveals an abnormal finding.
d. treatment with prescribed medication has failed.

Back 9

b

Front 10

During change-of-shift report, the outgoing nurse reports a new finding of petechiae in a new patient admitted with a yet-to-be diagnosed hematologic disorder. On assessment of this patient, what should the incoming nurse expect to find?
Tiny, purple spots on the skin
Large ecchymotic areas on the skin
Hyperkeratotic papules and plaques
Small, raised red areas on the soles of the feet

Back 10

Tiny, purple spots on the skin

Front 11

Which laboratory test would be most important to check in the patient presenting with purpura?
Urinalysis
Serum electrolytes
Coagulation studies
White blood cell count

Back 11

Coagulation studies

Purpura are areas of ecchymoses that may signify a bleeding disorder. Therefore it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient's coagulation studies.

Front 12

Which medication is most likely to have an effect on the patient's integumentary system?
Diuretic
Corticosteroid
Benzodiazepine
Calcium channel blocker

Back 12

Corticosteroid

Front 13

A 14-year-old female and her mother come to see their nurse practitioner for treatment of the daughter's acne. What should the nurse assess the patient for to support the existence of acne?
Ulcers
Wheals
Vesicles
Pustules

Back 13

Pustules

Front 14

Inspection of an obese, female patient reveals the presence of a foul odor that emanates from the patient's abdominal skin folds. What should the nurse suspect that is most likely causing the odor?
Ecchymosis
Colonization by yeast or bacteria
Age-related integumentary changes
Atrophy of the skin under the abdominal folds

Back 14

Colonization by yeast or bacteria

Front 15

The nurse is conducting an integumentary assessment of an African American patient who has darkly pigmented skin and a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which locations should the nurse inspect for cyanosis (select all that apply)?
Patient's sclera
Patient's nail beds
Soles of the patient's feet
Palms of the patient's hands
Conjunctiva of the patient's eyes

Back 15

Patient's nail beds

Conjunctiva of the patient's eyes

Front 16

The nurse is assessing a white patient's skin color and notices cyanosis. Where on the patient's body would the nurse most likely see this cyanosis?
Lips
Legs
Wrists
Sclera

Back 16

Lips

Front 17

The graduate student has been snacking on carrots each day. She has developed carotenemia. The nurse knows that improvement in this condition will be most evident on which part of the patient's body?
Face
Chest
Sclera
Palms of hands

Back 17

Palms of hands

Front 18

On assessment, a linear crack from the epidermis to the dermis is noted at the corner of the patient's mouth. How should the nurse document this finding?
Scar
Fissure
Atrophy
Excoriation

Back 18

Fissure

Front 19

In order to obtain information about temperature, turgor, moisture, and texture, which assessment technique should the nurse use?
Inspection of skin color
Examination for vascularity
Palpation of skin with the hand
Percussion of the skin on the back

Back 19

Palpation of skin with the hand

Front 20

The patient has diffuse distribution of moles on her body. A biopsy of one on her back will be done to assess for malignancy. What does the nurse know as the rationale for doing a punch biopsy?
It is used for a superficial lesion.
It provides a full-thickness of skin.
It is used for good cosmetic results.
It is used because the lesion is too large to remove.

Back 20

It provides a full-thickness of skin.

Front 21

A 30-year-old patient has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. What should the nurse expect to assess in this patient's integumentary system?
Warm, flushed skin; alopecia; thin nails
General hyperpigmentation and loss of body hair
Pale skin; pale mucous membranes; hair loss; nail dystrophy
Cold, dry, pale skin; dry, coarse hair; brittle, slow-growing nails

Back 21

Cold, dry, pale skin; dry, coarse hair; brittle, slow-growing nails

Front 22

When assessing a 73-year-old female patient, the nurse found wrinkles, sagging breasts, and tenting of the skin; gray hair; and thick brittle toenails. What normal changes of aging does the nurse know occur that can cause these changes in the integumentary system?
Decreased activity of apocrine and sebaceous glands, decreased density of hair, and increased keratin in nails
Decreased extracellular water, surface lipids, and sebaceous gland activity; decreased scalp oil; and decreased circulation
Muscle laxity, degeneration of elastic fibers, collagen stiffening, decreased melanin, and decreased peripheral blood supply
Increased capillary fragility and permeability, cumulative androgen effect and decreasing estrogen levels, and decreased circulation

Back 22

Muscle laxity, degeneration of elastic fibers, collagen stiffening, decreased melanin, and decreased peripheral blood supply