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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2. Poor blood supply to which of the following tissues is most often problematic during the healing process after surgery?
A. Adipose tissue B. Skin C. Loose connective tissue D. Muscle |
adipose ts
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3. Radiographic studies confirm that an embryo has split at the blastocyst stage. Splitting of the embryo at the blastocyst stage results in which of the following?
A. Conjoined twins B. Dizygotic twins C. Fraternal twins D. Monozygotic twins E. Single gestation |
Monozygotic twins
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4. A nerve running around the neck of the humerus is damaged. The nerve damage causes muscle denervation, and the inability to raise the arm over the head. The denervated muscle arises from which of the following?
A. Acromion alone B. Clavicle and acromion C. Clavicle and coracoid D. Coracoid alone E. Coracoid and acromion |
Clavicle and acromion
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5. If the tendon of the biceps brachii is severed at the elbow, and the cut causing this injury extends 2 cm medially, which of the following structures will be injured?
A. Brachial artery B. Musculocutaneous nerve C. Profunda brachii artery D. Radial nerve E. Ulnar nerve |
A.
Brachial artery and *median nerve |
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. A patient has suffered a penetrating wound in the left fourth intercostal space immediately lateral to the sternal border. Which of the following thoracic structures is most likely to have been injured?
A. Left atrium B. Left ventricle C. Right atrium D. Right ventricle E. Upper lobe of the left lung |
D.
Right ventricle |
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The heart of an embryo first begins beating at which of the following ages?
A. 2 weeks B. 3 weeks C. 4 weeks D. 6 weeks E. 8 weeks |
C.
4 weeks |
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15. Tissue served by branches of which of the following arteries would be most likely affected by pressure on the splenic artery?
A. Left gastric B. Left gastroepiploic C. Right gastric D. Right gastroepiploic E. Short gastric |
E.
Short gastric |
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18. A patient who has been exhibiting various endocrine abnormalities has an MRI scan of the head. This scan reveals a small tumor of the pituitary gland. If this tumor expands laterally, which of the following nerves will most likely be affected first?
A. Abducens nerve B. Oculomotor nerve C. Optic nerve D. Trigeminal nerve E. Trochlear nerve |
A.
Abducens nerve |
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20. Most afferents to the cerebral cortex derive from the
A. basal ganglia B. cerebral cortex C. hippocampus D. spinal cord E. thalamus |
B.
cerebral cortex |
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21. A nerve is located close to the wrist portion of the tendons of the flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus. This nerve arises from which part(s) of the brachial plexus?
A. Lateral and medial cords B. Lateral cord C. Middle and lower trunks D. Posterior cord E. Upper and middle trunks |
A.
Lateral and medial cords |
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24. The layers of the abdominal wall are shown below.
1. Internal oblique 2. External oblique 3. Peritoneum 4. Transversus abdominis Which of the following corresponds to the order of the layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep? A. 1-3-4-2 B. 2-1-3-4 C. 2-1-4-3 D. 4-1-2-3 E. 4-2-1-3 |
B.
2-1-3-4 TIRE(deep to superficial) |
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25. The notochord forms on approximately what day after conception?
a. 1wk b. 2wk c. 3wk d. 4wk |
3wk
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28. man cannot abduct and adduct the digits of his hand, or oppose his thumb. This occurred after trying to break a fall. Which neural structure has been injured?
A. Lower trunk of the brachial plexus B. Median nerve C. Musculocutaneous nerve D. Upper trunk of the brachial plexus |
A.
Lower trunk of the brachial plexus |
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Atherosclerotic occlusion of which of the following arteries would result in insufficient perfusion of the urinary bladder?
A. External iliac B. Inferior epigastric C. Internal iliac D. Internal pudendal E. Lateral sacral |
C
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33. In which regions of the thorax is the thoracic duct found?
A. Anterior and middle mediastinum B. Anterior and superior mediastinum C. Middle and posterior mediastinum D. Middle and superior mediastinum E. Posterior and superior mediastinum |
E
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. Which structure passes near the uterine artery, and might be confused with it during surgery?
A. Internal iliac artery B. Internal iliac vein C. Ovarian artery D. Ureter E. Uterine vein |
D.
Ureter |
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39. The primitive streak normally gives rise to which of the following structures?
A. Dorsal root ganglia B. Lining of the gastrointestinal tract C. Notochord D. Spinal cord E. Thyroid gland |
C.
Notochord |
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42. An aneurysm of the axillary artery within the axilla is most likely to compress which of the following neural structures?
A. Axillary nerve B. Long thoracic nerve C. Lower trunk of the brachial plexus D. Medial cord of the brachial plexus E. Musculocutaneous nerve |
D.
Medial cord of the brachial plexus |
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44. An esophageal biopsy shows normal smooth muscle and striated muscle in the same section. Which portion of the esophagus was the source of this biopsy?
A. Lower esophageal sphincter B. Lower third of the esophagus C. Middle third of the esophagus D. Upper esophageal sphincter E. Upper third of the esophagus |
C.
Middle third of the esophagus |
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45. If a clavicle fractures, which muscle might prevent the fractured bone from damaging the subclavian vessels or large nerves of the arm?
A. Deltoid B. Pectoralis major C. Sternocleidomastoid D. Subclavius E. Trapezius |
D.
Subclavius |
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46. A person skiing for the first time goes too fast and grabs hold of a tree with one arm to stop himself. In doing so, he is most likely to injure which of the following?
A. Lower part of the brachial plexus B. Median nerve C. Radial nerve D. Ulnar nerve E. Upper part of the brachial plexus |
A.
Lower part of the brachial plexus |
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. Stimulation and pressure on the ear canal can sometimees result in fainting. This is because the posterior half of the external ear canal receives innervation from the
A. auricular branch of the vagus nerve B. auriculotemporal nerve C. greater auricular nerve D. lesser occipital nerve E. vestibulocochlear nerve |
A.
auricular branch of the vagus nerve |
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48. Which of the following placental components is derived from the mother rather than the fetus?
A. Chorion B. Cytotrophoblast C. Lacunar network D. Primary villus E. Syncytiotrophoblast |
C.
Lacunar network |
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49. While testing the gag reflex during a cranial nerve examination, it is noted that when the right side of the pharyngeal mucosa is touched, the patient's uvula deviates to the right. When the left side of the pharyngeal mucosa is touched, the patient does not gag. Which of the following is the most likely location of his lesion?
A. Left glossopharyngeal nerve and left vagus nerve B. Left glossopharyngeal nerve only C. Left vagus nerve only D. Right glossopharyngeal nerve and right vagus nerve E. Right glossopharyngeal nerve only |
A.
Left glossopharyngeal nerve and left vagus nerve |
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52. A thyroid mass usually moves with swallowing because the thyroid gland is enclosed by which of the following fascia?
A. Carotid sheath B. Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia C. Pretracheal fascia D. Prevertebral fascia E. Superficial fascia |
C.
Pretracheal fascia |
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54. A 5-year-old child who has not had routine pediatric care develops a febrile disease with cough and a blotchy rash, and is brought to the emergency department. On physical examination, there is cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. Also noted is an erythematous, macropapular rash behind the ears and along the hairline, involving the neck and, to a lesser extent, the trunk. Examination of this patient's oropharynx would likely reveal which of the following lesions?
A. Adherent thin, whitish patch on gingiva B. Cold sores on the lips C. Curdy white material overlying an erythematous base on the oral mucosa D. Large shallow ulcers on the oral mucosa E. Multiple small white spots on the buccal mucosa |
E.
Multiple small white spots on the buccal mucosa |
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57. The parotid duct pierces the buccinator muscle nearest to the maxillary
A. First molar B. Second molar C. Third molar D. First premolar E. Second premolar |
B.
Second molar |
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58. The greater omentum is derived from which of the following embryonic structures?
A. Dorsal mesoduodenum B. Dorsal mesogastrium C. Pericardioperitoneal canal D. Pleuropericardial membranes E. Ventral mesentery |
B.
Dorsal mesogastrium |
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61. A person lifts one foot prior to taking a step. Which of the following nerves innervates the muscle group that allows the person to maintain balance by holding the weight of his body over the foot remaining on the ground?
A. Femoral nerve B. First and second sacral nerves C. Obturator nerve D. Superior gluteal nerve E. Tibial nerve |
D.
Superior gluteal nerve |
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62. Before removing a spleen, the splenic artery and splenic vein are ligated. Within which of the following peritoneal structures are the splenic artery and vein found?
A. Gastrocolic ligament B. Gastrosplenic ligament C. Lesser omentum D. Splenorenal ligament |
D.
Splenorenal ligament |
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63. Observation of a hematoxylin and eosin-stained microscope slide reveals that the nuclei are blue. What is the basis for this observation?
A. Eosin binds to carbohydrates B. Eosin binds to lipids C. Eosin binds to nucleic acids D. Hematoxylin binds to lipids E. Hematoxylin binds to nucleic acids |
E.
Hematoxylin binds to nucleic acids |
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65. When a large bolus of food is swallowed, the hyoid bone moves anteriorly to open the pharynx. The muscle responsible for this action is innervated by which of the following nerves?
A. C1 (ansa cervicalis) B. CN IX C. Pharyngeal plexus D. CN V3 E. CN VII |
A.
C1 (ansa cervicalis) |
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68. Karyotypic analysis of a spontaneously aborted fetus demonstrates trisomy of one of the chromosomes. Which chromosome is most likely to be affected?
A. 8 B. 13 C. 16 D. 18 E. 21 |
C.
16 |
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69. A lesion in which of the following structures could be responsible for unilateral hearing loss?
A. Inferior colliculus B. Lateral lemniscus C. Medial geniculate body D. Medial lemniscus E. Organ of Corti |
E.
Organ of Corti |
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70. A mailman gets a severe bite wound from a pit bull guarding a junkyard. The wound is cleansed and he receives a booster injection of tetanus toxoid and an injection of penicillin G. Several days later, the wound is inflamed and purulent. The exudate is cultured on blood agar and yields gram-negative rods. Antibiotic sensitivity tests are pending. The most likely agent to be isolated is
A. Bartonella henselae B. Brucella canis C. Clostridium tetani D. Pasteurella multocida |
D.
Pasteurella multocida |
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71. On microscopic examination of bone, small thread-like canals are seen radiating out from the area of each osteocyte. These structures are the
A. Volkman canals B. Canaliculi C. Osteons D. Haversian canals E. Lacunae |
B.
Canaliculi |
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74. Parathormone will have its greatest effect on which cell type?
A. Osteoclasts B. Osteoblasts C. Osteocytes D. Osteosarcomas |
A.
Osteoclasts |
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75. In the adult, neurons are an example of which of the following?
A. Continuously dividing cells B. Labile cells C. Permanent cells D. Quiescent cells E. Stable cells |
C.
Permanent cells |
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76. The interlobular arteries of the kidney result from subdivision of the
A. efferent arterioles B. arcuate arteries C. interlobar arteries D. renal artery |
B.
arcuate arteries |
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78. Compression of the obturator nerve will result in weakness of which of the following muscles?
A. Adductor magnus B. Biceps femoris C. Rectus femoris D. Sartorius E. Vastus medialis |
A.
Adductor magnus |
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Biceps femoris innervation
long head : ? short head : ? |
long head = tibial nerve
short head = common fibular(peroneal) nerve semimembranosus and semitendinosus are also innervated by tibal n. of sciatic |
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80. patient develops a form of lung cancer that spreads to occlude the thoracic duct. Edema involving which of the following sites might be expected as a potential complication?
A. Entire left side and right leg B. Entire right side and left leg C. Left arm only D. Right arm and right half of head only E. Right arm only |
A.
Entire left side and right leg |
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81. During development, the formation of the kidney is induced by which of the following structures?
A. Allantois B. Mesonephric duct C. Mesonephros D. Metanephric duct E. Urogenital ridge |
D.
Metanephric duct(Wolffian duct it connect Wolffian body(primitive kidney) to male reproductive organ metanephric blastema - nephron |
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82. A fall, with hyperextension of the hand, causes anterior dislocation of a carpal bone. Which nerve is compressed by this injury?
A. Anterior interosseous nerve B. Median nerve C. Posterior interosseous nerve D. Radial nerve E. Ulnar nerve |
B.
Median nerve -only nerve that passes carpal tunnel |
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88. Pain experienced in the anterior half of the external ear canal is transmitted by which of the following nerves?
A. Auricular branch of the vagus B. Auriculotemporal nerve C. Greater auricular nerve D. Lesser occipital nerve E. Vestibulocochlear nerve |
B.
Auriculotemporal nerve |
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89. The intraembryonic mesoderm formed during the third week of embryonic life is principally derived from
A. definitive ectoderm B. definitive endoderm C. epiblast D. primitive node E. yolk sac |
C.
epiblast |
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91. The primordium of the respiratory system that forms the internal epithelial lining of the treachea, bronchi, and lungs is derived enterily from which of the following embryologic entities?
A. Foregut endoderm B. Midgut endoderm C. Splanchnic mesoderm D. Stomodeum E. Both endoderm and mesoderm |
A.
Foregut endoderm |
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93. Following fracture of the humerus, an adult patient has a biopsy of the healing area. Which of the following types of bone will the biopsy most likely show?
A. Cancellous B. Compact C. Spongy D. Trabecular E. Woven |
E.
Woven |
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98. If a lumbar puncture needle passes through the interlaminar space between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae, which space does it enter?
A. Epidural B. Intramuscular C. Subarachnoid D. Subcutaneous E. Subdural |
A.
Epidural |
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99. A patient is able to say "Kuh, kuh, kuh," and "Mi-mi-mi." The patient is unable to say "La-la-la." A lesion of which of the following cranial nerves should be suspected?
A. VII B. VIII C. X D. XI E. XII |
E.
XII |
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16. Which organisms are part of the normal healthy oral flora?
-gram negative -gram positive rods -gram positive cocci and filaments -gram negative |
-gram positive cocci and filaments
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18. When is prevotella first detectable in the oral cavity?
-at birth -adolescent -when caries are present -long after caries are gone -after perio disease -during perio disease |
-during perio disease
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24. how do you deferentiate staph from strep
-Coagulase test (diferentiate S. aureus which is positive from other staphylos.) -collagenase test -fermentation of lactic acid -two more choices which were way off |
?
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23.which Hormone induces bicarbonate secretion into duodenum?
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secretin
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49.what does complement not bind to? IgA, IgG, IgM, Endotoxin, immune complexes
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no answer all bind to complement
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50. renal obstruction will cause? Parathyroid hyperplasia, PT hypoplasia, thyroid hyperplasia, t hypoplasia, medulla atrophy
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?
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79.6.5 y/o has how many teeth?
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18 primary, 6 perm
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83.fungus of hair, nails, skin?
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Dermatophyte 3
microsporum epidermaphyton trichophyton |
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90.Hgb is:
a.1heme w/4 proteins b.4hemes w/1 protein |
1 heme + 4 globin protein
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98.adolescents and young adults are most at risk for? a.Ewing’s sarcoma, b.neuroblastoma,
c.Wilm’s tumor |
Ewing’s sarcoma-teenager tumor 나머지는 child tumor
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99.men have certain % of body water. It increases due to what: obesity, age, etc
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?
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116.unique to Staph aureus? a.Coagulase
b.catalase c.collagenase d.hyaluronidase |
coagulase
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119.secretion of breast milk caused by: prolactin, oxytocin
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oxytocin
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Which of the following are granule of polyphosphate that accumulate in some bacterial cell?
1.zymogen granule 2.matrix granule 3.metachromatic granule 4.crooke's granule |
3 - corynebacterim diphteria
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the stomodeum and the foregut are separated by a membrane consisting of two epithelial layers.
This membrane is known as the ( ) membrane 1. dentino-enamel 2. buccopharyngeal 3. nasmyth's 4. Basement |
2. buccopharyngeal
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The platysma is supplied by a branch of which of following cranial nerve?
1.V 2.VII 3.IX 4.X 5.XII |
VII
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The presence of glucose in the urine proves that the patient has
1.diabetes mellitus 2.negative nitrogen balance 3.exceeded his renal threshold for glucose 4.excessive damage to a glomerulus of the kidney |
?
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More occlusal surfaces can be seen from the mesial than from the distal in which of the following premolars?
1.Mx first 2.Mx second 3.Mn first 4.Mn second 5.all of these |
?
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• Which of the following vitamin not need in tooth development?
Vit A, B12, E, C, D |
?
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•Enzyme deficient in Skeletal muscle
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?
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resting msl uses ? and exercising msl uses what?
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resting - fatty acid
exercising - glycogen --> fatty acid |
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•Which ant tooth has two roots?
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mn canine
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• Which of the following is not originated from the ectomesenchyme….
Stratum reticulum Inner enamel epithelium Outer enamel epithelium Dental papilla |
OEE
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What stabilizes tertiary chain of proteins nd what is the type of bond?
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disulfide bond, hydrophobic interaction, hydrogenbond, ionic interaction
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Axn of Austin drug which is used for cholesterol (some drug which starts with a )
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?
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Which does not require dnase , cell to cell contact (transduction,conjugation nd other option,)
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?
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Where is hyper osmolar urine is found ?
–cortex, -superior part of medulla , -inferior part of medulla |
-inferior part of medulla
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In pt with smoking there is blocking of bronchioles with mucus –condition is
bronchopneumonia , atelectiasis, chronic bronchitis . |
chronic bronchitis
smoking related respiratory ds - emphysema and chronic bronchitis |
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Inf alv nerve block ,needle is medial to ? nd paresthesia of chin nd lip is caused by ?
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medial pterygoid m.
lingual nerve |
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What supplies SA Node ?
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vagus and thoracic spinal nerve(T1-4)
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Ultimobranchial body gives rise to?
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Parafollicular cell of thyroid
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Ant cervical triangle boundary is all except-jugular notch,strenocleidomastoid ,ramus of the mand,omosupraclavicular triangle
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omosupraclavicular triangle
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Goblet cell –where is it seen 2 qs on this (it is seen every where except- colon,jejunum,ileum,stomach nd other option)
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stomach
stomach mucus secretion by fundic glandular cell |
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Similarity between villi nd tubular arrangement
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?
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tidal volume?
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?
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ketogenic amino acid?
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lysine and leucine
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6.Which of the following is considered an accesory ligament of the TMJ?
a. capsular. b. collateral. c. stylohyoid. d. sphenomandibular. e. temporomandibular. |
capsular , discal TM --primary lig.
stylomn and sphenomn -- accessory lig ans) E |
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2.When a brief period of hysterical hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis tetany might be caused by a sudden DECREASE in which of the following kinds of calcium.
a. total Serum b. Ionized serum c. Citrate bound |
a. total Serum
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4.From an occlusal view, which of the following anatomical features are frequently found on both the primary maxillary first and second molars?
a. four major cusps are evident. b. oblique ridges are well developed. c. the outline forms are rectangular in shape. d. the crowns converge to the distal and lingual aspects. |
?
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7.Ulcers of recurrent herpes occur on masticatory mucosa and which other location?
Buccal mucosa Labial mucosa Mucosa of soft palate floor of the mouth |
?
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Prevotella intermedia is 1st detectable in the oral cavity:
a. at birth b.by adolescense c.in dental caries d.immdly after PDL disease e.Long after PDL disease |
?
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2) Aspiration of food can result in any of the following except one :
a) Pneumonia b) Pneumothorax c) Lung abscess d) Absorption atelectasis E) death from asphyxiation |
?
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1) What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a ph of 1 ?
a) +2 b) +1 c) 0 d) -1 e) -2 |
+1
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which of the following increase stability in DNA and not in RNA?
G-C A-T G-U C-T A-U |
A-T
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124. Which of the following processes occur after prolonged muscular exercise when oxygen debt is being paid?
a. Lactic acid in muscles continues to increase. b. Most lactic acid undergoes gluconeogenesis in muscles. c. Most lactic acid undergoes gluconeogenesis in the liver. d. Most lactic acid undergoes gluconeogenesis in the brain and heart. |
C
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176. Which of the following statements BEST describes GTP-binding proteins (G-Proteins)?
a. Are important components of steroid hormone signal transduction. b. Catalyze the reaction which produces diacylglycerol/ c. Are tightly bound to adenylate cyclase. d. Usually inactivate protein kinase C. e. Are membrane proteins. |
e. Are membrane proteins.
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184. Cushing's syndrome is characterized by each of the following conditions EXCEPT one. Which one is this exception>
a. Increased protein anabolism. b. Increased androgen levels. c. Hyperglycemia. d. Hypertension. e. Hyperkalemia |
Hyperkalemia
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77. Apical granules in parenchymal cells of the salivary gland represent
a. pigment. b. complex lipids. c. primary lysosomes. d. large mitochondria. e. secretion precursors. |
?
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82. Enamel rods converge as they pass from the dentinoenamel junction toward the surface in the area of the
a. cervical line of permanent teeth. b. cervical line of primary teeth. c. fissures. |
fissure
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4. Which of the following condition causes myelin degeneration of the axis cylinders of the peripheral nerves?
a. lead poisoning. b. silver poisoning. c. mecury poisoning. d. bismuth poisoning. e. tetracycline intoxication. |
?
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10.Which of the following represents the pulmonary neoplasm MOST likely to produce ACTH?
a. mesothelioma. b. adenocarcinoma. c. small cell carcinoma. d. squamous cell carcinoma. e. bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. |
c. small cell carcinoma
--> ADH or ACTH produce |
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15. Which of the following diseases usually begins between the ages of 20 and 40 years and is characterized by patesthesia, unsteadiness of gait, incontinence, paralysis and plaques of demyelination of the brain?
a. meningitis. b. parkinsonism. c. huntington's disease. d. muscular dystrophy. e. multiple sclerosis. |
e. multiple sclerosis
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