Nature Of Science

Front 1

Atom

Back 1

Basic unit of matter

Front 2

Nucleus

Back 2

Center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons

Front 3

Electron

Back 3

Negatviely charged particle located outside the atomic nucleus

Front 4

Element

Back 4

Substance consisting entirely of one type of atom

Front 5

Isotope

Back 5

Atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from that of other atoms of the same element

Front 6

Compound

Back 6

Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

Front 7

Ionic Bond

Back 7

Bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Front 8

Ion

Back 8

Atom that has a positive or negative charge

Front 9

Covalent Bond

Back 9

Bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms

Front 10

Molecule

Back 10

Smallest unit of most compounds

Front 11

van der Waals forces

Back 11

A slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules

Front 12

Cohesion

Back 12

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

Front 13

Adhesion

Back 13

Attraction between molecules of different substances

Front 14

Mixture

Back 14

Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined

Front 15

Solution

Back 15

Mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed

Front 16

Solute

Back 16

Substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution

Front 17

Solvent

Back 17

Substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

Front 18

Suspension

Back 18

Mixture of water and nondissolved materials

Front 19

pH scale

Back 19

Measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution: ranges from 0-14

Front 20

Acid

Back 20

Compound that forms hydrogen into ions (H+) in solution

Front 21

Base

Back 21

Compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in solution

Front 22

Buffer

Back 22

Weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH

Front 23

Monomer

Back 23

Small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers

Front 24

Polymer

Back 24

Large compound formed from combinations of many monomers

Front 25

Carbohydrate

Back 25

Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Front 26

Monosaccharide

Back 26

Single sugar molecule

Front 27

Polysaccharide

Back 27

Large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides

Front 28

Lipid

Back 28

Macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms

Front 29

Nucleic Acid

Back 29

Macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorous

Front 30

Nucleotide

Back 30

Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phospahte group and a nitrogenous base

Front 31

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Back 31

Single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose

Front 32

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Back 32

Nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose

Front 33

Protein

Back 33

Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Front 34

Amino Acid

Back 34

Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end