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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much elemental calcium is in calcium carbonate?
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40%
[1250 mg CaCO3 = 500 mg Ca²+) |
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How much elemental calcium is in calcium citrate?
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21%
[1500 mg Ca-citrate = 315 mg Ca²+) |
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In which type of kinetics does the serum concentration relate proportionally to the amount of drug?
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First order kinetics
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In which type of kinetics does the serum concentration not relate proportionally to the amount of drug?
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Zero order, or Michaelis-Menten kinetics
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Which type of kinetics is characterized by saturation of one or more mechanisms of ADME?
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Zero order, or Michaelis-Menten kinetics
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What range of serum concentration is therapeutic for CBZ?
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6-12 μg/mL
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What range of serum concentration is therapeutic for levothyroxine?
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dosed to normal free T4 and TSH levels
FT4 = 0.8-1.7 μg/dL TSH = 0.3-3.0 μIU/mL |
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What range of serum concentration is therapeutic for lithium in maintenance therapy? In treatment of acute symptoms?
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maintenance 0.6-1.2 mEq/L
acute symptoms up to 1.5 mEq/L |
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What serum concentrations are therapeutic for phenytoin?
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10-20 μg/mL
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What serum concentrations are therapeutic for theophylline?
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5-15 μg/mL
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What serum concentrations are therapeutic for digoxin?
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0.8-2.0 ng/mL for CHF
2.0-2.5 (?) ng/mL for Afib |
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What serum concentrations are therapeutic for valproic acid?
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50-100 μg/mL
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What is the normal dose of folate in OTC products, and at what dose is it Rx only?
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OTC 0.4-0.8 mg/day
Rx 1 mg/day |
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What one time dose of azithromycin is used to treat chlamydia, gonorrhea, or both?
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chlamydia 1 g
gonorrhea or both 2 g |
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What is the appropriate duration of treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in a female with Septra DS, Cipro, Levaquin, or nitrofurantoin?
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3 days (Septra DS bid, Cipro 250 bid, Cipro ER 500 qday, Levaquin 250 qday)
5 days (nitrofurantoin 100 mg bid) |
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What is the appropriate medication and duration of treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in pregnancy?
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β-lactam x 7 days
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What is the appropriate duration of outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis with FQs with unknown or low resistance?
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5-7 days
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What is the appropriate duration of treatment for severe pyelonephritis?
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10-14 days
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What dose of phenazopyridine is OTC, which is Rx?
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OTC 100 mg TID
Rx 200 mg TID |
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Fill in the directions for loperamide: Take __ mg, then __ mg after each stool, max ___ mg/day
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4, 2, 16
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What is the appropriate treatment, dose, and duration of initial mild/moderate C.diff infection?
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metronidazole 500 mg PO tid x 10-14 days
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What is the appropriate treatment, dose, and duration of severe, uncomplicated C.diff infections?
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vancomycin 125-250 mg PO qid x 10-14 days
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What is the appropriate treatment, dose, and duration of severe, complicated C.diff infections?
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vancomycin 500 mg PO qid x 10-14 days ± metronidazole 500 mg IV q8h
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When is vancomycin taper therapy appropriate?
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3rd episode of C.diff of any severity
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What is the usual adult dose of Ceftin for CAP?
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cefuroxime 500 mg q12h
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What is the usual adult dose of azithromycin for CAP?
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500 mg x1, then 250 mg qd
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What is the usual adult dose of clarithromycin or Biaxin XL for CAP?
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carith 250-500 mg q12h
Biaxin XL 1 g daily |
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What is the usual adult dose of erythromycin for CAP?
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250-500 mg q6h
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What is the usual adult dose of Levaquin for CAP?
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750 mg daily
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What is the usual adult dose of Avelox for CAP?
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moxifloxacin 400 mg daily
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What is the usual adult dose of Vibramycin for CAP?
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doxycycline 100 mg q12h
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After how many days inpatient would new onset pneumonia be considered HAP/VAP?
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≥5 days
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What Zosyn regimen is typical for nosocomial pneumonia?
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pip-taz 4.5 g IV q6h (Crcl 20-40 → 3.375 mg, Crcl <20 → 2.25 mg)
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What Unasyn regimen is typical for HAP/VAP?
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amp-sul 3 g IV q6h (Crcl <30 → q12h, Crcl <15 → q24h)
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What Invanz regimen is typical for nosocomial pneumonia?
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ertapenem 1 g IV q24h (PLUS resp FQ if Legionella suspected)
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What formulation and regimen of penicillin is appropriate for treatment of primary, secondary, or latent early (<1 yr) syphilis?
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Pen G benzathine 2.4 million units IM x 1
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What formulation and regimen of penicillin is appropriate for treatment of late (>1 yr), cardiovascular, gummas syphilis, or syphilis of unknown duration?
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Pen G benzathine 2.4 million units IM qwk x 3wks
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What formulation and regimen of penicillin is appropriate for treatment of neurosiphilis or ocular syphilis?
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aqueous Pen G 3-4 million units IV q4h x 10-14 days
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What is an acceptable treatment alternative of chlamydia infection for patients with severe macrolide allergy?
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doxy 100 mg PO bid x 7 days
(co-treat gonorrhea with cefTRIAXone IM x1 or ceFIXime 400 mg PO x1, etc) |
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What regimens of metronidazole are appropriate for bacterial vaginosis?
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500 mg PO bid x 7
0.75% gel 5 g pv qday x 5 |
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What regimens of Tindamax are appropriate for bacterial vaginosis? For trichomoniasis?
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tinidazole 2 g PO qday x2, or 1 g PO qday x5
trich: 2 g x1 |
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What regimens of Zorivax and Valtrex are appropriate for an initial episode of HSV?
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acyclovir 400 mg tid x 7-10
valacyclovir 1 g bid x 7-10 |
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What is the usual duration of treatment for recurrent HSV flares?
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5 days (unless high dose: acyclovir 2tid x2, valacyclovir 1bid x3, famciclovir 1 g bid x1)
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What is the usual daily dose of Zorivax and Valtrex for HSV suppression?
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acyclovir 400 mg bid
valacyclovir 500-1000 mg daily |
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What is the recommended regimen and duration of treatment for latent TB?
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INH 300 mg daily x9mo
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What is the recommended regimen and duration of treatment for active TB?
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INH + rifampin + pyrazinamide + ethambutol x 8wks, then INH + rifampin x 18wks (26 wks total)
[pyridoxine (B6) 25-50 mg PO qd recommended] |
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What is the recommended duration of treatment for active TB if resistant to INH?
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6 months
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What is the recommended duration of treatment for active TB if resistant to rifampin?
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12-18 months
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What is the recommended duration of treatment for active TB if resistant to INH and rifampin?
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18-24 months
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Which vitamin is supplemented in INH containing TB regimens, at what dose, and why?
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pyridoxine (B6) 25-50 mg PO daily
to reduce risk of neuropathy |
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What is the usual amoxicillin dose range for <12 year old patients
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mild/mod: 22.5 mg/kg/d as bid/tid
severe: 45 mg/kg/d as bid/tid high dose: 90 mg/kg/d as bid/tid |
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What dosing is suggested for acute otitis media for amoxicillin, Augmentin, and Zithromax?
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amox 90 mg/kg/d as bid
Augmentin (dose to amox component as above) Zith 10 mg/kg/d x1, then 5 mg/kg/d |
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Which pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is now given to all children 2-23 months old? How many serotypes does it contain? What about those 24 months or older?
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Prevnar 13
Pneumovax 23 if at increased risk for pneumococcal disease |
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What is the duration treatment with PCN + AG for infective endocarditis if caused by Viridians, or S.bovis?
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2 weeks
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What is the duration of drug therapy of infective endocarditis if due to Enterococci sensitive to PCN?
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4-6 weeks
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What is the duration of drug therapy of infective endocarditis if due to Enterococci resistant to PCN?
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6 weeks
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What is the duration of drug therapy of infective endocarditis if due to Enterococci resistant to PCN, AG, and Vanco?
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8 weeks or longer
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Infective endoarditis caused by which Enterococci species should be treated with linezolid or Q/D for at least 8 weeks?
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E. faecium
(not to be confused with E. faecalis) |
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What serum concentrations of gentamicin are appropriate for synergy with a β-lactam?
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Cmax 4 μg/mL
Cmin <1 μg/mL |
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What is the appropriate amoxicillin regimen for prophylaxis of endocarditis in dental procedures?
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2 g PO 30-60 min before procedure
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What is an acceptable alternative drug and regimen to amoxicillin for prophylaxis of endocarditis in dental procedures?
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clindamycin 500-600 mg 30-60 min before procedure
azithromycin 500 mg 30-60 min before procedure |
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What supportive therapy should be given 15-20 min prior to, or concomitatnly with ABX for meningitis?
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dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg IV
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What age groups should also receive ampicillin with ABX for meningitis? Why?
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age <1 or >50
increased risk of Listeria |
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Which ABX and regimen are appropriate for most Rickettsia infections (those carried by ticks, fleas, and lice)
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doxy 100 mg bid
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How long before AMB infusion should patients be premedicated?
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30-60 min
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What is an appropriate dose of meperidine prior to administration of AMB? What is its purpose?
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25-50 mg IV to reduce duration of rigors
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What are the correct interval for 3-dose regimen of Twinrix?
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HAV/HBV vaccine: Months 0, 1, and 6
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What are the correct interval for 4-dose regimen of Twinrix?
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HAV/HBV vaccine: Days 0, 7, 21-30, then at month 12
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What are the correct interval for HAVrix?
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HAV vaccine: Months 0, 6-12
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What are the correct interval for VAqta?
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HAV vaccine: Months 0, 6-18
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