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27 Cards in this Set

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[TI, sin(x)^m*cos(x)^n] When m is odd...

u = cos(x)

[TI, sin(x)^m*cos(x)^n] When n is odd...

u = sin(x)

[TI, sin(x)^m*cos(x)^n] When m and n are odd...

Either u = sin(x) or u = cos(x)

[TI, sin(x)^m*cos(x)^n] When m and n are even...

Use half-angle formulas to simplify

[TI, sec(x)^m*tan(x)^n] When m is even...

u = tan(x)

[TI, sec(x)^m*tan(x)^n] When n is odd...

u = sec(x)

[TI, sec(x)^m*tan(x)^n] When m is even or n is odd...

Either u = tan(x) or u = sec(x)

[TI, sec(x)^m*tan(x)^n] When m is odd or n is even...

No guidelines; try simplifying to sec(x) or sec(x)^3

[TS] sqrt(a^2 - x^2)

x = a*sin(u)

[TS] sqrt(a^2 + x^2) or 1/(a^2 + x^2)

x = a*tan(u)

[TS] sqrt(x^2 - a^2)

x = a*sec(x)

How to tell if a series is increasing or decreasing

(a_(n+1))/(a_n), (a_(n+1)) - (a_n), (a_n)'

(a_(n+1))/(a_n)

If answer is 1 + (smth) --> increasing

(a_(n+1)) - (a_n)

If answer is positive --> increasing

(a_n)'

If answer is positive --> increasing

Geometric series convergence

abs(r) < 1 --> converge to a/(1-r)


abs(r) > 1 --> diverge

nth term test: result

If lim(a_n) to inf doesn't equal 0, it diverges

Integral test: requirements

Positive, continuous, decreasing on [1,inf)

Integral test: results

If limit of integral of a_n is a number --> converge


If DNE or infinity --> diverge

Limit comparison test: requirements

Positive terms

Limit comparison test: results (for a_n)

If lim(a_n/b_n) to infinity is a POSITIVE FINITE NUMBER --> a_n has same behavior as b_n


Else --> inconclusive


If L = 0 and b_n converges, a_n does too

Alternate series test: results (for (-1)^n*a_n)

If a_n is decreasing and lim(a_n) to infinity is 0 --> converges

Ratio test: performance

lim(abs(a_(n+1)/a_n)) to infinity

Root test: performance

lim((abs(a_n))^(1/n)) to infinity

Ratio and root test: results

If L < 1: converge


If L > 1 of L = inf : diverge


If L = 1 : inconclusive

Power series: performance

1. Find c


2. Conduct ratio test


3. L from ratio test determines where is converges


4. Endpoint - c = R

p-series: results

p > 1: converge


0<p<=1: diverge