Nail Disease Or Disorder.

Front 1

Leuconychia

(Loo-ko-nick-ee-aah)

APPEARANCE: White patches or white horizontal lines on the nail plate.

CAUSE:Zinc or calcium deficiency. After some illnesses. Knocks to the nail or matrix. Air under the nail plate. Bad manicure, picking off polish. These spots will eventually disappear. Very common disorder.

Back 1

https://fingernails2go.com/nail-care-myths/

Front 2

Transverse ridges/vertical ridges

APPEARANCE: In the nails these may either run lengthwise or across the nail. (ridges.)

CAUSE: Usually the result of an illness or an injury to the nail cells, in or near the matrix. Nails are fragile, so care must be taken.

Back 2

http://www.onfashionstreet.com/what-causes-vertical-or-horizontal-ridges-on-nails/

Front 3

Beau's Lines

APPEARANCE:Single horizontal grooves or furrows on the nail plate of all nails. Grow up with the nail plate.

CAUSE: Acute illness such as pneumonia. Matrix stops growing temporarily for duration of illness.

Back 3

http://www.nailsmag.com/article/81742/what-are-beau-s-lines

Front 4

Onychia

(On-nik-ee-ah)

APPEARANCE: Red and swollen; pus maybe present.

CAUSE: Broken skin or the seals of the cuticle or hyponychium could allow entry of bacteria or fungi. (Broken skin around the cuticle)

Back 4

http://feindura.info/nail-disorders-onychia.html

Front 5

Blue Nail

APPEARANCE: Deep purple or blue appearance.

CAUSE: Usually a sign of poor circulation or a heart condition. Will be helped by manicure and pedicures, massage will increase circulation, so you may need medical referral if severe.

Back 5

http://www.designveryeasy.com/tags/Plicatured-Nail-Disorder-4322

Front 6

Tinea Pedis (Athletes Foot)

APPEARANCE: Opaque/yello and black skin between toes.

CAUSE: Fungal infection of the skin of the foot.

Back 6

http://www.sundaynews.co.zw/did-you-know-athletes-foot-tinea-pedis/

Front 7

Psoriasis

APPEARANCE: Thimble like pitting of the nail plate, which become thick, rough and hard. Nail plate turns yellow/sallow. The nail can seperate from the nail bed.

CAUSE: Uncertain, maybe hereditary. Usually found in young adults.

Back 7

http://www.healthline.com/health/nail-psoriasis

Front 8

Eczema/Dermatitis/Pitting.

APPEARANCE: Inflammation, itching, swelling, skin can crack and split. Begins at the tip of finger--spreads to nail fold. Nail plate becomes pitted/ridged.

CAUSE: Hereditary-nervous disorders or an allergy.

Back 8

https://nz.pinterest.com/pin/389702173982380154/

Front 9

Hang Nail.

APPEARANCE: A strip of skin that hangs loosely at the side of the nail. Sometimes can bleed.

CAUSE: Dryness around the cuticles, split cuticles not pushing back cuticles.

Back 9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangnail

Front 10

Onychophagy-(Severly bitten nails.)

(On-ee-co-fa-jee)

APPEARANCE:Free edge of nail is chewed and bitten right down exposing bulging nail bed. Biting the cuticles-causes hangnails.

CAUSE: Habit, nervousness, boredom, biting nails.

Back 10

http://www.nailsmag.com/health/nail-skin-disorders/page/6

Front 11

Onychorrhexis- Brittle or splitting nails.

(Pronounced 'On-ee-co-rex-is')

APPEARANCE: Nails hard but brittle, nails break easily or split. Extreme dryness associated to splitting of the free edge. Splits into layers.

CAUSE: Injury to finger. Incorrect filling, over immersion in to hot water. Too much enamel remover. Strong alkaline soaps or detergents.

Back 11

http://doctorv.ca/medical-conditions/nails/onychorrhexis-age-related-nail-changes/

Front 12

Onychocryptosis/Ingrown finger or toe nail.

Pronounced 'On-ee-co-crip-toe-sis'

APPEARANCE: Sides of the nail grow into the nail wall, instead of straight forward to form the free edge. Redness, swelling, pus and pain.

CAUSE: Cutting away corners of toenails. Bad pedicure and Badly fitting shoes.

Back 12

http://www.pyroenergen.com/articles08/ingrown-nails.htm

Front 13

Onychoptosis

Pronounced ' On-i-kop-toh-sis'

APPEARANCE: Condition in which part of the entire nail shreds periodically and falls of the finger-can affect one or more nails.

CAUSE: Occurs during or after certain diseases id the body such as syphilis, as a result of fever and system upsets, as a reaction to prescription drugs or trauma.

Back 13

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_disease

Front 14

Warts/Verrucae

APPEARANCE: Small rough hard growths around the nails and on the skin if the hands and feet. Single or groups.

CAUSE: Viral infection, highly contagious.

Back 14

http://www.skin-evolutions.co.uk/warts/

Front 15

Paronychia (Whitlow) (Cellulitis)

Pronounced 'Par-oh-NIK-ee-ah'

APPEARANCE: Bacterial infection entering through a crack in the nail fold. The fold is swollen red and painful. Shrinkage of the nail plate. Separation of the nail from nail bed. Pus under the nail plate. Nail may turn black or brown.

CAUSE: Starts as bacterial infection of the nail fold, becomes fungal (Candida). Caused by bad manicure, hands in detergents or water, common in nurses and housewives, it is HIGHLY contagious.

Back 15

http://healthh.com/paronychia/

Front 16

Tinea Ungium (Nail ringworm)

Also called Onchomycosis

APPEARANCE: White dust on the nail plate. (Scrapes off the surface. Long yellow smear appearance becomes thick, brittle, opaque and tough. Nail plate separates.

CAUSE: Fungal infection. (ringworm of the nails). Begins at the free edge, spreads to the nail bed then nail plate. It is CONTAGIOUS.

Back 16

http://www.skincareguide.ca/glossary/t/tinea_unguium.html

Front 17

Sepsis

APPEARANCE: Sepsis can be defined as the body response to an infection. (blackened fingers and toes.)

CAUSE: Usually a bacterial infection invading the body region. (E.G A finger or toes) or when wide spread in blood stream it is called "Septicaemia" (Blood poisoning)

Back 17

https://www.documentingreality.com/forum/f149/sepsis-blood-infection-has-pics-28313/

Front 18

Onychatrophia-Pronounced 'On-ee-cat-row-fee-ah) APPEARANCE: Becomes opaque and ridged.

CAUSE: This condition is when the nail becomes smaller and smaller and wastes away. Injury nervous disorder or disease.

Back 18

http://www.nailsmag.com/article/97480/onychatrophia

Front 19

Onychogryphosis-Pronounced 'On-ee-co-gri-fo-sis'

APPEARANCE: Large nail with an increased curve. Looks like a rams horn

CAUSE: Production of horny cells of nail and leads to a curvature of nail. More common in older people, neglect ill fitting shoes.

(A.K.A: Aunty K, Toe Nail)

Back 19

http://www.patienthelp.org/diseases-conditions/onychogryphosis.html

Front 20

Onychauxis-Pronounced 'On-ee-cork-sis'

Also Onychophyma

APPEARANCE: Excessive thickening of the nail plate that can change colour.

CAUSE: Internal disorder, infection or neglect. This condition is sometimes referred to as 'HYPERTROPHY' which may only be treated by filing nails smooth and buffing them if no infection present.

Back 20

http://www.podiatrytoday.com/how-treat-dystrophic-nails

Front 21

Koilonychia-Pronounced 'Coy-lo-nic-ee-ah'

APPEARANCE: Spoon shape nail.

CAUSE: Accumulation of horny cells at the sides of nail plate, under the nail wall or abnormal growth from matrix.

Back 21

http://diseasespictures.com/koilonychia/

Front 22

Onycholisis-Pronounced 'On-e-co-li-sis'

APPEARANCE: Gradual separation of the nail plate from the bed whereby nail loosens without coming away completely.

CAUSE: Internal disorder, psoriasis, eczema or rough treatment, for example cleaning too far down the nail under the free edge with a sharpe object.

Back 22

http://www.primehealthchannel.com/onycholysis-definition-causes-symptoms-pictures-and-treatment.html

Front 23

Pyogenic Granuloma

APPEARANCE: Overgrowth of highly vascular (good blood supply) soft tissue, soft tissue, typically caused from chronic irritation of a nail, such as an ingrown nail.

CAUSE: Severe inflammation of the skin.

Back 23

http://medcomhk.com/hkdvb/details.asp?id=574&show=1234

Front 24

Mould/Fungal infection

APPEARANCE: Yellow brown, fungal spores.

CAUSE: If body temperature is high and fungal spores are present this is ideal conditions for fungal growth. More commonly under artificial nail.s

Back 24

http://www.dermapics.com/fungal%20nail%20infection.html

Front 25

Discolouration

APPEARANCE: A variety of colours yellow, blue, blue-grey,green,red and purple

CAUSE: Poor blood circulation heart condition or certain medications.

Back 25

http://www.odermatol.com/issue-in-html/2015-3-22/

Front 26

Pterygium

APPEARANCE: Inward advance of skin over the nail plate.

CAUSE: Trauma to the matrix. Loss of nail plate due to over development of scar tissues.

Back 26

http://nailstyling-fiedler.info/nail-disorders-milady.html

Front 27

Corns or Calluses

APPEARANCE: Usually small corns found on the feet. Maybe red and sore.

CAUSE: Tight fitting shoes or pressure on the particular area. Can be treated with corn pads.

Back 27

http://www.treatcure.com/corns/corns-feet-bottom-ball-side-heel-hard-painful-pictures-causes-removal-treatment-prevention/

Front 28

Chilblains

APPEARANCE: Red itching skin.

CAUSE: Blood circulation not good to the extremities of the body resulting in small itchy blisters.

Back 28

http://www.pcds.org.uk/clinical-guidance/perniosis