N: Neuropathology Of Tumors

Front 1

What are the top three tumors of the brain for kids (<10y)? What is the location of all three of these tumors?

Back 1

medulloblastoma, low grade astrocytoma (pilocytic astrocytom), ependymoma (most to least freq)

Posterior fossa

Front 2

What is the most common primary brain tumor of adults? What correlates with the chance of getting a more rare primary cancer of the brain?

What is the first most likely weird one (second most likely primary type)?

Back 2

glioblastoma (usually supratentorial).

The younger of an adult the pt is, the more likely it's gonna be to be a weird one.

Meningiomas.

Front 3

Ependymoma tx requires what, currently? Why might the prognosis data give us the wrong idea about this cancer?

Back 3

Xrt
- it has an intermediate survival prog, but the treatment itself results in residual disability.... so it still sucks the big one.

Front 4

What do we call a WHO grade I astrocytoma?
- common locations?
- grow patterns?

Back 4

pilocytic astrocytoma
- cerebellum, hypothalamus, optic nerve
- circumscribed, solid, and cystic

Front 5

What do we call a WHO grade II astrocytoma?
- what is seen on histology?

Back 5

Diffuse astrocytoma
- diffuse infiltration by cytologically atypical cells

Front 6

What do we call a WHO grade IV astrocytoma?
- T1 MRI findings?
- what is seen histologically?
- increased or decreased mitotic actv?

Back 6

Glioblastoma, GBM... it is a type of astrocytoma
- ring-enhancing lesion
- marked cellular atypia, increased mitotic actv, microvascular prolif, and necrosis.

Front 7

What is a diffusely infiltrating glioma of the cerebrum of adults that is frequently calcified, and more likely to be found in younger adults?

Back 7

oligodendroglioma.

Front 8

What is an Ependymoma?
- common sites?
- what can it do to the CSF?
- histological finding?

Back 8

solid (circumscribed) glioma
- cerebellum, spinal cord
- seed it w/ metastases
- Rosettes of cells

Front 9

How do meningiomas appear on T1? post-contrast gadolinium T2?

Back 9

hypodense lesion
homogeneously enhancing mass w/ "dural tails"

Front 10

What is a WHO grade one Schwann cell tumor called?
- what types of bodies are seen histologically?
- This is a biphasic neoplasm. What does that mean?

Back 10

Schwannoma
- verocay bodies: nuclear palisades surrounding acellular zone
- that it has hypocellular areas and hypercellular areas.

Front 11

What is an example of a WHO grade IV invasive, biologically aggressive primary tumor in the brain area?
- what is seen histologically?
- mitotically active?
- seeds CSF?
- what kind of metastases can it form?

Back 11

medulloblasoma.
- primitive (embryonal) cells w/ neuronal features (Homer-Wright rosettes)
- yes
- frequently
- "drop" metastases

Front 12

What is the most common tumor seen in the brain?
- % multiple? single?
- 3 types?
- 4 most common sites that send intraparenchymal metastases?
- which of these cancers has the highers chance to metastasize to the CNS?

Back 12

metastases: 10x more common than all primary CNS neoplasms COMBINED.
- 75/25 mult/sing

- intraparenchymal, seen @ gray-white junction
- CSF dissemination
- direct/local extension (can see cord compression)

- lung, brease, skin, kidney (most to least freq)
- melanoma, then lung, then breast, then kidney (see why this is diff than above? it's a different quantity)

Front 13

What is another name (a technically erroneous one) for Schwannoma arising on the vestibular division of CN VIII?

Back 13

acoustic neuromas... like the ones seen in NF2 (bilateral)

Front 14

Which tumors may represent a part of the von-Hippel-Lindau syndrome when they are found in the cerebellum and retina?

Back 14

hemangioblastomas.

Front 15

What tumors are derived from arachnoid cap cells and represent the second most common primary intracranial brain tumor after astrocytomas?

Bonus: associated w/ a specific dz?

Back 15

meningiomas

can be associated with NF2.