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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name two types og art. cartilaginae (= cartilaginous joints)
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Synchondrosis
Symphysis |
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Name two joints between the rib and vertebral column.
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Art. capitis costae
Art. costotransversaria |
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Name at least 3 types of bursa synovialis.
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Bursa synovialis subcutanea
Bursa synovialis submuscularis Bursa synovialis subfacialis Bursa synovialis subtendinea |
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Name two inspiration muscles.
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mm. intercostales externi
m. rectus thoracis diaphragma |
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Name expiratory muscles.
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mm. Intercostales interni
m. transversus thoracis |
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What forms linea alba?
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Aponeurose fusion of the straight abdominal muscles, separates left and right rectus abdominis muscle.
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Name two muscles according to its shape.
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m. longissimus
m. trapezius m. longus colli m. longus capitis |
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Name two long ligaments of the vertebral column.
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lig. nuchae
lig. longitudinale dorsale et ventrale lig. supraspinale |
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Brachial muscle and name its antagonist.
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Brachial muscle flexes elbow joint
Antagonist = m. tensor faciae antebrachii |
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Which type of joint represents sutura?
Give example of this type of joint. |
Fibrous joint
Sutura sagittalis |
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The biggest head of the quadriceps femoris muscle?
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m. vastus lateralis
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Which layers do the capsula articularis consist of?
Underline this which forms ligaments. |
Stratum fibrosum (underline)
Stratum synoviale |
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Name two short ligaments of the vertebral column.
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Ligg. flava
Ligg. interspinalia |
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Which ligaments are included in the femorotibial joint?
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Ligg. cruciata genus
Lig. collaterale mediale/laterale Art. meniscus lateralis et medialis |
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Name the main components of symphysis intervertebralis.
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Nucleus pulposus
Anulus fibrosus Discus intervertebralis |
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Which muscles form rectus vaginalis?
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mm. recti abdominis
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What are the elements of the synovial joints?
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Articular surface
Articular cartilage Articular cavity |
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Hind limb flexor name and function.
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m. tibialis cranialis (flex hock)
m. extensor digitorum longus (flexes tarsal) m. triceps surae (only m. gastricnemius in dog) flexes stifle m. flexor digitorum superficialis |
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Name in latin the ligament extending between the os sacrum and os coxae in large animals.
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Lig. sacrotuberale latum
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Name 1 example of art. plana, and 1 example of ginglymus
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Art. plana: art. sacroiliaca
Ginglymus: elbow joint |
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Triceps brachi bellys?
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Caput longum
Caput laterale Caput mediale Caput accessorium (only in dog) |
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Knee and elbow joint in latin?
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Knee: art. genus (art. femorotibialis et art. femoropatellaris
Elbow: art. cubiti |
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Name two joints of the vertebrae and ribs.
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Art. costovertebrales:
- art. capitis costae - art. costotransversaria |
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Name parts of the nuchal ligament?
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Funiculus nuchae
Laminae nuchae |
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M. pterygoideus medialis - which functional group of head muscles does it belong to?
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Muscles of mastication
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What are the rectile muscles of vagina?
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mm. recti abdominis
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What ligament is found at axis in dog, and difference in horse.
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- nuchal ligament
- in the dog it arises from the axis, in the horse it arises from the occipital bone |
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Which animals does not have lamina nuchae?
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Dog and cat
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Name 2 types of accessory structures in muscles.
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Sesamoid bone and fascia
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M. longus capitis - what is its function
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Flexes neck
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Name three accessory structures of the muscle.
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- sesamoid bones
- synovial tendon sheets - synovial bursae - faciae |
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Joint between the os coxae and sacrum?
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Art. Sacroiliaca
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M. gastrocnemius (from m. triceps surae) - name its heads.
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Caput mediale
Caput laterale (Only in dog) |
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Give one example of art. plana and one of art. spheroidea?
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Art. plana: art. sacroiliaca
Art. spheroidea: art. coxae and art. humeri |
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Name openings of diaphragm muscle?
Function? |
Diaphragm = musculotendinous plate responsible for inspiration. Muscular part of it surrounds centrum tendineum.
Openings: aortic hiatus (aorta with celiac...), esophageal hiatus (esophagus) and on caval foramen (caudal? Vena cava) |
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Name the long muscle of the head?
Name the long muscle of the neck? |
m. longus capitis
m. longus colli |
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What layers does the capsula articularis consist of? (Latin)
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Stratum fibrosum
Stratum synoviale |
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What two types of joints does the art. intermandibularis have/consist of?
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Synchondrosis intermandibularis (smallest)
Sutura intermandibularis (larger part) |
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Name main components of symphysis intervertebralis?
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Nucleus pulposus
Anulus fibrosus Discus intervertebralis |
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Name the two parts of m. digastricus?
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Anterior belly
Posterior belly |
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Name in latin the fibrocartilaginous rim extending the cavity forming the hip joint?
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Labrum acetabulare
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Give one example of ginglymus + one example of art. ellipsoidea
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Elbow joint
Atlanto-occipital joint |
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What is the space between adjacent bones in synovial joints called?
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Joint cavity
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Write short definition of the anatomical cross-sectional area?
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The largest cross-sectional area along the length of that muscle.
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Name in latin two long ligaments of the vertebral column?
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Lig. longitudinale dorsale
Lig. longitudinale ventrale |
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Structure formed in caudal part of internal abdiminal oblique muscle?
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Cranial wall of the deep inguinal ring (anulus inguinalis profundus)
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Name the ligament attaching to atlanti-occipital joint?
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Lig. laterale
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Name the muscle located over the ribs, filling the intercostal spaces?
Function? Antagonist? |
- mm. intercostales externi
- inspiration - mm. intercostales interni |
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1. Name in latin ligaments connecting the vertebral arches and
2. Ligaments between transversus processes of lumbar vertebrae |
1. Ligg. flava/ interacuate ligament
2. Ligamenta intertransversaria |
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What type of joint is the art. atlantoaxialis?
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Art. trochoidea
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Where do you find meniscus articularis?
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Found in the femorotibial joint
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Joints are formed when?
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When two or more bones are united by:
Fibrous, elastic or cartilaginous tissue |
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Name the two joints of stifle joint (art. genus)
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- femorotibial joint, art. femorotibialis
- femoropatellar joint, art. femoropatellaris |
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Which group of joints represents schindylesis?
Example? |
Articulationes fibrosae - SUTURA
articulation of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone with the vomer. |
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Name the passive part of the muscle and its less mobile attachment?
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Passive part: tendon
Less mobile attachment: origin Moveble attachment: insertion |
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List two main types of the "ARTICULATIONES CARTILAGINEA"
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Synchondrosis & symphysis
- united by cartilage |
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What makes up a synovial joint?
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- articular surfaces
- articular cartilage - articular cavity |
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Name the intracapsular ligament of the art. coxae
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lig. capitis ossis femoris
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Name in Latin the space between the adjacent bones of the joint surrounded by the joint capsule?
Which layer of this capsule forms villi and folds? |
Synovial joints
- cavum articulare - synovial layer: may contain folds and villi. |
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Name in latin the ligament extending between the os sacrum and os coxae in dog?
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Lig. sacrotuberale
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Give short definition of the deep ingual ring?
Name the muscular structure forming the ring? |
- area caudal to last muscle fibres of m. obliquus internus abdominis, lateral to m. rectus abdominis.
- the deep inguinal ring is formed by the caudal border of the internal oblique abdominal muscle and the lateral border of the straight abdominal muscle craniomedially. |
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Where does lig. longitudinale ventrale go?
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8th thoracic ➡️ sacrum (ventral surface of the vertebral bodies)
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Name the muscles belonging to tendo calcaneus communis.
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- m. triceps surae
- m. flexor digitorum superficialis - m. biceps femoris - m. semitendinosus |
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Name in latin the ligament extending between os sacrum and os coxae in large animals?
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Lig. sacrotuberale latum
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Where does lig. longitudinale dorsale go?
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Dens axis --> sacrum (inside the vertebral canal)
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List the 3 most important sutures of the skull?
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- sutura coronalis
Frontal <--> parietal bones - sutura sagittalis Left <--> right parietal bones - sutura lambdoidea Parietal <--> occipital bone |
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What does lig. intercapitale do?
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Connects the head of the same segment.
(part of lig. capitis costae intraarticulare) |
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M. brachiocephalicus - name its parts.
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- pars cervicalis
- pars mastoidea From m. cleidocephalicus Brachiocephalic muscle divides into m. Cleidocephalicus and m. Cleidobrachialis |
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M. rectus femoris. Name the bigger muscular unit compassing the muscle.
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M. quadriceps femoris
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Name the intracapsular ligaments of the art. femorotibialis.
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Ligg. cruciata genus
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Which animals does not have lamina nuchae?
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Carnivores
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Which muscles form the tendo calcaneus communis?
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m. triceps surae
m. flexor digitorum superficialis m. biceps femoris (calcaneal branch) m. semitendinosus (calcaneal branch) |
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Write a short definition of physiological cross-sectional area?
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Total area of the cross-sectiones perpendicular to the muscle fibers.
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Give example of art. ellipsoidea
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Atlanto-occipital joint
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Which group of joints according to uniting tissue represents GOMPHOSIS?
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Fibrous joints (articulationes fibrosae)
Ex. Alveolus dentalis |
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Name two examples of art. spheroidea?
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Art. humeri
Art. coxae |
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Name the layer of CT that surrounds a muscle fiber?
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Endomysium
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Name the layer of CT that surrounds the entire muscle?
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Epimysium
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M. obliquus internus abdominis - name its antagonist.
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M. obliquus externus abdominis
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Name the layer of CT that envelops one fascicle of muscle fibres?
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Perimysium
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Name the two membranes strengthening the atlanto-occipital joint
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Ventral atlantooccipital membrane
Dorsal atlantooccipital membrane |
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M. biceps brachii - name its antagonist
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M. triceps brachii
(m. biceps brachii extends shoulder joint & flexes elbow joint, m. Triceps brachii does the opposite) |
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Name the marked muscle (m. extensor carpi radialis) and an example of antagonist muscle?
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m. flexor carpi radialis
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Name the marked muscle (m. obliquus abdominis externus). Does this play any role in formation of inguinal canal?
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Yes, also m. rectus abdominis.
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M. vastus medialis - is it a part of m. quadriceps femoris?
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Yes
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