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103 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ex: Envisage the slum as a hotbed of crime
Ex: Envisage an entirely new system of education
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Envisage- en·vis·age \ in-ˈvi-zij , en- \
1: to view or regard in a certain way
2:to have a mental picture of especially in advance of realization
:especially in advance of realization
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One of the great Wayfarer of American folklore, Johnny Appleseed wandered across the country, always planting apple seeds |
Wayfarers -| \ ˈwā-ˌfer-ər \
: a traveler especially on foot |
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1.his most strenuous supporters
2. all your muscles need more oxygen during strenuous exercise. |
strenuous | \ ˈstren-yə-wəs \
a: vigorously active : ENERGETIC
2: marked by or calling for energy or stamina : ARDUOUS |
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//an Incipient solar system
//evidence of Incipient racial tension |
Incipient- | \ in-ˈsi-pē-ənt \
Definition (Adjective): beginning to come into being or to become apparent |
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1.ascertain the truth
2.trying to ascertain the cause of the fire.
3. Information that can be easily ascertained on the Internet.
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Ascertain
1: to find out or learn with certainty
2: archaic : to make certain, exact, or precise |
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A diligent worker.
After many hours of diligent research, the students were ready to compile their results.
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Diligent - ˈdi-lə-jənt (adjective)
Definition: Someone or something described as diligent is characterized by steady, earnest, and energetic effort.
You’re more likely to be diligent about something if you love doing it. |
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Noun example: "the absurdly lenient sentence is a travesty of justice".
Verb examples: "Michael has betrayed the family by travestying them in his plays".
This comedy sketch mindlessly travesties the hard work of relief workers around the world. |
Travesty - /ˈtravəstē/
Noun: a false, absurd, or distorted representation of something. Verb: represent in a false or distorted way.
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//The garden hasn't been getting adequate water.
//The food was more than adequate for the six of us.
//The school lunch should be adequate to meet the nutritional needs of growing children.
//The machine does an adequate job.
//The tent should provide adequate protection from the elements.
//The quality of his work was perfectly adequate. |
Adequate a-di-kwət (adjective)
: sufficient for a specific need or requirement -lawfully and reasonably sufficient |
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//Lack of funding has been a major constraint on the building's design. //They demand freedom from constraint. //They refuse to work under constraint any longer. |
Constraint kən-ˈstrānt (noun)
:The act of constraining :The state of being checked |
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//“Robert” is a boy's name, and the corresponding name for a girl is “Roberta.” //a test question and its corresponding chapter in the textbook //As the cost of steel goes up, expect to see a corresponding increase in building costs. |
Corresponding ˌkȯr-ə-ˈspän-diŋ -Similar to, connected with, or caused by something else.
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The investigation stayed within the parameters set by the court.
The department of health established the parameters for the experiment. |
parameter pə-ˈra-mə-tər (Noun) -A set of facts that establishes or limits how something can be done must be done. |
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//His ears were drawn out of proportion with his head. //The size of the window seems out of proportion with the height of the wall. //Children make up a large proportion of the world's population. |
Proportion prə-ˈpȯr-shən (Noun)
-the relation of one part to another or to the whole with respect to magnitude, quantity, or degree : RATIO -harmonious relation of parts to each other or to the whole |
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//He's been the family's foremost reliance in times of trouble many times //a baby's reliance on her parents //A world's reliance on oil has been bad for the experiment |
Reliance ri-ˈlī-ən(t)s (Noun) -The state of depending on or trusting in someone or something |
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//There was a terrible sequence of events that led to their divorce //a chase sequence in a spy movie //I enjoyed the movie's opening sequence. |
Sequence ˈsē-kwən(t)s (Noun) a series of related things or events, or the order in which they follow each other |
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Adjective //The winds were light and variable. //The loan has a variable interest rate.
Noun //unemployment and other economic variables |
Variable ˈver-ē-ə-bəl (Noun, Adjective) |
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//The company's advertisements are ubiquitous. //by that time cell phones had become ubiquitous, and people had long ceased to be impressed by the sight of one |
Ubiquitous yü-ˈbi-kwə-təs (Adjective) |
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//The application process is cumbersome and time-consuming.
//Her expanded job title is really cumbersome. |
Cumbersome ˈkəm-bər-səm (Adjective)
Difficult or burdensome Situation: Something that is difficult and problematic. |
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//the essay is a facetious commentary on the absurdity of war as a solution for international disputes //a facetious and tasteless remark about people in famine-stricken countries being spared the problem of overeating |
Facetious fə-ˈsē-shəs (Adjective) -not to be taken seriously (like between a serious and a lie) Joking or jesting often inappropriately
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//He went through a long and arduous training program. //an arduous journey across miles of desert |
Arduous ˈär-jə-wəs (adjective) : hard to accomplish or achieve : DIFFICULT : Requires strenuous effort: difficult |
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//It's a little presumptuous of you to assume that I'm your new best friend just because I invited you along //The presumptuous doctor didn't even bother to explain to me the treatment that I would be receiving. |
Presumptuous pri-ˈzəm(p)-chə-wəs (adjective) : Showing lack of respect by showing what you shouldn't |
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"He is using a common figure of rhetoric, hyperbole" |
Rhetoric ˈre-tə-rik (Noun)
the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques."he is using a common figure of rhetoric, |
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//She was condemned by the church for uttering blasphemies. //in the 17th century the Quakers were persecuted for beliefs and practices that older churches regarded as blasphemies. |
Blasphemy blah-sfuh-mee Noun
in a religious sense, refers to great disrespect shown to God or to something holy, or to something said or done that shows this kind of disrespect |
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//He was accused of making obscene phone calls. //He made an obscene gesture at the driver who cut him off. //The company's executives earn obscene salaries. //He spends an obscene amount of money on clothes. |
Obscene - äb-ˈsēn (Adjective)
(of the portrayal or description of sexual matters) offensive or disgusting by accepted standards of morality and decency. -so excessive as to be offensive |
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//The governor debased himself by lying to the public. //The holiday has been debased by commercialism. |
Debase di-ˈbās (verb)
: to lower in status, esteem quality, or character
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//the once-lovely landscape had been profaned by ugly factories //profaned his considerable acting talents by appearing in some wretched movies |
Profane prō-ˈfān (Verb)
: to treat (something sacred) with abuse, irreverence, or contempt : DESECRATE
: to debase by a wrong, unworthy, or vulgar use |
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//He feels that wealthy people view him with contempt because he is poor. //He spoke with contempt in his voice. //She has displayed a profound contempt for her opponents. //She was arrested for contempt of court. |
Contempt kən-ˈtem(p)t (Verb)
: the act of despising : the state of mind of one who despises : DISDAIN
: lack of respect or reverence for something |
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//The country's leaders relentlessly persecuted those who fought against the regime. //They were persecuted for their beliefs. |
Persecute ˈpər-si-ˌkyüt (Verb)
: to harass or punish in a manner designed to injure, grieve, or afflict specifically : to cause to suffer because of belief : to annoy with persistent or urgent approaches (such as attacks, pleas, or importunities) : PESTER |
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//The child sat by himself, looking pensive. //rainy days often put her in a pensive mood She's thinking about her friend in the hospital she looks pensive. |
Pensive ˈpen(t)-siv (Adjective)
Deep or serious thought : musingly or dreamily thoughtful -//her face had the pensive mournfulness of a seraph in an old sad painting |
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//Musing about what might have been. I could sell the house, she mused, but then where would I go? |
Muse myüz (Verb)
: to become absorbed in thought especially : to think about something carefully and thoroughly |
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//A circuitous route. // We took a circuitous route to reach our destination. //A circuitous journey by snowmobile. |
Circuitous sər-ˈkyü-ə-təs (Adjective)
Not straight or direct |
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//She has always been a very conscientious worker. //He was conscientious about following the doctor's orders. |
Conscientious ˌkän(t)-shē-ˈen(t)-shəs (Adjective) - METICULOUS, CAREFUL -Normally responsible for doing work carefully & treating others with respect. |
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//He described the scene in meticulous detail.
//He is meticulous about keeping accurate records. |
Meticulous mə-ˈti-kyə-ləs (Adjective) marked by extreme or excessive care in the consideration or treatment of details |
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//a convoluted explanation that left the listeners even more confused than they were before.
//The story was convoluted because there were so many different people involved.
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Convoluted ˈkän-və-ˌlü-təd (Adjective) (It can be used to describe a story, an argument and a sentence that is hard to follow)
Difficult to follow; Complex; Twsted |
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//omit details that are not germane to the discussion.
//facts germane to the dispute.
//my personal opinion isn't germane to our discussion of the facts of the case. |
Germane jər-ˈmān (Adjective)
Relevant; closely or significantly related. |
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//The whole idea is preposterous!
//the idea that extraterrestrials built the pyramids is preposterous. |
Preposterous pri-ˈpä-st(ə-)rəs (Adjective )
: contrary to nature, reason, or common sense : ABSURD
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//extraterrestrial life
//an extraterrestrial being |
extraterrestrials ˌek-strə-tə-ˈre-strē-əl (Adjective) : a being from another world
: originating, existing, or occurring outside the earth or its atmosphere |
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//When she saw us she gave us a perfunctory smile.
//The violinist delivered a perfunctory performance that displayed none of the passion and warmth he was once known for |
Perfunctory pər-ˈfəŋ(k)-t(ə-)rē (Adjective)
: lacking in interest or enthusiasm
//the violinist delivered a perfunctory performance that displayed none of the passion and warmth he was once known for |
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//die-hard fans who became truculent and violent after their team's loss
//a theater critic who was notorious for his tiranically truculent reviews
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Truculent - ˈtrə-kyə-lənt (that kya) pronounced as (Q)) (Adjective)
Fierce; cruel;agressively hostile.
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//This design incorporates the best features of our earlier models.
//a diet that incorporates many different fruits and vegetables
//The company was incorporated in 1981.
//The company incorporated in 1981 |
Incorporate in-ˈkȯr-pə-ˌrāt (Verb)
: to unite or work into something already existent so as to form an indistinguishable whole b: to blend or combine thoroughly |
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//They choose austere furnishings for the office. //He was known for his austere style of writing. //They lived an austere life in the country. |
Austere ȯ-ˈstir (Adjective)
: stern and cold in appearance or manner
-Severe in manner, strict, without excess
-morally strict
-markedly simple or unadorned |
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//employees who are at the mercy of a capricious manager //The court ruled that the punishment was arbitrary and capricious. |
Capricious kuh-pre-shus (adjective) Subject to sudden or unpredictable change. |
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//defamatory remarks that were published in the newspaper //The president's defamatory remarks startled everyone. |
Defamatory dih-fam-uh-tawr-ee (false or unjustified harm to someone's reputation) |
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//metaphysics is such an esoteric subject that most people are content to leave it to the philosophers
//must have had some esoteric motive for leaving his art collection to a museum halfway around the globe |
Esoteric ˌe-sə-ˈter-ik (Adjective)
-Understand by a select few people who have special knowledge |
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The project is at a nascent stage of development.
I'm in a Nascent stage in my study challenge. |
Nascent nas-uhnt (Adjective)
-beginning to exist or develop |
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Interactive English is the most quintessential channel to learn, practice and improve your English skills. |
Quintessential ˌkwin-tə-ˈsen(t)-shəl (Adjective) -reprenenting the most perfect or typical example. |
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I admonish everyone for procrastinating.
The parents admonished their child for telling a lie |
Admonish ad-mon-ish (verb) (To admonish someone)
-to advice against something;scold |
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I advocate for the implementation of federalism in my country.
The teacher advocated for better pay. |
Advocate ad-vuh-keyt (Verb) To advocate for (something)
To show strong support for something.
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After the bad experience one of the group members bemoaned about it. She bemoaned having to look for another flight . |
Bemoan bih-monn (Verb) To express distress, grief, regret. |
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The accountant embezzled millions of dollars from the company. The manager got fired for embezzling the grocery. |
Embezzle em-bez-uhl (verb) To take money or something fraudulently:steal |
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"we undertake to pay forthwith the money required" His best service now to his country would be to resign forthwith. |
Forthwith (especially in official use) immediately; without delay. |
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She extolled the beautify of modern art.
I extolled the art and plot of Manhwa tittled "Solo Leveling" |
Extol ik-stohl -to praise highly;laud; eulogize |
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When you explain the theory to me in a fast way you're just obfuscating it. The oil company tried to obfuscate the benefits of wind energy. The idea of flat earthers about the space was Impugned and obfuscated by certain scientist. |
Obfuscate ob-fuh-skeyt (Verb) To confuse or bewilder; make unclear (something)) |
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//negated and denied her own honest reactions //Alcohol can negate the effects of some medicines. //The fact that she lied about her work experience negated the contract. //A verb that is negated by “not” |
Negate ni-ˈgāt (verb)
To cause to be ineffective or invalid.
To deny the existence or truth of. |
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//a generation that has repudiated the values of the past //He has publicly repudiated the government's policies. //He published an article that repudiates the study's claims. //She says she has evidence which repudiates the allegations. |
Repudiate ri-pyoo-dee-eyt (Verb) To reject with disapproval. |
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If want us to support you in your campaign you should give us some quid pro qou. |
Quid pro quo kwid-pro-qou (noun) Something given/taken in exchange for something else. |
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Interactive English is the epitome of English teaching excellence. //The cartoon character Garfield is the epitome of the lazy, food-obsessed cat. |
Epitome e-pit-o-me (noun) The epitome of something) (This thing best represents this whole group) If you say that a person or thing is the epitome of something, you are emphasizing that they are the best possible example of it. |
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//Her essay discusses the dichotomy between good and evil in the author's novels.
//We study the dichotomy of economic development and environmental protection. |
Dichotomy die-chot-o-mey. (Noun)
The contrast between two things that are opposed |
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There is a myriad of people protesting for Palestine.
There is a myriad of tree in the forest. |
Myriad myr-i-ad (noun)
A great number of pople or things. |
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The email they discovered gave credence to his unethical behavior.
The behavior that he has shown today debased him tragically and it gave credence to his bad behavior. |
Credence cre-dence (noun) (To give credence to something)
The belief as to the truth of something. |
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I feel malaise immediately after i I got exposed in the rain. I experience bad headaches and malaise before going to the doctor. |
Malaise ma-laise (noun) A vague feeling of physical discomfort or unease as an early of an illness. |
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You will be seen as a sycophant if you treat wealthy people with so much care. Some sycophants in the media refuse to acknowledge the political corruption. |
Sycophant sy-co-phant (noun) A person who tries to gain attention by flattering wealthy or influential people. |
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There are some dilettante people who doesn't know what happened between palestine and Israel conflict. She think she knows a lot about health and nutrition, but she's really a dilettante. |
Dilettante dil-it-tante (noun) A person who cultivates an interest in something without learning in-depth information. (Sometimes a person just want to learn something just he/she want to share it with his/her friend.) |
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I'm at nascent stage in my English learning challenge while his in zenith.
His athletic career has reached its zenith. |
Zenith ze-nith (noun)
The top, peak, highest point of something. |
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I stood back, abashed, wondering what I'd done wrong. I was abashed when a stranger woman shouted at me without reason. |
Abashed ə-ˈbasht (adjective) made to feel uncomfortable, disconcerted, or embarrassed by something that has happened or been done or said |
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Events to commemorate Martin Luther king Jr.
Museum to commemorate the 70th anniversary of 1953 floods. |
Commemorate ku-mem-uh-reyt (verb)
To remember officially and to give respect to a great person or event, especially by public ceremony or making a statue or a special building. |
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I am soaking wet, you may infer that it's rainy outside. After seeing the athlete is happy I infer that they have won the the competition. |
Infer in-fer (verb) To form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have. |
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Have you been trudge up a mountain?
To go their you need to trudge through because the path is slippery. |
Trudge tru-dge (verb) (Trudge through, Trudge up, Trudge down, Trudge over.) To walk slowly with a lot of effort, especially over a difficult surface or while carrying something heavy. |
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I want to be a workaholic In learning English language but I find it difficult. |
Workaholic work-uh-holic (Addicted to something) A person who works a lot of the time and finds it difficult not to work. |
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The police officers began their intense scrutiny at the crime scene.
The suspect is in under scrutiny after the incident. |
Scrutiny scroot-n-ee (noun) Useful phrase: To come under scrutiny To come under intense scrutiny
The careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it. |
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We are waiting for his concession of the election. The candidate made an emotional concession speech when it was clear that he had lost. If we need to compromise, you may make a concession. I may also make a concession. |
Concession kuhn-sesh- uhn (noun) Something that is allowed or given up often in order to end a disagreement. |
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"they deferred the decision until February"
Our holiday was schedule was deferred because of the incident. |
Defer de-fer (verb)
put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone.
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Some native people have xenophobia because they are not accustomed to seeing other people aside their tribesmen. |
Xenophobia zen-uh-foh-bee-uh (Noun) The extreme dislike or fear of foreigners, their custom, their religion, etc. |
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The village experience an influx of tourists in this summer.
Manila experience an influx of supplies and people every December. |
Influx in-flux (noun) (An influx of) The arrival of a lot of people or things at the same time. |
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John Impugn the other guy's statement saying "the pyramid was built by extraterrestrials.
They tried to impugn his character with false accusations. |
Impugn im-pyoon (Verb) A lot of times it is used to impugn someones (character) (Basically saying that this person should not be believed that they say things that are false dishonest and your trying to cast doubt over things that this person is talking about when you Impugn his character.
To challenge as false;cast doubt upon something
(To impugn someone or something)
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"he confided his fears to his mother"
There are selected people that you can confide to. |
Confide kuhn-fide (Verb)
tell someone about a secret or private matter while trusting them not to repeat it to others. |
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"work such as theirs will help to elucidate this matter"
The crowd didn't understand the information shared by the students therefore the teacher elucidated it properly. |
Elucidate uh-loo-suh-dayt (verb)
make (something) clear; explain. |
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//The administration placated protesters by agreeing to consider their demands.
//The angry customer was not placated by the clerk's apology. |
Placate pley-keyt (verb)
To appease especially by concessions
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The mediator helped the two parties reconcile their differences and reach a settlement in the divorce. The student had to reconcile conflicting information in order to write an accurate research paper. |
Reconcile ˈre-kən-ˌsī(-ə)l (verb) Meaning: to find a way to bring two conflicting ideas or beliefs into an agreement
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The economist extrapolated future growth rates in the economy based on past trends. The climatologist extrapolated future temperature trends based on current data |
Extrapolate ik-ˈstra-pə-ˌlāt (verb) Meaning: to make predictions or estimates based on known information
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The psychologist tried to elicit the patient’s feelings by asking about their childhood experiences. The teacher used thought-provoking questions to elicit insightful answers from her students. |
Elicit i-ˈli-sət (verb) Meaning: to draw out a response, information, or reaction from someone. |
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The company decided to augment their workforce by hiring more skilled employees.The author augmented her book with additional chapters to address the latest developments in the field. |
Augment Meaning: to make something greater by adding to it; to increase or enhance |
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The company decided to augment their workforce by hiring more skilled employees. The author augmented her book with additional chapters to address the latest developments in the field. |
Augment ȯg-ˈment (verb)
Meaning: to make something greater by adding to it; to increase or enhance |
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The heavy rainfall exacerbated the flooding in the low-lying areas. His lack of sleep only served to exacerbate his anxiety before the exam. |
Exacerbate ig-ˈza-sər-ˌbāt (Verb) Meaning: to make a situation or problem worse or more severe |
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The new healthcare initiative aimed to ameliorate the living conditions of the less fortunate. Regular exercise and a healthy diet can ameliorate the symptoms of depression. |
Ameliorate ə-ˈmēl-yə-ˌrāt (verb)
Meaning: to make a situation or problem better or more tolerable |
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The researcher garnered data from multiple sources to support her thesis. The presidential candidate garnered widespread support for his progressive policies. |
Garner ˈgär-nər (verb)
Meaning: to gather, collect, or accumulate information or support |
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The manager took steps to bolster employees’ morale by implementing more flexible working hours. The football manager decided to bolster his defence by signing two experienced defenders. The government’s infrastructure investments bolstered the country’s economic growth. |
Bolster ˈbōl-stər (verb)
Meaning: to strengthen or support someone or something.
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As the storm abated, the rescue team was finally able to reach the stranded hikers.The central bank’s measures helped abate inflation and stabilised the economy. |
Abate ə-ˈbātMeaning: to reduce in amount, degree, or intensity; to lessen or diminish. |
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As the storm abated, the rescue team was finally able to reach the stranded hikers. The central bank’s measures helped abate inflation and stabilised the economy. |
Abate ə-ˈbāt (verb)
Meaning: to reduce in amount, degree, or intensity; to lessen or diminish. |
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The tour guide embellished the story of the haunted house to entertain the visitors. The artist embellished his life story to impress his audience. |
Embellish im-ˈbe-lish (verb) Meaning: to make a story or description more interesting by adding extra details, often ones that are not true or only partly true
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Despite the numerous challenges she faced, Jane persevered with her research project. The athlete persevered through the pain barrier and eventually completed the marathon. |
Persevere pər-sə-ˈvir (verb)Meaning: to continue in a course of action even in the face of difficulty or with little or no prospect of success |
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The government implemented new policies to mitigate the effects of climate change. The company took steps to mitigate the risks associated with the project. |
Mitigate ˈmi-tə-ˌgāt (verb) Meaning: to make something less severe, serious, or painful
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I admonish my child for telling a lie. And told him that I'll clobber him if he violate it. |
Clobber ˈklä-bər (verb) hit (someone) hard. |
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I admonish my child for telling a lie. And told him that I'll clobber him if he violate it. |
Clobber ˈklä-bər (verb) hit (someone) hard. |
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//the first printout quickly revealed that our computer program needed to be emended. |
emend ē-ˈmend (verb)
to correct usually by textual alterations |
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//Amended the manuscript //The country's constitution was amended to allow women to vote. |
amend ə-ˈmend (verb)
: to put right especially : to make emendations in (something, such as a text) |
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High housing prices have deterred many young people from buying their first home.
The mother cat kept pushing her kitten back to deter it from falling in the river.
New security cameras will deter thieves from targeting this neighborhood |
Deter di-ˈtər (verb)
Definition: to make someone not want to do something. |
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//conceded that it might be a good idea. //concede power |
Concede kən-ˈsēd (Verb) to acknowledge grudgingly or hesitantly (2): to relinquish grudgingly or hesitantly |
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I relish traveling to exotic locations.
I relish eating ice cream in a hot summer day. |
Relish (Relish + chance) (Relish + opportunity): To do something To like or enjoy something (Adding emphasis) |
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Don't squander this opportunity. |
Squander sk-wan-der (verb) Squander + an/ opportunity To waste moneys or supplies, or to waste opportunity by not using them to your advantage |
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Noun example; an ability to listen to two sides in a dispute, and devise a compromise acceptable to both.
Verb example; "in the end we compromised and deferred the issue" |
Compromise ˈkäm-prə-ˌmīz
an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.
(verb) settle a dispute by mutual concession. |
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Some people concur with the belief where the first being on the moon were the extraterrestrials being.
The presence concurred with the incident. |
Concur kuhn-kur (verb)
Meaning 1: be of the same opinion; agree.
Meaning 2: happen or occur at the same time; coincide. |
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//I will not relinquish my rights.
//She was forced to relinquish control of the project.
//The court ordered him to relinquish custody of his child. |
Relinquish ri-ˈliŋ-kwish verb
to withdraw or retreat from : leave behind :GIVE UP to stop holding physically : RELEASE
to give over possession or of : YIELD |
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"I could glean vicarious pleasure from the struggles of my imaginary film friends" |
Vicarious vī-ˈker-ē-əs (Adjective) experienced in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person. Acting or done for another |
