Music- Romantic

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ROMANTIC
slight holding back or pressing forward of tempo to intensify the expression of the music, often used in romantic music

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rubato,ex chopin

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ROMANTIC
puts unprecendented emphasis on self-expression and individuality of style. explores a universe of feeling that included flampoyance and intimacy, unpredictability and melancholy rapture and longing

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individuality of style and expressive aims and subjects

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ROMANTIC
1. inclusion of folk songs, dances, legends, and other national material in a composition to associate it with the composer's homeland; characteristic of romantic music

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nationalism

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ROMANTIC
use of melodies, rhythms, or instruments that suggest foreign lands; common in romantic music

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exoticism

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ROMANTIC
instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene, often found in the romantic period.

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program music

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ROMANTIC
Romantic composers reveled in rich and sensuous sound, using______ to obtain variety of mood and atmosphere. Never before had it been so important.

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tone color, timbre

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ROMANTIC
they explored new chords and novel ways of using familiar chords. seeking greater emothinal intensity, composers emphasized, rich, colorful, and complex harmonies

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colorful harmony

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ROMANTIC
It also calls for a wide range of dynamics, it includes sharp contrasts between faint whispers and sonorities of unprecented power. they demanded ffff and pppp seeking mor and more expressiveness
Pitch was expanded, wanting extremely high or low sounds. Changes of mood are often underlined by accelerandos, ritardandos, and subtle variations of pace there are more fluctuations in tempo than there are in classical music.

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dynamics pitch and tempo

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ROMANTIC
the nineteenth century was very much an age of contradictions. Romantic composeres expressed themselves both in musical miniatures and in monumental compositions. length of symphonies expanded to 45 min

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more info

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ROMANTIC
instrument forms
single movement
Piano pieces for example nocturne, etude

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No other composer has made the piano sound as beautiful as Chopin, who creates the illusion that the piano sings.
nocturine or night piece, is a slow, lyrical, intimate compositon for piano.
Etude is a study piece designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
single movement
Independent compositon for orchestra in one movement, usually in sonata form, often found in the romantic period.

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Concert overture
EX Tchaikovsky, romeo and juliet, not on our cd

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
single movement
Programmatic composition for orchestra in one movement, which may have a traditional form (such as a sonata or rondo) or an original, irregular form

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Symphonic poem (tone poem)
no ex

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
multimovement
orchestral composition, usually in foru movements, typically lasting between 20-45 minutes, exploiting the expanded range of tone color and dynamics of the orchestra.

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Symphony

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
multimovement
Symphony (a composition for orchestra in several movements) r/t a story, idea, or scene, in which each movement usually has a dexcriptive titile; often found in romantic music.

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program symphony
EX: berlioz, fantastic symphony 4th movement

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
multimovement
music intended to be performed before and during a play, setting the mood for the drama

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incendental music
no ex

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
Extended composition for instrumental soloist and orchestra, usually in three movements: (1)fast, (2)slow(3) fast

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concerto

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ROMANTIC
instrumental forms
multimovement
In music after the baroque period, an instrumental composition usually in several movements for one or two players

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sonata

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ROMANTIC
Vocal forms
single movement
1. Setting of a poem for solo voice and piano, translating the piem's mood and imagery into music, common in the romantic period.
2. vocal form in which the same music is repeated for each stanza of a poem
3. Vocal form in which there is new music for each stanza of a poem.

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1. Art song EX Schubert, Erlkonig
2. Strophic form EX Clara Wieck Schumann, Liebst du um schonheit
3. through-composed form EX Schubert, erlkonig

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ROMANTIC
vocal form
single movement
Song for solo voice w/ orchestral accompaniment, usually expressing an emotional state through its outpouring of meldy; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas.

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aria EX Puccini, La Boheme

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ROMANTIC
vocal forms
multimovement
Group of art songs unified by a story line that runs through their poems, or by musical ideas linking the songs; often found in romantic music

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song cycle

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ROMANTIC
Vocal forms
multimovement
Drama that is sung to orchestral accompaniment, usually a large-scale composition involving vocal soloists, chorus, orchestra, costumes, and scenery

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Opera or music drama

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ROMANTIC
voal forms
multimovement
Mass for the dead

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requiem EX mozart, requiem, dies irae

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ROMANTIC
the earliest master of the romantic art song. He never held an official musical position and was neither a conductor nor a virtuoso; his income came entirely from composition. musical gifts as a child. at 11 became choirboy. his love of poetry led him to the arto son: he composed his first great song, Gretchen am spinnrade when he was 17, and the next year he composed 143 songs, including The Erlking. at 19 he composed 179 works, including 2 symphonies, an opera and a mass.

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Franz Schubert (1797-1828)

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ROMANTIC
in many ways embodied musical romanticissm. his works are intensely autobiographical and usually have descriptive titles, texts, or programs. as a writer and critic, he also discovered and made famous some of the leading composers of his day. born in Zwickau, Germany. he studied law. he had a bad right hand, but didn't stop him from composing.............................................................................

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Robert Schumann (1810-1856)