Music History Test 1

Front 1

This was the place where the first efforts to organize sound occurred (in terms of duration)

Back 1

Notre Dame cathedral in Paris

Front 2

These were important sections of text to which composers gave a tighter rhythmic organization in organum

Back 2

Clausulae

Front 3

This is a type of organum featuring four voices, typical of the late 12th and early 13th centuries

Back 3

organum quadruplum

Front 4

In what way was organum an example of scholasticism

Back 4

It elaborated on important melismatic chant sections by amplifying the sonority, and therefore, the experience of these liturgical moments

Front 5

This is the genre that reflects fin' amour as the most important courtly ideal in troubadour music

Back 5

canso

Front 6

It was an intellectual current that attempted to explain the experience of reality according to theological and sacred principles. Cleric scholars amplified the understanding of this "secular/sacred" interaction by commenting on the text of revered authors

Back 6

scholasticism

Front 7

These are elements in music practices that show the liminal nature of medieval culture

Back 7

A and B

Front 8

By the 7th century three political regions disputed the legacy of the Roman Empire. Western Europe was by far the weakest. Why?

Back 8

All of the above

Front 9

This was a technique that enabled medieval singers to avoid tritones when singing in parallel fourths and fifths

Back 9

oblique organum

Front 10

This became a generic term used to describe "polyphony" during the Middle Ages

Back 10

organum

Front 11

How are the writings by William of Ockham telling of a new surge in secular approaches to the understanding of reality?

Back 11

He promoted the basis of a scientific method of observation and interpretation that relied on reason and the human senses

Front 12

This is one of the most important development in the structural treatment of cantus firmi, the backbone of compositions during the 14th century

Back 12

isorhythm

Front 13

How is Adam de la Halle's De ma dame veint/ diex comment porrorie/omnes an example of how scholasticsm "legitimized" a plurality of secular interwoven meaning in music?

Back 13

The presence of a repeated fragment from a chant related to an important christian holiday legitimizes the platonic desire between two lovers, each represented in separate melodies on top of the tenor

Front 14

After Notre Dame, this was the first effort to provide individual shapes for pitches during the Middle Ages

Back 14

franconian notation

Front 15

In retrospect, this was perhaps the most important musical creation of the Middle Ages due to the plurality of meanings and layerings that it featured

Back 15

the motet

Front 16

Why are substitute clausulae important to the development of Western music?

Back 16

Because by swapping these sections composers used them as material for more elaborate compositions, like motets

Front 17

How did the secular/sacred ideological conflict of the 14th century influence creative impulses in art, music and literature?

Back 17

all of the above

Front 18

How does the motet cum statue/hugo, hugo by Philippe de Vitry relate to the sacred/secular ideological tension of the 14th century?

Back 18

poem criticizing the church??????????

Front 19

What historical antecedents made people question faith and the political position of the church in the 14th century?

Back 19

A and B (great schism and hundred years war)

Front 20

It was the first attempt to create duple meter in music compositions. it also created the "minim" as the smallest rhythmic value

Back 20

phillipe de vitry's ARS NOVA

Front 21

This was an important political antecedent for the inclusion of English artistic influences into French lands

Back 21

the hundred years war

Front 22

In the music of John Dunstable, these are characteristics of new approaches towards text in polyphonic music

Back 22

A and B

Front 23

In which way does Guillaume Du Fay's Missa Se la face ay pale show that, while proportion was an aesthetic value of renaissance aesthetics,

Back 23

All of the above

Front 24

Pieces such as Guillame du Fay's ballad Se la face show that, during the first half of the fifteenth century, music was

Back 24

music was in a state of transition using elements from the french middle ages (such as forms and melodic syncopation) and new English traits (such as imperfect consonances and stepwise melodic motions)

Front 25

These were set forms that composers used to write secular songs during the late 14th and first half of the 15th centuries

Back 25

fixed forms

Front 26

This region became the hotbed of a new cosmopolitan style due to its being a center for politics and trade, thus attracting musicians and tendencies from England, Italy, and France

Back 26

Burgundy

Front 27

This is a trend in renaissance aesthetics

Back 27

both B and C

Front 28

This was a movement that promoted the study of grammar, moral philosophy, poetry, and history as subjects that developed the individual's mind, spirit, and ethics, and that prepared people for lives of virtue and service

Back 28

humanism

Front 29

These are examples of approaches to music composition in the late 14th century, as shown in the music of Guillaume Machaut

Back 29

block structures produced by having held consonances as points of arrival in between sections that are melodically active

Front 30

This was the French term for the English approach to consonance

Back 30

countenance angloise